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At least 811 records · Page 45Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Mental disorder among the Incas in ancient Peru.

The work of the chroniclers served as a source of information about the occurrence of mental diseases among the Incas. From this source it appears that melancholy was by far the most important disease among mental disorders. The disease did not only affect the common Incas: melancholy was rather frequent among the family of the Inca emperor. Like other diseases, mental diseases were treated by the Incas with a mixture of magic and empirical medicinal products. The latter were mainly of botanical nature, but also some minerals were applied to treat depressive disorders. Some typical syndromes of contemporary folk medicine, such as susto and related ailments, were not mentioned by the chroniclers.

Depression↗
PubMed2006

Scaling up HIV treatment in Peru: applying lessons from DOTS-Plus.

Many countries with financial support for HIV treatment experience delays in scale-up because of bureaucratic, operational, and technical obstacles. The authors describe the Peruvian National HIV Program's response to such challenges. A team of consultants experienced in the scale-up of the Peruvian national program to treat multidrug-resistant tuberculosis worked with the national HIV program to identify and address key factors contributing to slow enrollment of HIV patients into the antiretroviral treatment program. The rate of enrollment into the antiretroviral treatment program increased from 124 patients/month in the first 9 months of the program to 226 patients/month in the last 7 months, an increase of 83%. This strategy achieved 38.5% coverage of the population in need. Effective programmatic expansion of the Peruvian National HIV Program was facilitated by a multidisciplinary collaboration in a systematized effort to overcome barriers to scale-up.

Anti-Retroviral Agents↗
PubMed2006

Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) production from non-residential sites in the Amazonian city of Iquitos, Peru.

Programmes for the surveillance of Aedes aegypti (L.) often focus on residential areas, ignoring non-residential sites. Between November 2003 and October 2004, pupal/demographic surveys were therefore conducted in non-residential sites in the Peruvian city of Iquitos. The sampled sites included schools, factories, ports, public markets, petrol stations, commercial zones, airports, government buildings, animal-production areas, and recreational areas. Compared with the residential sites that had been surveyed a few years earlier, the non-residential sites generally had fewer pupae/ha, even though pupae were found in a high percentage of the sites investigated. Nonetheless, although <56 pupae/ha were observed in the industrial, commercial, recreational and school sites, the river boats in the ports and the areas in and around public markets sometimes had pupal abundances (of 122-213 pupae/ha) that were comparable with those previously recorded in the residential sites. When the relative production of Ae. aegypti was calculated by container type and characteristic (lidded/lidless, indoors/outdoors, and water-use patterns), no single container category was found to be a major producer of Ae. aegypti, with the exception of flower vases in cemeteries. In general, almost all (97%) of the pupae collected in the non-residential sites came from unlidded containers, although 91% of those collected in river boats came from lidded storage areas. With the exception of lumber mills, plant nurseries and markets (where only 39%-60% of the pupae were collected outdoors), >70% of pupal production was outdoors. In commercial areas, 41% of the pupae came from manually-filled containers, compared with <12% in residential sites. These results indicate that non-residential sites can be highly productive for Ae. aegypti and that the role of such sites in dengue transmission requires further investigation.

Aedes↗
PubMed1996

A biocultural perspective on health and household economy in southern Peru.

This article presents a biocultural approach to human health that integrates perspectives from anthropological political economy, ecology, and human adaptability. This approach frames local conditions in relation to macrohistorical forces, and focuses on the social relations that underlie health and responses to illness. It examines the coping responses of human agents operating with a "conditional rationality," and the multiple consequences to these responses. The approach is illustrated with results from a study on the relationship between health and household economy among small-scale farmers of the Nuñoa District in the southern Peruvian Andes. Poor health and nutritional status reflect historical and current economic conditions in the district. Households in illness plant half as many fields at twice the labor cost as healthy households. Among poor households the effects of illness on farming production are exacerbated by their inability to adequately supplement family labor with nonhousehold workers. The consequences of illness can force changes in access to resources and production strategies, thus shaping household health and economy in the future.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1997

Medical acupuncture enhances standard wilderness medical care: a case study from the Inca Trail, Machu Picchu, Peru, April 2, 1997.

This case report shows the integration of medical acupuncture into the standard medical care of a wilderness emergency situation. Despite conventional medical attention, a trekker suffering from an extremely painful conjunctivitis continued to suffer severe eye pain. The addition of medical acupuncture to his care resolved his eye pain promptly, enabling him to continue his trekking activities without further distress. Acupuncture has many potential applications to enhance the effects of standard medical care in wilderness and third world travel settings.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Paragonimosis in the Cajabamba and Condebamba districts, Cajamarca, Peru.

Stool samples from 409 pre-school and school students, living in six villages of the Cajabamba and Condebamba districts, Cajamarca, Perú, were examined using wet preparations and Lumbreras' method, looking for Paragonimus eggs. Fecal and sputum samples from two children (0. 5%) of 6 and 8 year-old showed eggs of Paragonimus. One hundred and twenty freshwater crabs, Hypolobocera chilensis eigenmanni, were collected from the Condebamba valley and 21 (17.5%) of them were infected with P. mexicanus (syn. P. peruvianus) metacercariae. Our results show the persistence of Paragonimus in human beings and in the main source of infection, the crabs.

Adolescent↗