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At least 811 records · Page 45Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Homoeologous loci control the accumulation of seed glucosinolates in oilseed rape (Brassica napus).

The genetic control of seed glucosinolate content in oilseed rape was investigated using two intervarietal backcross populations. Four QTLs segregating in the population derived from a Brassica napus L. 'Victor' x Brassica napus L. 'Tapidor' cross, together accounting for 76% of the phenotypic variation, were mapped. Three of these loci also appeared to control the accumulation of seed glucosinolates in a Brassica napus L. 'Bienvenu' x 'Tapidor' cross, and accounted for 86% of the phenotypic variation. The three QTLs common to both populations mapped to homoeologous regions of the B. napus genome, suggesting that seed glucosinolate accumulation is controlled by duplicate genes. It was possible to extend the comparative analysis of QTLs controlling seed glucosinolate accumulation by aligning the published genetic maps generated by several research groups. This comparative mapping demonstrated that high-glucosinolate varieties often carry low-glucosinolate alleles at one or more of the loci controlling seed glucosinolate accumulation.

Brassica napus↗
PubMed2003

Identification of oilseed rape (Brassica napus) pollen profilin as a cross-reactive allergen.

BACKGROUND: Major allergens of oilseed rape (OSR) pollen with molecular weights of 6/8, 14 and between 27 and 69 kD have been described. The aim of the present study was to further characterize the 14-kD allergen. METHODS: The 14-kD protein was purified from OSR pollen extracts by poly-(L-proline) (PLP)-Sepharose affinity chromatography and characterized immunologically by means of allergic patients' IgE antibodies, profilin-specific rabbit antisera, Western blot and ELISA inhibition using recombinant birch profilin (rBet v 2), and skin prick testing. RESULTS: By PLP affinity chromatography, OSR pollen profilin was purified as a single protein of 14.5 kD and further identified as a profilin by three polyclonal rabbit antisera raised against ragweed and tobacco pollen profilin and the C-terminus of birch profilin. IgE binding of a human serum pool (n = 15) and four profilin-reactive sera to nitrocellulose-blotted OSR profilin was completely inhibited by 1 microg/ml rBet v 2 (birch profilin). Reciprocal ELISA inhibition using increasing concentrations of rBet v 2 and purified OSR profilin, respectively, showed that rBet v 2 strongly inhibits antibody binding to OSR profilin, whereas almost 100 times the amount of OSR profilin was needed to inhibit IgE binding to rBet v 2. Skin prick tests were positive (wheal >/=3 mm) with 5 microg/ml rBet v 2 in all three patients tested, and with OSR profilin in two patients at a concentration of 50 microg/ml. CONCLUSIONS: OSR pollen profilin shares IgE and IgG epitopes with Bet v 2 and other plant profilins and may represent a potentially relevant allergen for profilin-sensitized patients.

Blotting, Western↗
PubMed1984

Same-sex rape of nonincarcerated men.

Psychiatric evaluations of nonincarcerated adult male victims of same-sex rape have been reported infrequently in the literature. In their work with a population of military men, the authors reviewed the psychiatric evaluations of 13 such victims, ages 18 to 31, over a 2-year period. Most of the men reported mood disturbances (e.g., fear, depression, anger), somatic disturbances (e.g., in sleep, appetite, digestion), and difficulties in peer relationships following the assault, and almost half of these victims reported that they had experienced subsequent sexual problems.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Inhibition of the glucose-6-phosphate transporter in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) plastids by acyl-CoA thioesters reduces fatty acid synthesis.

Addition of oleoyl-CoA (1 microM), or other acyl-CoA thioesters with a chain length of C(16) or greater, to oilseed rape plastids (Brassica napus L.) inhibited the rate of D-glucose 6-phosphate (Glc6P) uptake by 70% after 2 min. The IC(50) value for oleoyl-CoA inhibition of the transporter was approx. 0.2-0.3 microM. Inhibition was alleviated by the addition of acyl-CoA binding protein (ACBP) or BSA at slightly higher concentrations. Oleic acid (5-25 microM), Tween 40 (10 microM), Triton-X 100 (10 microM) and palmitoylcarnitine (5 microM) had no effect on Glc6P uptake. The uptake of [1-(14)C]Glc6P occurred in exchange for P(i), 3-phosphoglycerate or Glc6P at a typical rate of 30 nmol Glc6P/min per unit of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NADP(+)). The K(m(app)) of the Glc6P transporter for Glc6P was 100 microM. Neither CoA (0.3 mM) nor ATP (3 mM) inhibited Glc6P uptake, but the transporter was inhibited by 72% when ATP and CoA were added together. This inhibition was attributable to the synthesis of acyl-CoA thioesters, predominantly oleoyl-CoA and palmitoyl-CoA, by long-chain fatty acid-CoA ligase (EC 6.2.1.3) from endogenous fatty acids in the plastid preparations. Acyl-CoA thioesters did not inhibit the uptake of [2-(14)C]pyruvate or D-[1-(14)C]glucose into plastids. In vivo quantities of oleoyl-CoA and other long-chain acyl-CoA thioesters were lower than those for ACBP in early cotyledonary embryos, 0.7+/-0.2 pmol/embryo and 2.2+/-0.2 pmol/embryo respectively, but in late cotyledonary embryos quantities of long-chain acyl-CoA thioesters were greater than ACBP, 3+/-0.4 pmol/embryo and 1.9+/-0.2 pmol/embryo respectively.

Acyl Coenzyme A↗
PubMed2000

The role of plastidial transporters in developing embryos of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) for fatty acid synthesis.

The phosphoenolpyruvate transporter (PPT) is one of several important transporters for channelling carbon intermediates utilized for fatty acid synthesis and other plastidial pathways from the cytosol into the plastid. In this paper we show results on how the activity of the PPT changes between two important, physiologically different developmental stages of oilseed rape embryos.

Biological Transport↗
PubMed2000

Carbon supply for storage-product synthesis in developing seeds of oilseed rape.

The aim of this work was to find out how the sugars in the endosperm of oilseed rape contribute to the flux of oil synthesis. While the hexose content of the liquid endosperm decreased during development the sucrose content increased. It is important to understand the relative rates of use of the endosperm sugars for two reasons. Firstly we need to know which sugars are used, and at what stages in development, in order to understand the roles of enzymes involved in their metabolism. Secondly, changes in sugar concentration have been implicated in the regulation of expression of genes determining storage-product synthesis [see Weber, Borisjuk and Wobus (1997) Trends Plant Sci. 2, 169-174, for review]. The rate of consumption of sugar is one factor governing its concentration. We present data showing both the concentration-dependence of conversion of sugar to oil, and the in vivo concentrations of sugars; we relate these data sets to each other and discuss the effects of the intracellular pool of sucrose. Glucose, fructose and sucrose are all substrates for oil synthesis, but the rates of their use (particularly sucrose) are underestimated because of dilution by sucrose from the intracellular pool.

Brassica↗
PubMed2000

Expression and properties of diacylglycerol acyltransferase from cell-suspension cultures of oilseed rape.

The expression of diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT, EC 2.3.1.20) with predicted molecular mass of 56.9. kDa (BnDGAT1) was examined using microspore-derived cell suspension cultures of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L. cv Jet Neuf). As well, a recombinant histidine-tagged N-terminal fragment of BnDGAT1 [BnDGAT1((1-116))His(6)], which was relatively hydrophilic, was partially characterized. A temporal increase in DGAT activity occurred within a 24 h period following transfer of cells from 6% (w/v) sucrose to 14% (w/v) sucrose. Western blotting indicated that the abundance of BnDGAT1 protein was closely correlated with DGAT activity. BnDGAT1 mRNA also exhibited a temporal increase within the 24 h period following transfer of cells into higher sucrose concentrations, but the transcript level was not closely associated with DGAT activity as BnDGAT1 protein. The fragment BnDGAT1(1-116)His(6) interacted with [1-(14)C]oleoyl-CoA, suggesting that the N-terminal region of BnDGAT1 may have a role in binding cellular acyl-CoA.

Acyl Coenzyme A↗
PubMed2000

Sodium chloride effects on lipase activity in germinating rape seeds.

Seeds of rape (Brassica napus L.) were germinated at various NaCl concentrations up to 200 mM. Germinating levels, seedling growth, triacylglycerol mobilization and lipase activity were investigated. High salt concentrations resulted in retardation of seed germination. Seedling growth as measured by radicle length was severely reduced by NaCl doses higher than 50 mM. Moreover, the mobilization of storage oil in control rapeseed seedlings, started about 24 h after imbibition. As for germination and growth, elevated salt concentrations are found to delay triacylglycerol degradation. Experiments using triolein as substrate indicated clearly that lipase activity was inhibited by salt treatment.

Brassica↗
PubMed2002

[Relationship between rare earth accumulation and rape sclerotiniose].

Field plot experiment with long-term application of rare earth fertilizers showed that 0.5-10% of adsorption capactiy and 0.6 kg.hm-2 of rare earth application had no remarkable effect on natural incidence of rape sclerotiniose, ratio of diseased plants, natural disease index, expanding rate of diseased spots, yield of single plant, and 1000-seed weight.

Ascomycota↗
PubMed2004

Multivariate approach to evaluating the fatty acid composition of seed oil in a doubled haploid population of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.).

The fatty acid composition of oil of the zero erucic acid commercial Brassica napus L. is typical for this species. It is rich in oleic acid and contains moderate levels of linoleic and linolenic acid. For human nutrition, it is advantageous primarily to obtain the highest possible content of oleic acid and to maintain the 2:1 ratio of linoleic to linolenic acid, while preserving the average total content of saturated acids. Uni- and multivariate analyses of variance were used for evaluation of doubled haploid lines of winter oilseed rape in respect of five fatty acids: palmitic (C16:0), stearic (C18:0) oleic (C18:1), linoleic (C18:2) and linolenic (C18:3). Some proposals of studying doubled haploid (DH) lines with the use of canonical transformation were also given. In MANOVA, the five original variables (individual fatty acids) were replaced by three 'new' variables (combinations of these acids) and used to evaluate DH lines with respect to the requirements concerning the nutritional role of fatty acids. The first variable was the total content of the saturated acids (C16:0 + C18:0), the second (unchanging) was the content of the monounsaturated acid C18:1, and the third was the difference between polyunsaturated acids, i.e. between linoleic acid, and the doubled content of linolenic acid (C18:2 - 2 x C18:3).

Brassica napus↗
PubMed2005

Polyoxyethylenated methyl esters of rape oil fatty acids as non-ionic surfactants in a model drug form with albendazole.

Systematic research has been conducted on the applying of Rofams (oxyethylathed rape oil methyl esters) as solubilizing agents of albendazole. Homologous series of Rofams containing average amount of oxyethylene units (nTE) ranging between 20 to 60 was used for investigation. An attempt has been made to apply investigated surface active agents as an auxiliary in production of model tablets with albendazole. Basic morphological parameters of granulates (bulk density, tapped density, Carr index, angle of repose) were determined. The dissolution testing procedure, friability and standard deviation from an average tablet mass were conducted to evaluate properties of produced tablets. The solubility of albendazole increases in the presence of Rofams in the aqueous solutions. The highest amount of albendazole was solubilized in the aqueous solution of Rofam containing 20 oxyethylene units. The increase in the content of oxyethylene units in a molecule of surfactant leads to a subsequent decrease in the amount of solubilized albendazole. Studied compounds can be applied in suggested quantities in the formulation of solid dosage forms. Tablets obtained with their content obeyed standards of Polish Pharmacopoeia. Rofams are increasing the amount of albendazole liberated from the tablets what can result in increasing it's bioavailability.

Albendazole↗
PubMed1989

Hydrogen ion titration of 12 S rape seed protein and partial N-terminal sequence of one of it's subunits.

The high molecular weight 12 S protein from rape seed was isolated in a homogeneous form and characterized. Six subunits were isolated by PAGE in the presence of SDS and 0.2 M 2-mercaptoethanol. These subunits (s1 to s6) were found in the protein in the weight ratio of 1.32:1.2:1.15:1.0:1.21:1.11. The molecular weights and first two N-terminal amino acids of the isolated subunits were 64,800 and phenylalanine, alanine (s1), 50,650 and valine, tyrosine (s2), 42,500 and phenylalanine, leucine (s3), 28,800 and threonine, glutamic acid (s4), 19,100 and cystine, isoleucine (s5) and 15,600 and alanine, phenylalanine (s6). The number of side chain carboxyl, imidazole and epsilon-amino groups were calculated from the hydrogen ion titrations, which were in agreement with the amino acid assay. Besides, the N-terminal amino acid sequence upto 43 residues for one subunit (s6) is reported using Edman degradation.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1997

Oilseed rape pollen is a potentially relevant allergen.

Oilseed rape (Brassica napus) (OSR) is a partly wind-pollinated crop which has been increasingly cultivated both in Europe and overseas. Allergological data about OSR is scarce and controversial. We evaluated the frequency of sensitization to OSR pollen by skin prick test and RAST over a period of 1 yr. Airborne OSR pollen load and the agricultural role of this crop were analysed. Furthermore, six patients were investigated by immunoblot. In 4468 patients with suspect inhalant allergy investigated between June 1994 and May 1995, routine skin prick testing revealed OSR sensitivity in 7.1% of pollen-allergic patients. In all, monovalent sensitization was detected in nine patients. Routine pollen counts showed daily maxima not exceeding 50 grains/m3/24 h, but airborne OSR pollen has continuously increased during the last decade correlating with the increasing acreage. Characterization of OSR allergens by immunoblot revealed major allergens of 6/8 kD, 12/14 kD and in the high molecular weight range at 33, 42, 51, 58/61 and 70 kD. Some OSR proteins may cross-react with birch pollen allergens. In summary, the results suggest that OSR pollen is a moderate but true source of allergy and may sensitize despite low pollen exposure.

Allergens↗