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PubMed1987

Application of antibodies to intermediate filament proteins in simple and complex tumors of the female genital tract.

Polyclonal antibodies to cytokeratins, vimentin, and desmin and monoclonal antibodies to vimentin and to individual cytokeratin polypeptides, specific for glandular epithelia (RGE 53) or kertinizing stratified squamous epithelia (RKSE 60), have been applied in gynecological tumors with simple or complex composition. In general, tumors with simple composition showed reaction patterns fitting their known epithelial or mesenchymal nature, i.e., cytokeratin positivity in epithelial tumors only, vimentin positivity in mesenchymal tumors, and expression of desmin and vimentin in muscle cell tumors. Rather frequently, coexpression of cytokeratins and vimentin was noted in endometrial adenocarcinomas. Tumors with complex composition, such as müllerian mesodermal mixed tumors (MMMTs), that may pose considerable problems in conventional histopathology revealed various reaction patterns, with either expression of only cytokeratins or coexpression of cytokeratins and vimentin in carcinomatous areas and expression of only vimentin in sarcomatous areas. However, in addition, some MMMTs contained cells that were also positive for desmin. Intermediate filament protein immunohistochemistry appeared to be helpful in establishing a diagnosis of MMMT and in characterizing the different tumor components, which may prove to be useful in the evaluation of gynecological treatment protocols.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1999

Endocrine cell micronests in an ovarian mucinous cystadenofibroma: a mimic of microinvasion.

An ovarian mucinous cystadenofibroma with peculiar neuroendocrine cell micronests is described in a 59-year-old Japanese woman. Aggregates of epithelial cells resembling microinvasive carcinoma cells were scattered throughout the adenofibromatous area. These micronests were composed of small uniform cells with argentaffin and argyrophil granules. Numerous small cells with neuroendocrine granules were also seen within mucinous glands. This is the first report of neuroendocrine micronests in an ovarian neoplasm, a finding that should be distinguished from microinvasion.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1986

The spectrum of sonographic findings of fibroadenoma of the breast.

There are a number of sonographic findings seen in fibroadenoma of the breast. In a retrospective study, we examined the biopsy results of 59 masses given the sonographic diagnosis of fibroadenoma. We also reviewed the sonograms of an additional 26 biopsy-proven fibroadenomas that were not diagnosed as such with ultrasound. The ultrasound diagnosis was correct in 50 of 76 fibroadenomas (65.8%). Only 12 of the 76 biopsy-proven fibroadenomas had the classic sonographic appearance of a smooth round or oval mass with homogeneous internal echoes. Fourteen fibroadenomas were not visible on the sonograms, even in retrospect. The remaining 50 biopsy-proven fibroadenomas demonstrated one or more "atypical" signs of border irregularity, lobulation, inhomogeneous internal echo texture, or posterior shadowing. There were nine sonographic false positives: five patients had other benign lesions on histology, and four masses believed to be sonographically compatible with fibroadenoma were found to be carcinomas. While breast sonography is frequently a useful modality for breast mass detection, particularly as an adjunct to x-ray mammography, the common overlap in characteristics of benign and malignant masses makes histologic evaluation of all solid masses essential.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MR imaging of the breast: comparison with mammography and ultrasound.

Fifty-seven biopsy proven breast masses have been examined at our institution by magnetic resonance (MR), mammography, and ultrasound. The three techniques have been evaluated concerning their capability to visualize the lesion and the diagnostic information obtained. Magnetic resonance proved comparable to mammography and superior to sonography in the fatty to medium dysplastic breasts but inferior to the combined examination by mammography and sonography in the dense breasts. In some selected cases, however, special advantages of MR have been found.

Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous↗
PubMed1979

Alternatives to subcutaneous mastectomy.

It is our belief that subcutaneous mastectomy often leads to complications, with poor results. In addition, because a considerable amount of breast tissue may be left behind, its value as a prophylactic operation must be questioned. Two alternatives are presented. In our experience, these lead to fewer complications with a more thorough removal of the mammary gland, and achieve a better appearance. The alternatives are (1) simple mastectomy with secondary reconstruction; (2) the type of mastectomy described by Spira--with primary reconstruction using a subpectoral silicone prosthesis covered by muscle and an inferiorly-based dermal flap.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1979

"Apple coring" the nipple in subcutaneous mastectomy.

A simple technique is described for removing the ductal tissue from the nipple in a subcutaneous mastectomy. We believe that complete removal of all the ductal tissue is desirable in this operation, and that it will also decrease the incidence of subsequent infection. The operative technique, the problems, the advantages, and the disadvantages of the procedure are described.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1999

Benign tumors and tumor-like lesions of the adult kidney. Part I: Benign renal epithelial neoplasms.

The spectrum of renal neoplasms has expanded in recent years. Although most of the work taking place in this field has concerned malignant neoplasms of the kidney, there have been significant improvements in our knowledge of benign renal tumors and tumor-like lesions, especially in renal cell adenoma, renal oncocytoma, and renal angiomyolipoma. Awareness and knowledge of these benign lesions is important because they are often included in the differential diagnoses of malignant tumors, with which they may be confused both clinically and pathologically. The authors review the topic of benign renal neoplasms and tumor-like lesions that occur in adults, emphasizing some of the newly described aspects of these lesions.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed2004

A menopausal woman with mullerian agenesis, a leiomyoma, an inguinal hernia, and cystadenofibromas.

BACKGROUND: Müllerian agenesis, the second most common cause of primary amenorrhea, affects 1 in 4,000 to 10,000 women. Although the majority of these women have complete absence of the uterus, a small percentage can have a rudimentary uterus. CASE: A menopausal nulligravida with known müllerian agenesis developed a large pelvic mass and an inguinal hernia. The patient underwent an exploratory laparotomy, which revealed a large leiomyoma growing from a small rudimentary uterus, an indirect inguinal hernia, and bilateral benign serous cystadenofibroma. CONCLUSION: Women with müllerian agenesis and rudimentary uteri can develop gynecologic pathology similar to women with normal genital tracts.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed2006

Ovarian serous cystadenofibroma with stromal sex cord elements: report of a unique case.

This report describes an ovarian serous cystadenofibroma, in a postmenopausal woman, which exhibited extensive sex cord differentiation, in the form of solid and hollow tubules resembling Sertoli cell elements, within the stroma. The sex cord elements, which were located just beneath the epithelium, were positive with both alpha inhibin and calretinin and negative with epithelial membrane antigen. They were also CD56 positive but negative with other neuroendocrine markers. True sex cord structures or sex cord-like elements have been described in ovarian adenosarcomas and pure stromal tumors, especially fibromas. However, as far as we are aware, these elements have not been reported in a serous cystadenofibroma. The endometrium exhibited simple hyperplasia, perhaps secondary to estrogenic activity of the sex cord elements. We discuss the significance of CD56 positivity of the sex cord elements.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1990

Chemoprevention of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced mammary carcinogenesis in rat by the combined actions of selenium, magnesium, ascorbic acid and retinyl acetate.

The chemopreventive actions of sodium selenite (SS), magnesium chloride (MC), ascorbic acid (AA) and retinyl acetate (RA), given singly or in combinations, on mammary carcinogenesis induced by 30 mg of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) in female adult rats were evaluated. Administration of modulators was carried out from the age of 40 +/- 3 days to 240 +/- 3 days. When DMBA alone was given 100% of the rats developed mammary tumors. When modulators were given singly the tumor incidences were reduced to 51.77% (SS), 46.4% (MC), 57.1% (AA) and 48.1% (RA). When the modulators were given in combination of twos, the tumor incidences were further reduced to 29.5% (SS + MC), 31% (SS + AA), 29.6% (SS + RA), 25.9% (MC + AA), 31.8% (MC + RA) and 34.6% (AA + RA). Administration of modulators in combinations of threes resulted in still further reduction of tumor incidences to 22.2% (SS + MC + AA), 19.2% (SS + MC + RA), 16% (MC + AA + RA) and 23.1% (AA + RA + SS). When all four modulators were given concurrently the tumor incidence was only 12%. Further, the number of tumors per tumor-bearing animal declined with the increase in the number of agents used in combination for modulation.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1983

The relationship between 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity and oestrogen concentrations in human breast tumours and in normal breast tissue.

The activity of 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17 beta HSD) was measured in human breast tumours and in normal breast tissue from premenopausal, perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. Enzyme activity was higher in tumour tissue than in normal tissue from the same breast and under the conditions of the assay the oxidation of oestradiol was higher than the reduction of oestrone. The physiological status of the women in the study did not relate to the activity of the enzyme in either normal or tumour tissue although fibroadenomas had less activity than adenocarcinomas. In postmenopausal women tumour tissue oestrogens were 2-3 fold higher than in normal tissue from the same breast. Furthermore, tumour tissue concentrations of oestradiol tended to be higher than those of oestrone although in normal tissue the two oestrogens were present in similar concentrations. In plasma from the same women oestrone was the predominant oestrogen. There appears to be no direct relationship between 17 beta HSD activity and oestrogen concentrations but the enzyme may play a part in determining the balance between oestrone and oestradiol according to substrate and cofactor availability.

17-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases↗
PubMed1992

Fine needle aspiration of breast carcinoma in a fibroadenoma.

A case of concurrent carcinoma of the breast with a fibroadenoma in a 59-year-old woman is described. The diagnosis was made on fine needle aspiration cytology. Despite the rarity of such a lesion, it is felt that a cytological diagnosis of this lesion from a fine needle aspirate specimen is possible.

Adenofibroma↗