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At least 829 records · Page 46Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Anatomy for the acupuncturist--facts & fiction 2: The chest, abdomen, and back.

Anatomy knowledge, and the skill to apply it, is arguably the most important facet of safe and competent acupuncture practice. The authors believe that an acupuncturist should always know where the tip of their needle lies with respect to the relevant anatomy so that vital structures can be avoided and so that the intended target for stimulation can be reached. This article reviews clinically relevant anatomy for somatic needling of the chest and abdomen.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1985

The erect abdominal radiograph in the acute abdomen: should its routine use be abandoned?

The value of erect and supine abdominal radiographs and erect chest radiographs was analysed prospectively in 102 consecutive patients admitted to hospital with acute abdominal symptoms. The radiographs were reported on initially by junior surgeons of the admitting team, special note being made of the value of the erect abdominal radiograph over the combination of the supine abdominal radiograph and erect chest radiograph. On the basis of information obtained from the erect abdominal radiograph alone no changes in patient management were recorded. A consultant radiologist reported on the same radiographs at a later date. In five cases the erect abdominal radiograph was thought to have contributed useful or additional information, although in four of these cases abnormal features were visible in the supine film. In three of the five cases important but subtle information was missed by junior surgeons. In five of the 102 patients information obtained from the erect abdominal radiograph was potentially misleading. The small yield of positive information, potentially misleading features, and lack of effect on surgical management suggest that the routine use of the erect abdominal radiograph in the acute abdomen should be abandoned.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMed1972

Clinical presentation of acute abdomen: study of 600 patients.

This paper presents the clinical features of 600 patients suffering from abdominal pain of acute onset and admitted to either the General Infirmary or St. James's Hospital, Leeds. The survey was initially retrospective, but later put on a prospective basis. Roughly two-thirds of these 600 patients presented a "typical" picture of the disease with which they presented, while the remaining third presented one or more atypical features. Since other prospective studies have indicated that the diagnostic accuracy of a group of clinicians in respect of the acute abdomen is roughly 65% it is tentatively suggested (a) that clinical diagnosis contains a large element of "pattern-matching," and (b) that such a policy can be expected to be ineffective in roughly one-third of all cases of acute abdominal pain.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMed1987

Haemolytic-uraemic syndrome presenting as an acute abdomen.

Haemolytic-uraemic syndrome (HUS) may present with symptoms and signs suggestive of an acute surgical condition of the abdomen. The patient described was admitted with clinical features sufficient to warrant operation but later proved to have HUS.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMed1985

Acupuncture therapy in acute abdomen.

Acupuncture as a therapeutic measure for abdominal pain was early recorded in Huangdi Neijing ("Yellow Emperor's Canon of Medicine"). Fruitful experiences have been accumulated in the practice of the long historical years. Nowadays acupuncture therapy has become one of the main therapeutic methods in surgical acute abdomen and is widely used clinically.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMed2001

Fundamentals of impact biomechanics: Part 2--Biomechanics of the abdomen, pelvis, and lower extremities.

This is the second of two chapters (the first chapter appeared in the Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering, 2000, 2:55-81) dealing with some 60 years of accumulated knowledge in the field of impact biomechanics. The regions covered in the first chapter were the head, neck, and thorax. In this chapter, the abdomen, pelvis, and lower extremities are discussed. The thoracolumbar spine is not covered because of length limitations and the low frequency of injury to this area from automotive accidents. Again, in the cited results, the reader needs to be keenly aware of the wide variation in human response and tolerance. This is due primarily to the large biological variations among humans and to the effects of aging. Average values that are useful in design cannot be applied to individuals.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1975

Gray scale ultrasonic angiography of the upper abdomen.

Because of the limited resolution of conventional ultrasonic B-scanning units, visualization of normal vascular anatomy in the upper abdomen has been largely restricted to the aorta. By utilizing the newer "gray scale" equipment, it is now routinely possible to demonstrate the inferior vena cava and portal veins as well as several smaller epigastric arterial and venous branches with considerably improved clarity. This report presents the normal ultrasonic vascular anatomy of this complex area detected thus far and some preliminary observations regarding pathological alterations. Future potential applications of these findings are also discussed.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1977

Techniques for improved delineation of normal anatomy of the upper abdomen and high retroperitoneum with gray-scale ultrasound.

Improved scanning techniques, positioning, and adjustments in instrumentation have been developed on the basis of more than 1,500 ultrasound examinations of the upper abdomen and high retroperitoneum. The latest instrumentation was employed, including gray-scale signal processing and focused transducers. These methods have resulted in improved visualization of normal anatomical structures, including the aorta, inferior vena cava, portal venous system, and major branches of these vessels as well as the common bile duct. Aspects of these techniques are illustrated and their applications and limitations in the differential diagnosis of upper abdominal disease are discussed.

Abdomen↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Tailored helical CT evaluation of acute abdomen.

Helical computed tomography (CT) allows rapid, cost-effective evaluation of patients with acute abdominal pain. Tailoring the examination to the working clinical diagnosis by optimizing constituent factors (eg, timing of acquisition, contrast material used, means and rate of contrast material administration, collimation, pitch) can markedly improve diagnostic accuracy. Rapid (>/=3 mL/sec) intravenous injection of contrast material is required for optimal assessment of acute pancreatitis, ischemic bowel, aortic aneurysm, and aortic dissection. Narrow collimation and small reconstruction intervals can help detect calculi in the biliary system and genitourinary tract. Tailored helical CT in patients with acute pyelonephritis usually involves several acquisitions through the kidneys during various phases of renal enhancement. In patients with suspected renal infarction, CT protocol must include an acquisition during the corticomedullary phase. Helical CT with 5-mm collimation through the lower abdomen and pelvis is used to evaluate patients with suspected diverticulitis. Use of both oral and intravenous contrast material can help localize small bowel perforation and characterize related complications. Tailored helical CT for assessment of abdominal hemorrhage consists of initial unenhanced CT followed by optional contrast material-enhanced CT. Clear communication between the radiologist, the patient, and the referring physician is essential for narrowing the differential diagnosis into a working diagnosis prior to helical CT.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMed1989

MR imaging: vascular anatomy of the abdomen.

In support of the thesis that MRI may replace more invasive angiography in some applications, a total of 28 MR sections are presented to illustrate the vascular anatomy of the abdomen in coronal, transverse and sagittal planes. More than 20 vessels are identified ranging in size from the aorta to the left inferior adrenal vein and the spermatic veins. There is no anatomic continuity in sections made in the coronal and transverse planes; sequential sections of a single patient are presented in sagittal and parasagittal planes, however. The polarity of the images is reversed for ease of comparison with angiograms.

Abdomen↗
PubMed2002

Abdomen: diffusion-weighted MR imaging with pulse-triggered single-shot sequences.

Magnetic resonance (MR) diffusion measurements of the abdomen were performed in 12 healthy volunteers by using a diffusion-weighted single-shot sequence both without and with pulse triggering for different trigger delays. Pulse triggering to the diastolic heart phase led to reduced motion artifacts on the diffusion-weighted MR images and to significantly improved accuracy and reproducibility of measurements of the apparent diffusion coefficients, or ADCs, of abdominal organs.

Abdomen↗
PubMed2003

Intermittent-mode CT fluoroscopy-guided biopsy of the lung or upper abdomen with breath-hold monitoring and feedback: system development and feasibility.

A bellows-based breath-hold monitoring and feedback system was developed and evaluated for use in intermittent-mode computed tomographic (CT) fluoroscopy-guided biopsy procedures in the lung or upper abdomen. The bellows system is described, and its feasibility is demonstrated in studies with a respiratory phantom and human volunteers. Results are reported for seven patients who underwent bellows-assisted biopsy. Breath-hold monitoring and feedback with the bellows system allow the patient to perform reliable breath holding at a preselected level. This optimizes intermittent-mode CT fluoroscopy-guided biopsies by allowing consistent visualization of the target lesion throughout the procedure.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1984

Sonographic estimation of fetal weight. The value of femur length in addition to head and abdomen measurements.

Sonographic estimation of fetal weight in utero was performed in 167 live-born fetuses examined within one week of delivery. Regression models were based on measurements of abdominal circumference, head circumference, biparietal diameter, and femur length, both alone and in combination. The best results (1 S.D. = 7.5% of actual weight) were obtained by combining measurements of the fetal head, abdomen, and femur, most likely due to the strong linear relationship between femur length and crown-heel length.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1984

Percutaneous biopsy and drainage procedures in the abdomen using a modified coaxial technique.

A modified coaxial technique for biopsy and drainage procedures in the abdomen is described. This technique involves initial placement of a 23-gauge needle into an abdominal organ or mass. Once proper position is obtained, the hub of the needle is removed and a 19-gauge or larger needle is placed over the 23-gauge needle. Through this larger needle, either multiple biopsies are performed or guidewire exchange for a larger catheter is accomplished. The technique was used in performance of seven biopsy procedures, one biliary drainage procedure, and three nephrostomies.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1993

Fine-needle biopsy: prospective comparison of aspiration versus nonaspiration techniques in the abdomen.

A prospective study was designed to compare the aspiration (suction method) and nonaspiration (nonsuction method) techniques of fine-needle biopsy (FNB) in 50 consecutive patients with abdominal pathologic conditions. Sites of biopsy included liver (n = 24), retroperitoneum (n = 9), adrenal gland (n = 5), pancreas (n = 4), omentum (n = 4), and miscellaneous sites (n = 4). Aspiration and nonaspiration FNBs were performed in each lesion with 22-gauge needles, and results were interpreted by a single cytopathologist. Cytologic specimens obtained with each technique were analyzed for diagnostic accuracy, total number of cell clusters per biopsy (graded 0-10, 10-20, 20-30, and > 30), presence of crush artifact, and amount of blood present (graded from 0 to +3). No significant differences were seen between the aspiration and nonaspiration techniques with regard to number of cell clusters per biopsy (44 of 50 specimens vs 42 of 50) (P < .0003), amount of blood present (grade 2.3 vs 2.2) (P < .0003), and amount of crush artifact. The positive predictive value for the aspiration technique was 91.5% versus 74% for the nonaspiration technique. The aspiration technique of FNB appears superior to the nonaspiration technique in the abdomen.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1993

Waldenström macroglobulinemia: MR imaging of the spine and CT of the abdomen and pelvis.

Twenty-three consecutive patients with Waldenström macroglobulinemia were studied with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the spine and computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen and pelvis. MR imaging studies included sagittal T1-weighted and gradient-recalled-echo sequences performed with and without contrast material enhancement. Marrow involvement was identified with MR imaging in 21 of 23 (91%) patients. Diffuse involvement was noted in 13 patients (56%), and a variegated pattern in eight (35%). CT demonstrated enlarged nodes in 10 of 23 (43%) patients. Correlation of MR imaging patterns and presence of adenopathy at CT with standard laboratory values for Waldenström macroglobulinemia revealed an association of the diffuse MR imaging pattern of marrow involvement and the presence of enlarged nodes at CT with more advanced disease. MR imaging of the spine and CT are reliable means of evaluation of disease status in Waldenström macroglobulinemia. They may be employed as additional means in the staging of Waldenström macroglobulinemia and may be helpful in the follow-up of patients with this rare hematologic malignancy.

Abdomen↗