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At least 811 records · Page 45Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Effect of disodium cromoglycate and Picrorhiza kurroa root powder on sensitivity of guinea pigs to histamine and sympathomimetic amines.

Four weeks pretreatment with disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) and the powdered roots of the herb Picrorhiza kurroa, Benth, rendered guinea pigs less sensitive to histamine when compared with appropriate controls. The bronchodilator effects of isoprenaline and adrenaline were found to be markedly enhanced. The severity and duration of the allergic bronchospasm was significantly less in animals pretreated with the two drugs. Furthermore, the total histamine content of the lung tissue in animals pretreated with DSCG and P. kurroa was significantly less than that in the untreated controls. The pretreatment was also found to exhibit inhibitory effect on the immunological release of histamine and SRS-A from chopped lungs.

Airway Resistance↗
PubMed1979

Release of slow-reacting substance from anaphylactic lung tissue and its modification by beta-sympathomimetics.

Anaphylactic release of slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRS-A) from chopped guinea pig lung was studied. The antibodies mediating the anaphylactic reaction were classified as IgG antibodies by PCA technique. Isoprenaline was found to inhibit the release of SRS-A in the concentration range 10-8-10-6M, while the beta2-selective agonist terbutaline showed inhibition in the concentration range 10-6-10-5M. The beta1-selective beta-agonist tazolol was ineffective when tested in the concentration range 10-7-10-5M. The rank order of inhibitory potency of the compounds on SRS-A release agree with that for histamine release.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Bucindolol displays intrinsic sympathomimetic activity in human myocardium.

BACKGROUND: Most clinical studies have shown that beta-adrenergic receptor antagonists improve long-term survival in heart failure patients. Bucindolol, a nonselective beta-receptor blocker, however, failed to reduce heart failure mortality in a recent large clinical trial. The reasons for this failure are not known. Bucindolol has partial agonist properties in rat myocardium, but whether it has agonist activity in human heart is controversial. To address this, we measured the ability of bucindolol to increase cAMP accumulation in human myocardium. METHODS AND RESULTS: Myocardial strips ( approximately 1 mm(3)) obtained from rat and nonfailing human hearts were confirmed to be viable for > or = 48 hours in normoxic tissue culture by MTT assay and histology. Freshly isolated strips were exposed to beta-adrenergic antagonists and agonists and assayed for cAMP. In both rat and human strips, the full beta-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol raised cAMP levels by >2.5-fold at 15 minutes. Carvedilol and propranolol had no effect on basal cAMP levels, whereas metoprolol reduced basal cAMP by approximately 25%. In contrast, bucindolol and xamoterol increased cAMP levels in a concentration-dependent manner in both rat and human myocardium (maximum 1.64+/-0.25-fold and 2.00+/-0.27-fold over control, respectively, P<0.01 for human tissue). CONCLUSIONS: Bucindolol exhibits approximately 60% of the beta-adrenergic agonist activity of xamoterol in normal human myocardial tissue.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗