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PubMed1988

Skin blood flow in necrobiosis lipoidica during treatment with low-dose acetylsalicylic acid.

Skin blood flow was measured by the laser Doppler technique in lesional and clinically normal skin of 10 diabetic patients with necrobiosis lipoidica during and after treatment with 40 mg acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) daily. The measurements showed that the blood flow during ASA treatment was significantly decreased in the central lesional skin without changes in the peripheral part of the lesions and normal skin. In view of these findings we suggest that low-dose ASA may not be the best treatment for necrobiosis lipoidica.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1986

[Acetylsalicylic acid in the treatment of ischemic cerebrovascular disorders].

An examination of 80 patients with ischaemic cerebrovascular disease, subdivided into 5 groups according to platelet antiaggregant treatment, demonstrated the insufficient effectiveness of acetylsalicylic acid in preventing recurrences. The drug failure can most probably be attributed to its particular action mechanism or to dosage.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

[Acetylsalicylic acid and kurantil in the prevention of pregnancy complications in glomerulonephritis and hypertension].

A controlled clinical trial included 64 pregnant females suffering from chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) and hypertension: 31 patients received acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) in a dose 125 mg/day and curantyl (150-225 mg/day) from gestation week 12-19 till delivery, 33 control females were not given the drugs. Prenatal care and labour management were similar. Total number of the complications (fetal and natal deaths, preterm labour, intrauterine fetal retardation, late toxicosis, premature detachment of normally located placenta) as well as the number of pregnancies with complications were less in the test group. The same was true for the second pregnancies versus the first ones when ASA and curantyl were not given. It is suggested that low-dose ASA plus curantyl improve placental circulation eventually resulting in less frequent occurrence of pregnancy complications and in better pregnancy outcomes in CGN and hypertensive women.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗

PubMed1998

[Ascolong: a new buccal dosage form of acetylsalicylic acid to be used and antiaggregant].

AIM: Study of the tolerance and pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic characteristics of ascolong, a new buccal dosage form of aspirin containing a very low dose of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA): 12.5 mg. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was carried out in 43 healthy men (assessment of the drug tolerance) and 19 male patients with coronary disease or cerebrovascular disorders. In 10 patients the antiaggregant efficacy of ascolong administered once or regularly (for 2 weeks) in a dose of 12.5 mg was compared with placebo, in 9 patients a random cross study of 2-week courses of ascolong and Russian aspirin tablets in a dose of 100 mg was carried out. Platelet aggregation was assessed on days 1 and 14 of each course before and 2, 4, and 24 h after the drug intake. RESULTS: Ascolong containing a very low dose of ASA exerts a reliable antiaggregant effect after a single and regular intake, although this effect is less manifest than after aspirin tablets. Profiles of ASA concentrations in the blood were studied. Transbuccal entry of ASA in systemic circulation decelerated its metabolism into a less active metabolite, salicylic acid, due to which fact the ASA microdose had an expressed antiaggregant effect. The drug was sufficiently well tolerated. CONCLUSION: The new buccal film form of aspirin containing a very low dose of ASA possesses a good antiaggregant effect and is promising in subjects with contraindications to oral intake of aspirin.

Administration, Buccal↗

PubMed1983

Combined embryotoxic action of toluene, a widely used industrial chemical, and acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin).

CFY rats were exposed to inhalation of fresh air at days 10-13 of gestation; at day 12 the dams were given 0, 125, 250, 500, or 1,000 mg/kg acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) by gavage. During the same period of gestation (days 10-13) further groups of rats were exposed to toluene at 1,000, 2,000, and 3,600 mg/m3 atmospheric concentration and were given 250 mg/kg ASA by gavage; two subgroups of animals treated with 250 mg/kg ASA in combination with 3,600 mg/m3 toluene inhalation were given 0, 2.5, or 5 gm/kg glycine 2 hours before the ASA dose. At day 21 the animals were killed and examined for teratogenic effects and histological changes. After 48 hours toluene exposure other groups of rats were treated with ASA or with ASA plus glycine (administered 2 hours earlier) on day 20 of gestation. These animals were killed 2 hours later and the salicylic acid concentration in maternal and embryonic plasma and in amniotic fluid was measured by gas chromatography. With the rising ASA doses both maternal toxicity (increased mortality, decreased food consumption, and weight gain) and embryonic toxicity (postimplantation loss, increased incidence of weight-retarded fetuses, increased minor anomalies and malformations, decreased average weight of fetuses) increased. Toluene was found to potentiate the toxic effect of ASA and to increase both maternal and embryonic toxicity. The type of ASA-induced minor anomalies and malformations was also found to be altered under the effect of toluene pretreatment. By raising the toluene concentration the salicylic acid level in the maternal and embryonic plasma and in the amniotic fluid was increased above the expected concentration. The mechanism of the potentiating interaction should be looked for in the depletion of the glycine pool by toluene (and its metabolites) and in the resultant increase of salicylic acid level. Increasing ASA embryotoxicity caused by toluene can be warded off by glycine administration.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗

PubMed2000

Validation of the removal of acetylsalicylic acid. Recovery and determination of residues on various surfaces by high performance liquid chromatographic.

The validation of a procedure to clean glass, vinyl and stainless steel surfaces that have been exposed to acetylsalicylic acid during its manufacture is described. The cleaning procedure using two cotton swabs moistened with the mobile phase was validated using a wipe-test and a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method developed to determine low quantities of the acid. The HPLC method involves an octadecylsilane column at 55 degrees C, a mixture of water-acetonitrile-orthophosphoric acid (779:220:1, v/v) as mobile phase and detection at 226 nm. Recoveries of 86%, 90% and 94% were obtained from vinyl, glass and stainless steel plates respectively. The validation gave acceptable levels of sensitivity, recovery, precision and linearity.

Aspirin↗

PubMed1979

Changes in platelet function and gastrointestinal bleeding following repeated administration of acetylsalicylic acid in the rat and the dog.

Two dogs were prepared with Pavlov pouches of the fundic area of the stomach using standard techniques. During treatment periods of 14 days, 200 mg acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) was introduced into the pouch twice daily by insufflation. One hour after each drug administration the pouch was washed with saline and the fluid assayed for blood. Bleeding from the pouch increased to a maximum on the 3rd or 4th day of the treatment period and subsequently declined such that by the 8th day blood loss was minimal and approximated that found during control periods. Platelet aggregation (in vitro) responses to adenosine diphosphate were significantly (p less than 0.01) inhibited on day 3 when aggregation curve heights were reduced by 66.2 +/- 13.11% (mean +/- SEM) from control values. On day 7 and during the ensuing 7-day period when ASA was given twice daily, the heights of aggregation responses were reduced by only 20-30% from controls. These responses were significantly (p less than 0.001) greater than those found on day 3. Similar changes in platelet reactivity were found in plasma from rats given ASA twice daily for 7 days. Aggregation responses to collagen were depressed by 95.5 +/- 4.49% on day 1 following two doses of ASA. As the treatment period continued, the aggregation responses increased in magnitude until the 7th day they were similar in height to those from control animals. The mechanism involved in this adaptation to ASA treatment seen with these platelets is not known.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗

PubMed1983

Quantification of blood from skin bleeding time determinations: effects of fish diet or acetylsalicylic acid.

The Simplate II technique for measuring bleeding time was adapted to quantify the volume of blood as a function of time and for determining how this parameter was affected by either acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) or a dietary supplement of fish. Both increased the bleeding time significantly. Irrespective of the final bleeding time, the rate of blood loss increased for about the first 2 min and then decreased almost linearly until bleeding stopped. This time course was not affected by either ASA or the fish diet. The lack of effect by ASA suggests that the initial increase in bleeding time, presumably due to reversal of vasoconstriction, does not involve prostaglandin derivatives. After ASA the rate of blood loss was significantly greater throughout, probably caused by deceleration of platelet aggregation. During the fish diet, when bleeding time was increased, there was no change in the rate of blood loss until the last 2-3 min during which bleeding continued at a very low rate. The results support the conclusion that the delay in primary haemostasis produced by a fish diet is due to a different mechanism than that produced by ASA.

Adult↗

PubMed1986

Salicylate antagonism of acetylsalicylic acid inhibition of platelet aggregation in male and female subjects: influence of citrate concentration.

Platelets from volunteers were exposed for 1 min to sodium salicylate (SA) before and after the addition of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) to produce greater than or equal to 50% inhibition of aggregation induced by arachidonic acid (AA) or collagen. SA:ASA concentrations = 20:1. SA protection against ASA inhibition was always observed even if ASA exposure time was 15 min, whereas reversal could not be demonstrated once exposure of platelets to ASA exceeded a minimum of 3-10 min with AA as the stimulus. Reversal was even less effective when collagen was the stimulus. An apparent, increased sensitivity to SA reversal of ASA inhibition in females disappeared when citrate concentration was adjusted to compensate for lower packed cell volume. The proposed male dependency for protection in ASA treatment of thromboembolic disorders cannot be explained on the basis of differences in the SA-ASA competition at platelet cyclooxygenase and, if collagen is an important in vivo stimulus of platelet interaction with damaged vessel wall, the antagonism of ASA by SA may not be important.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

100 mg acetylsalicylic acid acutely decreases red cell aggregation in women taking oral contraceptives.

Since oral contraceptives (OC) are known to impair blood fluidity and to increase the risk of venous and arterial thrombosis, while acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) decreases the thrombotic risk and modifies some rheologic parameters, we compared the hemorheologic effects of ASA on blood rheology between women treated by OC and women who never received this medication. 25 women under OC were compared to 25 matched women who had never used OC. Blood viscosity (MT90 viscometer) and RBC aggregation (Myrenne aggregometer and AFFIBIO erythroaggregometer) were measured before and 1 hr after women received per os 100 mg ASA, after an overnight fast. The only significant difference between women under OC and controls was an increased RBC aggregation ('M' index +28%, p < 0.04; Affibio aggregation time -21%, p < 0.03). On the whole sample of 50 women as well as in the subgroup of women under OC, ASA decreased RBC partial disaggregation threshold (-1.7%, p < 0.01). These results confirm that RBC aggregation is increased under OC and suggest that 100 mg ASA acutely induces a partial reversal of this RBC hyperaggregation.

Adult↗

PubMed1975

[Prevention of thrombosis using acetylsalicylic acid following vascular prosthesis and endarterectomy].

In 20 dogs one common iliac artery was intimectomized, an equal segment of the other was replaced by a knitted dacron prosthesis. Ten animals were given Acetylsalicylic Acid 30 mg/kg BW/d. Four weeks later these arterial segments were examined grossly and histologically for the presence of thrombotic depositis. In the treated animals these segments always remained patent. Three of the untreated animals showed a complete thrombotic occlusion of the prosthesis. The amount of thrombotic deposits on intimectomized and prosthetics segments was clearly reduced in the treated animals.

Animals↗

PubMed2004

Short- and long-term effects of acetylsalicylic acid treatment on the proliferation and lipid peroxidation of skin cultured melanocytes of active vitiligo.

OBJECTIVE: Recent in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent, acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) or aspirin has antioxidant properties on various cell lines and tissues. Hence, the aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of ASA at 2 different concentrations (75 and 300 microg/ml) on the proliferative capacities and lipid peroxidation of in vitro skin cultured melanocytes obtained from patients with active vitiligo. METHODS: The present work was carried out from February 2001 through to November 2001, at the Vitiligo Unit, King Abdul-Aziz University Medical Center, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Employing methods described in this section, cryopreserved primary cultured melanocytes that were originally cultured from skin biopsies of normal healthy individuals and patients with active vitiligo (n=7), were subcultured to confluence. The malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations in the cell culture medium were determined at 6 hours and 21 days following cultured melanocytes treatment with ASA (75 and 300 microg/ml). Also, the number of viable melanocytes was determined 21 days following the treatment of melanocytes with ASA (75 and 300 microg/ml). RESULTS: Following ASA treatment at 75 microg/ml, the cultured melanocytes from the normal and active vitiligo donors showed significant increase in the proliferative capacities as judged by the increase in the number of viable melanocytes after 21 days of cell culture (28.2% and 26.9%, p<0.001). Concomitantly, the same ASA concentration resulted in significant decrease in the concentrations of MDA in the cell culture medium of the normal and active vitiligo melanocytes 6 hour and 21-day period following the ASA treatment [6 hour: 16.2% (p<0.05) and 18.4% (p<0.001); 21 day: 32% and 38.6% (p<0.001)]. However, the long-term (21 days) treatment of cultured melanocytes from the normal and active vitiligo donors with ASA at 300 microg/ml resulted in a significant reduction in the number of viable melanocytes (33.6% and 63.5%, p<0.001). Whereas, MDA concentrations 6 hour and 21-day period following the ASA treatment had significantly increased [6 hour: 28.6% (p<0.05) and 41.3% (p<0.001) 21 day: 92.8% and 127.8% (p<0.001)]. CONCLUSION: Low-dose ASA (75 microg/ml) may confer protection of skin melanocytes from the normal and active vitiligo donors against lipid peroxidation and up-regulate their proliferative capacities. On the other hand, high-dose ASA (300 microg/ml) may have deleterious effects on the melanocytes, increasing lipid peroxidation and hence may potentiate melanocyte apoptosis.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

Interaction study between Org 10172, a low molecular weight heparinoid, and acetylsalicylic acid in healthy male volunteers.

Potential interactions between Org 10172 (Lomoparan, i.v. bolus injection of 3,250 anti-Xa units followed by 750 units twice daily s.c. for 8 days) and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) (500 mg orally 14 and 2 h before i.v. Org 10172 administration) were studied in eight healthy male volunteers using an open, randomised three-way cross-over design. Except for moderate bruising at venepuncture and s.c. injection sites which were equally distributed over all three treatments (Org 10172 alone, ASA alone, Org 10172 and ASA combined), no side effects were observed. The effects of the separate drugs on several haemostatic parameters were as expected, although the prolongations in bleeding time after ASA were highly variable and tended to be somewhat more pronounced after the combination (p greater than 0.05). Org 10172 did not influence the inhibiting effects of ASA on platelet function nor the functional recovery afterwards, as evaluated by thromboxane A2 (TXA2) generation and collagen-induced platelet aggregation. Furthermore, no important interactions were observed with regard to the coagulation tests and plasma anti-Xa activity. Although this study did not entirely exclude small interactions between Org 10172 and ASA in this relatively small group of subjects, these effects are probably without clinical significance.

Adult↗

PubMed1984

Influence of indometacin and acetylsalicylic acid on the therapeutic effectiveness of talinolol in patients with essential hypertension.

Clinical-pharmacological investigations on interactions between cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors and beta-adrenoceptor blocking agents continuing, indometacin and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) were added to a monotherapy of talinolol in two groups of hypertensive outpatients. Both added drugs reduced slightly the blood pressure lowering effect of talinolol, but did not alter its negative chronotropic effect. Indometacin abolished a talinolol-induced increase in serum triglycerides and caused a small decrease in serum cholesterol. ASA diminished slightly blood glucose. Probably the observed interactions and side effects are not important practically.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Prevention of deep venous thrombosis and thrombo-embolism by dipyridamole and acetylsalicylic acid after reconstructive arterial surgery.

A series of 400 consecutive patients subjected to reconstructive arterial surgery were randomly allocated into four equal groups in order to study the effect of dipyridamole and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) in the prevention of deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. There were 11 drop-outs. In the dipyridamole-ASA group there were no thrombotic complications while in the control group without antithrombotic therapy five cases of deep venous thrombosis and two cases of fatal pulmonary embolism were encountered (p < 0.05). In the groups receiving either dipyridamole or ASA alone two and four cases of deep venous thrombosis, respectively, were found. It is concluded that treatment with dipyridamole and ASA combined is useful in preventing postoperative thrombotic complication after peripheral vascular reconstructive surgery.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1981

Effects of acetylsalicylic acid on plasma glucose, free fatty acid, betahydroxybutyrate, glucagon and C-peptide responses to salbutamol in insulin-dependent diabetic subjects.

The selective beta 2-adrenergic agonist salbutamol increases plasma glucose concentration and the rate of lipolysis when infused in pregnant diabetic women. The aim of the present study was twofold: (a) to focus on the actions of salbutamol on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in insulin-dependent diabetics: and (b) to investigate possible interferences of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) with the metabolic responses to i.v. salbutamol. The results obtained during salbutamol infusion (5 microgram/min) in 6 insulin-dependent diabetic subjects demonstrated that this drug caused sustained increases in plasma glucose, free fatty acid and beta-hydroxybutyrate concentrations, as well as a small and transient rise of plasma glucagon. No change in plasma C-peptide concentration occurred during salbutamol. A concurrent infusion of lysine acetylsalicylate reduced the increase in free fatty acids by half, blunted the weak glucagon response but enhanced the rise in plasma glucose following salbutamol administration. The present data show that salbutamol exerts a potent hyperglycemic, lipolytic and ketogenic effect in insulin-dependent diabetics. We suggest that this beta-adrenergic agent should be used cautiously in human diabetes mellitus.

Adult↗

PubMed1984

Effects of a selective thromboxane synthetase inhibitor, dazoxiben, and of acetylsalicylic acid on myocardial ischemia in patients with coronary artery disease.

Thromboxane A2 (TxA2) may aggravate myocardial ischemia by inducing vasoconstriction and platelet aggregation in small coronary vessels, whereas prostacyclin (PGI2) counteracts these effects. Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) inhibits the formation of TxA2 as well as PGI2, whereas dazoxiben, a thromboxane synthetase inhibitor, reduces TxA2 formation selectively. In 25 patients with coronary artery disease, 2 identical atrial pacing stress tests were performed: before and after the administration of dazoxiben (200 mg) in 15 patients and before and after ASA (250 mg) in 10. The ischemic response, quantified by coronary sinus and aortic lactate levels and by ST depression, was significantly reduced after administration of dazoxiben (p less than 0.02) but not after ASA. Heart rate at rest, myocardial extraction of free fatty acids and the arteriovenous oxygen difference was unaffected by medication. Both drugs reduced TxB2 levels to the same extent, whereas collagen-induced aggregation was more reduced after ASA than after dazoxiben. The effect of dazoxiben on ischemia was probably a result of inhibited TxA2 and preserved PGI2 production, which increased blood flow to ischemic regions.

Aspirin↗

PubMed1987

Analgesic effect of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) versus a lithium-ASA combination: an evoked potential study employing radiant heat stimulation with a CO2 laser.

Objective experimental algesimetry was used to assess quantitative differences in analgesic properties between acetylsalicylic acid (ASA, 750 mg) and a special combination of ASA, trilithium citrate and quinine-2 HCl (750 mg, 126 mg, 4.5 mg) in a placebo-controlled double-blind crossover study on nine healthy subjects. Radiant heat stimulation was applied with a CO2 laser and somatosensory evoked vertex potentials (LSEP) were recorded while the subjects were simultaneously engaged in an adaptive pursuit tracking task in order to stabilize their vigilance. The N1 amplitude of the LSEP decreased under both verum medications; however, the drug combination was significantly more effective. The time course of this effect was attended by a marked intradiurnal variation of the LSEP amplitudes. The role of lithium in the combination with ASA and quinine-2 HCl (Togal) and an amplification of the analgesic potency of ASA are discussed.

Adult↗