Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Spinal Cord Compression”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 811 records · Page 45Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Spinal cord compression by extramedullary haematopoiesis in myelofibrosis.

A 50-year-old man with a 20-year history of myelofibrosis developed mild impairment of dorsal column sensation and ataxia of gait. A myelogram and subsequent peroperative biopsy demonstrated spinal cord compression due to extramedullary haematopoiesis. There was an excellent clinical response to surgery and radiotherapy. The characteristic clinical features and the pathogenesis of this unusual complication of myelofibrosis and extramedullary haematopoiesis are discussed.

Hematopoiesis↗
PubMed2001

Clinical efficacy of telemedicine in emergency radiotherapy for malignant spinal cord compression.

The authors developed a Telecommunication-HElped Radiotherapy Planning and Information SysTem (THERAPIST), then estimated its clinical benefit in radiotherapy in district hospitals where consultation with the university hospital was required. The system consists of a personal computer with an image scanner and a digital camera, set up in district hospitals and directly connected via ISDN to an image server, and a treatment planning device set up in a university hospital. Image data and consultative reports are sent to the server. Radiation oncologists at the university hospital determine a treatment schedule and verify actual treatment fields. From 1998 to 1999, 12 patients with malignant spinal cord compression (MSCC) were treated by emergency radiotherapy with the help of this system. Image quality, transmission time, and cost benefit also were satisfactory for clinical use. The mean time between the onset of symptoms and the start of radiotherapy was reduced significantly from 7.1 days to 0.8 days (P < .05) by the introduction of the system. Five of 6 nonambulant patients became ambulant after the introduction of THERAPIST compared with 2 of 8 before the introduction of THERAPIST. The treatment outcome was significantly better after the introduction of the system (P < .05), and suggested to be beyond the international standard. The telecommunication-helped radiotherapy and information system was useful in emergency radiotherapy in district hospitals for patients with MSCC for whom consultation with experienced radiation oncologists at a university hospital was required.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
PubMed2005

Effectiveness and toxicity of single-fraction radiotherapy with 1 x 8 Gy for metastatic spinal cord compression.

Toxicity and functional outcome were evaluated in 199 MSCC-patients irradiated with 1 x 8 Gy. Motor function improved in 54/199 patients (27%). Patients who regained walking ability were 20/78 (26%). Long-term-survivors (> or =12 months) who needed re-irradiation for in-field-recurrence were 19/65 (29%). Acute toxicity was mild, late toxicity not observed. A randomised trial comparing single-fraction RT to multi-fraction RT is mandatory.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Hereditary multiple exostoses. A rare cause of spinal cord compression.

A case of hereditary multiple exostoses (HME) with compression of the cervical cord, the cervical plexus, and the ulnar nerve is reported. Complete recovery following surgery was obtianed. Review of the literature revealed 21 previous cases of HME with cord compression. The cervical and thoracic areas are predominantly affected and the symptoms usually evolve slowly. Recovery after laminectomy is to be expected in the majority of the cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Magnetic resonance imaging in cervical spinal cord compression.

In patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy MRI sometimes shows increased signal intensity zones on the T2-weighted images. It has been suggested that these findings carry prognostic significance. We studied 56 subjects with cervical spinal cord compression. Twelve patients showed an increased signal intensity (21.4%) and a prevalence of narrowing of the AP-diameter (62% vs 24%). Furthermore, in this group, there was evidence of a longer mean duration of the symptoms and, in most of the patients, of more serious clinical conditions. The importance of these predisposing factors remains, however, to be clarified since they are also present in some patients without the increased signal intensity.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Surgical treatment of cervical stenotic myelopathy in horses: 73 cases (1983-1992).

Seventy-three horses with cervical stenotic myelopathy underwent cervical vertebral interbody fusion (n = 63) or dorsal laminectomy (n = 10). Neurologic function improved in 77% of horses, and 46% of horses achieved athletic function (racing, race training, or pleasure riding) after cervical vertebral interbody fusion for static and dynamic spinal cord compressive lesions. Neurologic status improved in 4 of 10 horses after dorsal decompression for static compressive spinal cord lesions. The duration of clinical signs prior to surgical intervention was shorter for horses that achieved athletic function or improved by at least 2 neurologic grades than for horses that did not improve in neurologic status or improved 1 neurologic grade after cervical vertebral interbody fusion. The number of cervical spinal cord compressive lesions and age of horses did not affect the long-term surgical outcome of cervical vertebral interbody fusion. Seroma formation, implant failure, right laryngeal hemiplegia, and colitis were nonfatal complications associated with cervical vertebral interbody fusion. Dorsal laminectomy and cervical vertebral interbody fusion of static compressive lesions of the caudal cervical vertebral column were associated with fatal postoperative complications, including vertebral body fracture, spinal cord edema, and implant failure.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis causing spinal cord compression.

Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) is a very rare condition of unknown etiology and most commonly occurs during childhood or adolescence. The purpose of this paper is to present a case of CRMO in a vertebral location with severe kyphosis, spinal cord compression, and neurological dysfunction requiring anterior decompression and fusion. After 12 weeks, the patient was physically able to return to school. At 2-year follow-up, neurological and functional outcomes are fair. Magnetic resonance imaging shows good restoration of the sagittal spine alignment despite residual mild kyphosis, and restoration of a normal sagittal diameter of the spinal canal.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Spinal cord compression in children with cancer].

Metastatic cord compression is a rare complication of malignant diseases in childhood. The most common causes are bone and soft tissue sarcomas, neuroblastoma, lymphoma and leukemia. The clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment and evolution of eight children with metastatic cord compression are presented. Diagnosis was based on computerized tomography that was pathological in all the cases, and confirmed by myelography in four patients. The cytological analysis of the cerebrospinal fluid was made in three patients being negative for tumoral cells in all of them. Treatment consisted on radiotherapy, chemotherapy and/or surgery depending on the tumor histology. Decompressive laminectomy was made in patients who did not show previous evidence of cancer. Functional prognosis was related with the degree of disablement at diagnosis and treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Spinal cord compression by a unifocal eosinophilic granuloma: a case report of an adult with unusual roentgenological features.

We describe an unusual case of unifocal eosinophilic granuloma of the spine in a 38-year-old woman who presented with spinal cord compression. After 2 years of back pain, x-ray films of the spine were normal, but computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a lytic lesion of the 1st lumbar vertebral body with cephalic extension in the epidural space. The lesion was later confirmed at operation to be an eosinophilic granuloma spreading into the surrounding tissues.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Spinal cord compression as a primary manifestation of aggressive malignant lymphomas: long-term analysis of treatments with radiotherapy, chemotherapy or combined therapy.

A controlled clinical trial evaluated the usefulness of three different therapeutic approaches in the treatment of spinal cord compression (SCC) as primary manifestation of malignant lymphoma with the following end-points: neurological function, event free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS). Forty-eight patients with SCC as unique manifestation (IE) of malignant lymphoma, were randomly assigned to receive either: radiotherapy (16 patients), chemotherapy (11 patients) or combined therapy (radiotherapy followed by chemotherapy, 21 patients). Although neurological recovery was similar in both groups, EFS and OS were better in the combined therapy arm. Actuarial curves at 10 years showed that EFS was 50% for patients treated with radiotherapy, 46% in the chemotherapy arm and 76% in the combined therapy group. Overall survival was 58, 38 and 76%, respectively, however because of the small number of patients, no statistical differences were observed. Although malignant lymphoma with SCC as primary manifestation could be considered as a localized disease, more patients could have microscopic disseminated disease. The use of combined therapy improves the outcome in this group of patients, and so it should be considered the treatment of choice.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed2000

Metastatic testicular cancer presenting as spinal cord compression: report of two cases.

BACKGROUND: Testicular cancers are heterogenous neoplasms often found in young adults. They tend to metastasize to the chest, retroperitoneum, or neck, but rarely to the long bones or skeleton. However, they can cause neurologic compromise and should be considered in young male patients who present with symptoms of a spine lesion and no known primary cancer. METHODS: Two patients presented with back pain and a rapid progression of lower extremity weakness. Both underwent radiographic workup and emergency surgery. Metastatic workup revealed testicular cancer and widespread metastases. RESULTS: Both patients improved neurologically after surgery, but neither regained the ability to ambulate independently. They both underwent chemotherapy. One patient is alive at 1 year follow-up; the other died 9 months after surgery of widespread metastases. CONCLUSIONS: Vertebral metastases from testicular tumors, although rare, should be considered in young men presenting with spinal cord compression. Work-up should include magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the spine and computed tomography (CT) of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis. Urgent intervention may be required, as these two cases show that loss of neurologic function can be rapid and permanent.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Amelioration of spinal cord compressive injury by pharmacological preconditioning with erythropoietin and a nonerythropoietic erythropoietin derivative.

OBJECT: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating clinical syndrome for which no truly efficacious therapy has yet been identified. In preclinical studies, erythropoietin (EPO) and its nonerythropoietic derivatives asialoEPO and carbamylated EPO have markedly improved functional outcome when administered after compressive SCI. However, an optimum treatment paradigm is currently unknown. Because the uninjured spinal cord expresses a high density of EPO receptor (EPOR) in the basal state, signaling through these existing receptors in advance of injury (pharmacological preconditioning) might confer neuroprotection and therefore be potentially useful in situations of anticipated damage. METHODS: The authors compared asialoEPO, a molecule that binds to the EPOR with high affinity but with a brief serum half-life (t1/2 < 2 minutes), to EPO to determine whether a single dose (10 microg/kg of body weight) administered by intravenous injection 24 hours before 1 minute of spinal cord compression provides benefit as determined by a 6-week assessment of neurological outcome and by histopathological analysis. Rats pretreated with asialoEPO or EPO and then subjected to a compressive injury exhibited improved motor function over 42 days, compared with animals treated with saline solution. However, pretreatment efficacy was substantially poorer than efficacy of treatment initiated at the time of injury. Serum samples drawn immediately before compression confirmed that no detectable asialoEPO remained within the systemic circulation. Western blot and immunohistochemical analyses performed using uninjured spinal cord 24 hours after a dose of asialoEPO exhibited a marked increase in glial fibrillary acidic protein, suggesting a glial response to EPO administration. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that EPO and its analog do not need to be present at the time of injury to provide tissue protection and that tissue protection is markedly effective when either agent is administered immediately after injury. Furthermore, the findings suggest that asialoEPO is a useful reagent with which to study the dynamics of EPO-mediated neuroprotection. In addition, the findings support the concept of using a nonerythropoietic EPO derivative to provide tissue protection without activating the undesirable effects of EPO.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2004

Brucellar spondylitis: a rare cause of spinal cord compression.

STUDY DESIGN: A case report. OBJECTIVES: To present and discuss some of the difficulties in the diagnosis of brucellar spondylitis. SETTING: Ankara University, Ibni Sina Hospital, Turkey. METHODS: We report a patient with paraplegia, misdiagnosed as having a malignancy or tuberculosis who actually suffered from brucellar spondylitis. Diagnosis was established by her history and a compatible clinical picture together with a standard tube agglutination (Wright test) titer of > or =1/160 of antibodies for brucellosis. The patient was treated with oral doxycycline, rifampicin, and ciprofloxacin combination. RESULTS: At the end of the treatment, the blood Brucella Wright and anti-human globulin T titer levels decreased. Her lower limb weakness improved. She could walk, and climb stairs with the help of a cane. Urinary retention and fecal incontinence also resolved. CONCLUSION: Brucellosis is a systemic infection involving the musculoskeletal and nervous systems. Spondylitis frequently occurs in elderly patients. An early diagnosis of brucellar spondylitis can often be difficult. In endemic regions, as in the case of our country, brucellar spondylitis should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of older patients with back pain and constitutional symptoms. An early diagnosis will help to prevent the development of more severe complications such as spinal cord compression.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Spinal cord compression due to an aspergilloma.

Aspergilloma is a common complication of cystic lung disease; it is widely considered to be a saprophytic colonization and local or disseminated invasion is unusual. We describe a patient with stage IV sarcoidosis and bilateral aspergillomas in whom locally invasive disease led to spinal cord compression.

Adolescent↗