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At least 811 records · Page 45Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Is the EEG really normal in lacunar stroke?

Electroencephalograms of 12 patients with a recent lacunar infarct, 12 patients with a recent cortical infarct and 12 control patients were studied without previous information about the clinical features and the corresponding CT scan findings. EEG assessment included both visual and computerised analysis, in both the eyes closed and the eyes open condition. The specificity and the sensitivity of the EEG in the diagnosis of lacunar infarction in this study were both 0.8 (95% confidence limits 0.5-1). The positive predictive value of diagnosing a lacunar infarct on the basis of the EEG was 0.7 (95% confidence limits 0.4-0.9). The chance-corrected coefficient of agreement (kappa) between CT scanning and EEG was 0.75. Thus, in contrast to the results of previous studies, most EEGs of patients with recent lacunar infarction show rather specific abnormalities.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the brain in normal preterm and term infants, and early changes after perinatal hypoxia-ischemia.

The aims of this study were 1) to define normal perinatal maturational changes in proton metabolite peak-area ratios in two regions of the neonatal brain, the thalamic and occipitoparietal regions, and 2) to investigate abnormalities of these ratios after perinatal hypoxia-ischemia. Fifty-four infants were studied: 35 normal control infants at 31-42 wk of gestational plus postnatal age, and 19 "asphyxiated" infants suspected of cerebral hypoxic-ischemic injury. Proton spectra were collected at 2.4 tesla from (2 cm)3 voxels using the point-resolved spectroscopy technique with a 270-ms echo time. Lactate was detected in all infants studied. In the normal infants, lactate relative to N-acetylaspartate (NAA), choline and creatine was significantly greater in the occipitoparietal region than in the thalamus, and fell with increasing maturity in both regions, whereas NAA/ choline increased. The 19 asphyxiated infants were studied on a total of 34 occasions during the 1st wk of life (median age 1.8 d), at gestational plus postnatal ages of 27-41 wk. Maximum lactate/NAA was above 95% confidence limits for the control data in one or both regions in 11 of the 19 infants. Minimum NAA/choline was below 95% confidence limits in only one asphyxiated infants, who was later found to have congenital hypothyroidism. SD scores for lactate, relative to NAA, choline, and creatine, were higher in both regions in the asphyxiated infants compared with the normal infants, particularly in the thalamus. Early results of 1-y follow-up examinations indicate that raised lactate/NAA carries a poor long-term prognosis.

Asphyxia Neonatorum↗
PubMed1986

Methods to assess relative reliability of diet records: minimum records for monitoring lipid and caloric intake.

A total of 252 diet records of 18 outpatients attending a lipid clinic were analyzed by a computer-assisted method to determine the minimum number of daily diet records that would be reliable for monitoring dietary adherence. Each subject recorded food intake in special diaries for 14 consecutive days between two clinic visits. All possible randomly selected combinations of 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, and 11 consecutive days of records in the 14-day period were analyzed for calories and lipids. Sets of records were said to be within a 95% confidence interval when the information yielded on any parameter differed by 5% or less from the mean values for the entire 14 days' records. All sets of records for 7, 9, and 11 days were in the 95% confidence range; therefore, 7 consecutive days of food recording were considered the minimum requirement for a 95% confidence limit. Out of 11 possible combinations of 4 consecutive day-sets of records, all but 3 sets were within 95% confidence limits. Consequently, 4 consecutive days of records were deemed acceptable as a reasonable compromise for minimal, reliable monitoring of diet compliance in outpatients for the nutrients studied.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Evaluation of linkage of breast cancer to the putative BRCA3 locus on chromosome 13q21 in 128 multiple case families from the Breast Cancer Linkage Consortium.

The known susceptibility genes for breast cancer, including BRCA1 and BRCA2, only account for a minority of the familial aggregation of the disease. A recent study of 77 multiple case breast cancer families from Scandinavia found evidence of linkage between the disease and polymorphic markers on chromosome 13q21. We have evaluated the contribution of this candidate "BRCA3" locus to breast cancer susceptibility in 128 high-risk breast cancer families of Western European ancestry with no identified BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations. No evidence of linkage was found. The estimated proportion (alpha) of families linked to a susceptibility locus at D13S1308, the location estimated by Kainu et al. [(2000) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97, 9603-9608], was 0 (upper 95% confidence limit 0.13). Adjustment for possible bias due to selection of families on the basis of linkage evidence at BRCA2 did not materially alter this result (alpha = 0, upper 95% confidence limit 0.18). The proportion of linked families reported by Kainu et al. (0.65) is excluded with a high degree of confidence in our dataset [heterogeneity logarithm of odds (HLOD) at alpha = 0.65 was -11.0]. We conclude that, if a susceptibility gene does exist at this locus, it can only account for a small proportion of non-BRCA1/2 families with multiple cases of early-onset breast cancer.

Australia↗
PubMed1992

Pilot study of escalating doses of carboplatin and cyclophosphamide in patients with advanced cancer.

In all, 18 patients with histologically proven advanced cancer received 400 mg/m2 carboplatin (CBDCA) plus 800 mg/m2 cyclophosphamide (level 1), and 14 others received 550 mg/m2 CBDCA plus 1100 mg/m2 cyclophosphamide (level 2). A maximum of six cycles was given if a response occurred. The dose-limiting toxicity was myelosuppression, with neutropenia being more marked than thrombocytopenia. At level 2, patients experiencing a febrile-neutropenic event showed a mean 24-h urinary creatinine clearance value of 1.1 ml/s (95% confidence limits 0.8-1.4 ml/s), whereas in those who remained afebrile it was 1.7 ml/s (95% confidence limits, 1.3-2.0 ml/s). This difference was significant (P less than 0.01). Other toxicities were only mild. Creatinine clearance is a predictor of febrile episodes after treatment with high doses of CBDCA and cyclophosphamide. We are now conducting a study using human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor to reduce the incidence of neutropenia with escalating doses of these drugs in an attempt to prevent febrile events.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Serum vitamin E, serum selenium and the risk of gastrointestinal cancer.

The association between levels of alpha-tocopherol and selenium in serum and subsequent risk of gastrointestinal cancer was investigated in a longitudinal study based on 36,265 Finnish men and women, aged 15-99 and initially free of cancer. Serum alpha-tocopherol and serum selenium levels at entry into the study were measured from stored serum samples of 150 incident gastrointestinal cancer cases diagnosed during a follow-up of 6-10 years and for 276 controls who were matched for sex, age and place of residence. Subjects with a low level of alpha-tocopherol or selenium had an elevated subsequent risk of cancer of the upper gastrointestinal tract. This association persisted among men after adjustment for various confounding factors and after the exclusion of those with cancer diagnosed during the first 2 years of follow-up. The relative risk of cancer of the upper gastrointestinal tract among men who fell in the lowest quintile of serum selenium was 3.3 (95% confidence limits, 1.3 and 9.1) while among those who fell in the 3 lowest quintiles of alpha-tocopherol it was 2.2 (95% confidence limits 0.9 and 5.6) compared with those in the higher quintiles. Serum levels of selenium or alpha-tocopherol in general were not inversely associated with colorectal cancer risk. These findings indicate that high selenium intake and possibly also high vitamin E intake, especially among men, may provide protection against cancer of the upper gastrointestinal tract but not against colorectal cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

Evaluation of the benchmark dose method for dichotomous data: model dependence and model selection.

The benchmark dose (BMD) method was evaluated using the USEPA BMD software. Dose-response data on cleft palate and hydronephrosis for a number of related polyhalogenated aromatic compounds were obtained from the literature. According to chi(2) test statistics, each dichotomous USEPA model failed to adequately describe only 1 of 12 cleft palate data sets. For hydronephrosis, the models were discriminated to a higher extent according to global goodness-of-fit. NOAELs for cleft palate corresponded to BMDLs (the approximate lower confidence limit on the BMD) for extra risks in the range of 5% or below. Model dependence of the BMDL estimate was more pronounced at lower levels of benchmark response (BMR). A BMR of 5% (extra risk) is recommended for cleft palate since model differences at this level were limited for all data. In addition, at BMRs of 5-10% the BMDL for all models was little affected by the specified confidence limit size (in the 90-99% range). For BMDL determination a conservative model selection approach was applied. At the suggested level of BMR (5%) this procedure resulted in use of the same model (multistage model) for the cleft palate endpoint in general. Akaike's information criterion (AIC) was considered for comparison between models. Determination of appropriateness of use of such methods in dose-response applications requires further analysis.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1992

Incidence of developmental defects at the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL).

Bioassay data from Teratology, Vol. 1 (1968) through Vol. 40 (1990), were utilized which were sufficient to establish no observed adverse effect levels (NOAEL's) for 120 experiments on 93 developmental toxicants in animals. The observed incidence (risk) at the NOAEL was calculated as the proportion of affected fetuses minus the proportion affected in the control animals. This calculation did not require any dose-response modeling. Data were primarily from experiments on rats and mice with a few studies on rabbits and hamsters. There did not appear to be differences in risks at the NOAEL among these four species. For each experiment, the risk at the NOAEL was tabulated for all of the adverse effects which shared the same NOAEL. Since the observed risk at the NOAEL for either dead/resorbed or abnormal fetuses exceeded 1% in about one-fourth of the cases, this suggests that a benchmark dose with a risk on this order would eliminate the higher risks and serve as a basis for establishing reference doses. If the lower confidence limit on a benchmark dose is used in place of the NOAEL, better experimental designs with more animals would result in tighter confidence limits, giving larger (less stringent) reference doses than poorer experiments.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1995

Is cimetidine associated with neutropenia?

BACKGROUND: Cimetidine is perceived as sufficiently safe that it is being considered for over-the-counter use. However, because of residual concerns about cimetidine-induced neutropenia, a study was conducted to evaluate this association. METHODS: A population-based, case-control study was undertaken using a large database with Medicaid data from six states. Cases were defined as patients hospitalized with a discharge diagnosis of neutropenia. Medical records were sought to validate the diagnoses of neutropenia and to characterize the severity of disease. Four controls were randomly selected for each case, matched for age, sex, state, and year of diagnosis. The frequency of exposures to cimetidine in the 30 days prior to hospital admission in the cases was compared to that in the identical time periods in the controls. RESULTS: When investigators simultaneously controlled for multiple, potentially confounding variables by using conditional logistic regression, the odds ratio associated with the use of cimetidine was 1.2 (P = 0.33), with a one-sided upper 95% confidence limit of 2.6 for all patients over 20 years of age, and 0.6 (P = 0.30) with a one-sided upper 95% confidence limit of 3.1 for validated cases over 12 years of age. Neither a dose-response relationship was evident (P = 0.899 and P = 0.716, respectively, when excluding the nonusers, or P = 0.245 and P = 0.215, respectively, when including the nonusers). From these data, one can exclude the occurrence of hospitalization with neutropenia or agranulocytosis due to cimetidine occurring more often than once in every 116,000 patients and once in every 573,000 patients receiving a 6-week course of the drug, respectively. CONCLUSION: If there is an association between cimetidine and neutropenia, it appears to be very small.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Characteristics and outcome among patients suffering from in hospital cardiac arrest in relation to the interval between collapse and start of CPR.

AIM: To describe survival after in-hospital cardiac arrest in relation to the interval between collapse and start of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). PATIENTS: All patients suffering in-hospital cardiac arrest in Sahlgrenska University Hospital in Göteborg, Sweden between 1994 and 1999 in whom resuscitative efforts were attempted and for whom the interval between collapse and start of CPR was known. METHODS: Prospective recording of various factors at resuscitation including the interval between collapse and start of CPR. Retrospective evaluation via medical records of patients' previous history, clinical situation prior to cardiac arrest and final outcome. RESULTS: Survival to discharge was 33% among the 344 patients in whom CPR was started within the first minute as compared with 14% among the 88 patients in whom CPR started more than 1 min after collapse (P=0.008). The corresponding figures for patients found in ventricular fibrillation was 50 versus 32% (NS); for patients found in pulseless electrical activity 9 versus 3% (NS) and for patients found in asystole 19 versus 0% (NS). Correcting for dissimililarties in the previous history and factors at resuscitation, the adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence limits for being discharged from hospital when CPR was started within 1 min compared with a later start was 3.06 with 95% confidence limits of 1.59-6.31. CONCLUSION: Among patients with in-hospital cardiac arrest in whom the interval between collapse and start of CPR was known, we found that in 80% of the cases CPR was started within the first minute after collapse. Among these patients, survival to discharge was twice that of patients in whom CPR was started later. These results highlight the importance of immediate CPR after in-hospital cardiac arrest.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Clinical findings in female genital schistosomiasis in Madagascar.

To assess the morbidity of S. haematobium infection in women of reproductive age (15-49 years) in the western part of Madagascar, the village of Betalatala with a prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis in women of 75.6% (95% confidence limit 69.3 to 81.9%) was compared with a neighbouring village with similar socio-economic characteristics and a prevalence of 5.0% (95% confidence limit 0 to 11.75%). The women were questioned in Malagasy about obstetrical history and urogynecological symptoms. They were examined gynaecologically, parasitologically and by ultrasonography. Important STDs were excluded by appropriate diagnostics. In Betalatala significantly more women reported a history of spontaneous abortion (P < 0.01), complaints of irregular menstruation (P < 0.001), pelvic pain (<0.05), vaginal discharge (P < 0.0001), dysuria (P < 0.05) and haematuria (P < 0.01) than in the control village. Biopsies were obtained from the cervix of 36 women with macroscopical lesions, and in 12 cases S. haematobium eggs were found by histological sectioning (33.3%). In the control village no eggs were detected in the histological sections of biopsies taken from 14 women. (P < 0.05). Infections with Candida albicans, Trichomonas vaginalis, Gardnerella vaginalis and Treponema pallidum were found in similar frequencies in both villages. In 9.8% of the women in Betalatala abnormalities of the upper reproductive tract were revealed by ultrasonography versus none in the women from the control village (P < 0.05). Echographic abnormalities of the urinary tract were present in 24% and 3% of the women in the study village and in the control village, respectively (P < 0.0001). These findings were accompanied by an elevated frequency of haematuria (55% versus 20%) and proteinuria (70.4% versus 25%) in the study population (P < 0.0001). Our study indicates that S. haematobium infection in women may not only cause symptoms in the urinary tract, but also frequently in the lower and upper reproductive tract.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed2002

Influence of temperature and dissolved oxygen on the acute toxicity of profenofos to fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas).

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of temperature and dissolved oxygen levels on the acute toxicity of profenofos to fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas). Exposure conditions were as follows: normal temperature and normal dissolved oxygen (NTNO; 20 +/- 2 degrees C and 6.0-9.0 mg/L, respectively); normal temperature and low dissolved oxygen (NTLO; 20 +/- 2 degrees C and 1.7-2.6 mg/L, respectively); high temperature and normal dissolved oxygen (HTNO; 30 +/- 2 degrees C and 6.6-6.9 mg/L, respectively); high temperature and low dissolved oxygen (HTLO; 30 +/- 2 degrees C and 1.5-3.0 mg/L, respectively). Initial 96-h acute toxicity studies with profenofos were conducted at NTNO and HTLO exposure conditions. The 96-h LC50 at NTNO was 333 micrograms/L with 95% confidence limits ranging from 244 to 558 micrograms/L. However, the 96-h LC50 at HTLO was significantly lower at 21.5 micrograms/L with 95% confidence limits ranging from 17.4 to 28.8 micrograms/L. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was measured in the head and torso of surviving fish at 96-h. A weak dose-related decrease in AChE was observed at NTNO but no dose-response relationship was observed at HTLO exposure condition. Additional experiments were conducted using 50 micrograms/L profenofos at NTNO, NTLO, HTNO, and HTLO exposure conditions. Mortality, sublethal effects (erratic and hyperactive swimming), and AChE activity in the head and torso were measured at 2, 4, and 12-h following exposure to profenofos. No mortality or significant sublethal effects were observed in controls or profenofos-treated groups in NTNO and NTLO exposure conditions. However, significant mortality and sublethal effects were observed in profenofos-treated fish in HTNO at 12 h and at all time points in HTLO. Both high temperature and low dissolved oxygen, as well as combinations of high temperature and low dissolved oxygen significantly decreased AChE activity in control fish. Exposure to 50 micrograms/L profenofos in all exposure conditions further decreased AChE activity, but no apparent correlations between mortality and AChE activity were observed. These results suggest that the acute toxicity of profenofos to fathead minnows may be exacerbated during summer conditions in southern U.S. aquatic ecosystems.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed2000

Low estimates of HIV seroconversions among clients of a drug treatment clinic in San Francisco, 1995 to 1998.

We estimated HIV incidence among injection drug users attending a drug treatment clinic in San Francisco from 1995 to 1998 using two methods. An anonymous sequential testing method identified no seroconversions among clients seen more than once during the period (one-sided upper 95% confidence limit 1.02 per 100 person-years). A sensitive/less sensitive immunoassay testing strategy detected no early infections (one-sided upper 95% confidence limit 1.90% per year). Methods were concordant and feasible in the setting. Although detection of no new HIV infections in this population of injection drug users (IDUs) is encouraging, epidemiologic studies among IDUs not in treatment are needed to monitor the HIV epidemic effectively.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Accuracy of two ear oximeters at rest and during exercise in pulmonary patients.

The accuracy of 2 ear oximeters (Hewlett-Packard 47201A and Biox IIA) was evaluated at rest and during exercise in 116 pulmonary patients. Ear oximetry measurements were compared with arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) measured from simultaneous arterial blood samples. When used according to the manufacturer's instructions for stabilization during exercise testing, both oximeters demonstrated comparable accuracy in estimating arterial blood SaO2 both at rest and during exercise in these patients (95% confidence limits, 2 SEE = +/- 4 to 5%). The oximeters were more accurate in measuring a change in SaO2 from a previous reading (95% confidence limits, 2 SEE = +/- 2.5 to 3.5%). COHgb levels greater than 4% and dark skin pigmentation appeared to decrease the accuracy of ear oximetry measurements. Within the limitations of accuracy, both ear oximeters may be useful for clinical exercise testing in pulmonary patients.

Arteries↗
PubMed1991

Improving agreement between thoracic bioimpedance and dye dilution cardiac output estimation in children.

The measurement of thoracic electrical bioimpedance (TEB) offers a continuous, non-invasive method for monitoring cardiac output (CO). For clinical use, agreement with a current standard should be demonstrated. We describe a modification to the manufacturer's suggested data entry into the NCCOM3-R6 TEB monitor (BoMed Medical Manufacturing), which results in improved agreement with indocyanine green dye dilution (DD) CO estimation in paediatric patients. The manufacturer's instructions for the NCCOM3-R6 include an estimation of the volume of electrically participating thoracic tissue (VEPT) based on body weight. We also estimated the VEPT from direct anatomical measurement of thoracic length and circumference. The mean difference between paired DD and TEB CO using the manufacturer's weight-based instructions was 0.69 l/min with 95% confidence limits 2.34 to -0.96 l/min. The mean difference between the two CO techniques using our calculated VEPT was 0.35 l/min with 95% confidence limits 1.50 to -0.80 l/min. The linear regression correlation coefficient between the two techniques was 0.88 using VEPT estimated from the manufacturer's instructions and 0.94 using our calculated VEPT from measurement of thoracic dimensions. The range of DD CO was 0.41 to 8.35 l/min.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Epirubicin cardiotoxicity: a study of 135 patients with advanced breast cancer.

The cardiotoxicity of epirubicin (EPI) was evaluated clinically, radiologically, with ECG, and with multiple ECG-gated radionuclide determination of the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) during rest in 135 patients with advanced breast cancer. The EPI doses were 60 mg/m2 on days 1 and 8 every 4 weeks or 45 mg/m2 plus vindesine 3 mg/m2 on the same schedule. The median cumulative dose of EPI was 500 mg/m2 (range, 47 to 1,563). Eight of the 135 patients developed congestive heart failure (CHF). Of 67 patients treated with EPI less than 500 mg/m2, none developed CHF. Among 48 patients treated with doses between 500 and 1,000 mg/m2, one had CHF (2%; 95% confidence limits, 0.1 to 11.1). Among 20 patients who received EPI from 1,000 to 1,563 mg/m2, seven developed CHF (35%; 95% confidence limits, 15.4 to 59.2). Four patients died due to cardiotoxicity. The risk of EPI cardiotoxicity at the present schedule is considerable at doses above 1,000 mg/m2. At doses between 500 and 1,000 mg/m2 the risk of CHF decreases, and at doses below 500 mg/m2, it is negligible. For all patients, the prevalence of CHF was 6% and the sensitivity of LVEF high (95%), mainly due to the low incidence of CHF. Among the 20 patients who received EPI at more than 1,000 mg/m2, the prevalence of CHF was 35% and the sensitivity only 64%. The specificity was maximally 62%. Our results suggest that LVEF is of no value as a predictor for CHF.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Revision total hip arthroplasty without cement: subsidence of proximally porous-coated femoral components.

We prospectively studied the intermediate-term results of forty-nine revision total hip arthroplasties without cement that were performed because of aseptic loosening of a cemented femoral component in forty-five consecutive patients; the mean duration of follow-up was sixty-five months (range, forty-five to eighty-seven months). A curved, long-stem, titanium-alloy, non-circumferentially porous-coated femoral component was implanted in each hip. Preoperatively, a staging system was used to classify deficiencies of femoral bone stock according to the loss of cancellous or cortical bone in the metaphysis and diaphysis. Forty-one hips (84 per cent) had cortical or ectatic cavitary bone loss in the metaphysis. The mean Harris hip score significantly improved from 54 points preoperatively to 84 points at the time of the latest follow-up examination (p < 0.001). Twenty-seven patients (twenty-eight hips; 57 per cent) had at least two millimeters of subsidence of the femoral component during the first postoperative year. Eight patients (eight hips; 16 per cent) had no further progression of subsidence. Twenty-one patients (twenty-two hips; 45 per cent) had at least two millimeters of subsidence on two separate postoperative evaluations and therefore were considered to have progressive subsidence. Seventeen patients (nineteen hips; 39 per cent) had no measurable subsidence and were considered to have a stable femoral component. One of these seventeen patients had had a bilateral femoral revision and had progressive subsidence on one side. There was a positive trend for an association between subsidence and the degree of preoperative femoral bone deficiency (p = 0.10), but there was no association between subsidence and the fit of the prosthesis in the metaphysis and diaphysis or the fill of the canal of the femur (p > 0.50). There was no significant loss of bone in the hips with either a stable or a subsided femoral component (p > 0.50), and qualitative reconstitution of the cortex was noted in eleven (52 per cent) of the twenty-one most severely deficient (stage-III) femora. Survivorship analysis showed that, at seventy-two months, there was a 96 per cent chance of survival of the component (95 per cent confidence limits, 0.89 to 1.0) with revision as the end point but only a 37 per cent chance of survival (95 per cent confidence limits, 0.15 to 0.59) with revision or progressive subsidence as the end point.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Bone Cements↗
PubMed2002

Bioavailability of two metamizole (dipyrone) solutions as single doses of 2 g versus metamizole capsules.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the extent and the rate of absorption of metamizole, appearing in blood as methylaminoantipyrine (MAA), from a new oral solution and a parenteral solution administered by the oral route relative to capsules. METHODS: An open, randomized, 3 single-dose (2 g metamizole), crossover study with intervals of 7 days between periods was performed in 19 male and female healthy volunteers (age 22 - 45 years, body weight 49 - 88 kg, body height 156 - 189 cm). Metamizole metabolites were measured with an HPLC technique. The test formulations were considered bioequivalent with the reference formulation if the 90% confidence limits of the AUC0-->infinity and Cmax ratios and the tmax differences were within the range of 80 - 125%. RESULTS: The 90% confidence limits of the comparisons between capsules (reference) and oral solution, capsules (reference) and ampoules, and ampoules (reference) and oral solution were 98.5 - 117.8, 99.5 - 132.6 and 81.3 - 105.8 for AUC0-->infinity 98.7 - 119, 101.7 to 129.2, and 82.1 - 104.8 for Cmax, and 84.4 to 115.6, 100 - 105.6 and 70.3 - 100 for tmax, respectively. CONCLUSION: The oral solution was bioequivalent to capsules with regard both to the extent and the rate of MAA absorption. Metamizole as oral solution was bioequivalent to reference ampoules in the extent of MAA absorption, but absorption rate was faster. Ampoules showed a higher MAA bioavailability than capsules.

Administration, Oral↗