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At least 811 records · Page 45Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

[Patent ductal arteriosus occlusion by Rashkind umbrella and by detachable coil].

UNLABELLED: The objective of this study is to report all of our experience of patent ductus arteriosus closure by interventional catheterisation, comparing two systems used successively: Rashkind umbrella and detachable coil. METHOD: Between January 1991 and July 2001, 72 patients underwent cardiac catheterisation in order to occlude patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). In 3 patients closure was not attempted (n = 1) or aborted (n = 2). The 69 patients in whom one or several prostheses were implanted are the object of this retrospective study. The patients were between 10 months and 18 years old (median 4 years), weighing between 6.7 and 54 kg (median 17 kg). The narrowest average angiographic diameter of the PDA was 2.2 mm (1 to 4 mm), type A in the Krichenko classification in 59 cases. The PDA was occluded by an umbrella in 29 patients (group 1), and from 1997 coils were used in 40 patients (group II). The medium term results were evaluated clinically and by colour doppler echocardiography. RESULTS: The age, weight, size and type of PDA were similar in the 2 groups. Group 1: 28 patients were treated with a single umbrella and one patient received 2 umbrellas. Systemic embolisation occurred in one case. The average period of follow-up was from 4 years to 10 years (average 6.5 years). The rate of residual shunt at 24 h, 6 months, and 12 months was 43%, 43%, and 39% respectively. A second implant was necessary in 2 children after 7 months and 30 months. The spontaneous disappearance of residual shunt was observed in 8 patients after between 1 month and 54 months (average 33.5 months). A slight residual shunt persisted in 4 patients (13.7%), 4.5 to 8.5 years after placing one or two umbrellas. The patients with a residual shunt were younger: 37 months versus 73 months (p < 0.05). Group II: 34 patients received a single coil and 6 patients several coils. Two cases of embolic migration and two cases of haemolysis were observed. The follow-up extended from 4 months to 4.5 years (average 2.2 years). The rate of residual shunt at 24 h, 6 months, and 1 year respectively was 35%, 10.5%, and 3.3%. At 6 and 12 months this rate was significantly less in group I (p < 0.01). Implantation of supplementary coils was necessary in 2 children at 24 h and at 9 months. Spontaneous disappearance of residual shunt occurred in 10 children out of 14 with an average interval of 5.5 months. A weak residual shunt remained detectable in 2 patients (5%) at 6 months and 36 months. CONCLUSION: The rate of initial residual shunt is comparable using both techniques. Spontaneous disappearance of residual shunts was observed in the majority of cases, but with the detachable coils this outcome is faster and the final rate for residual shunt is very low.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Aortic thrombus after coil occlusion of a type E patent ductus arteriosus.

A 5-year-old girl was referred to our institution for closure of a silent patent ductus arteriosus. Cardiac catheterization revealed a tiny-to-small patent ductus arteriosus of the elongated, conical type (Type E). Coil occlusion was performed with a Gianturco coil, 0.035-4 cm(-3) mm. A follow-up echocardiogram showed a very small residual ductal shunt and a moderate-sized thrombus at the aortic end of the ductus arteriosus. The patient remained asymptomatic.

Aorta, Thoracic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Patent research as a way to ensure competitiveness of an object of economic activities].

Importance is shown of patent-associated studies at every stage of the life cycle of an object of economic activities. It is argued that a low level of patent-associated studies, failure to meet the deadline set for the completion thereof are responsible for an inadequate level of research activities, waste of time and resource, creation of worthless objects of intellectual property. Special stress is laid on the importance of implicit fulfillment of requirements of the state standards now in force in the sphere of intellectual property.

Economic Competition↗
PubMed1976

Patent ductus arteriosus in premature infants. Indications for surgery.

In order to establish more objective criteria for surgical intervention, the literature and our clinical experience with operative closure of patent ductus arteriosus in 11 premature infants was reviewed. A wide range of age at the time of operation underscored the spectrum of clinical presentation and the difficulty of interpreting the course of therapy. The presence of a typical continuous murmur established the diagnosis of patent ductus arteriosus in patients with respiratory distress syndrome. Cardiac catheterization confirmed the diagnosis and provided quantitation of the left-to-right shunt flow through the ductus arteriosus in 6 patients but did not influence the decision to operate. Progress of the clinical course as determined by the heart size on chest roentgenogram and the presence of hypercarbia (Paco2greater than60 mm. Hg) after respiratory assistance and medical decongestive measures were the two most helpful signs indicating the need for surgical intervention.

Cardiac Catheterization↗
PubMed2003

Antibacterial agents: patent highlights July to December 2002.

Forty-five patents dealing with disclosures on the different classes of antibacterial agents, reported between July and December 2002, are selected for review. Disclosures dealing with novel derivatives of known antibacterials (beta-lactam, oxazolidinone, macrolide, quinolone, tetracycline and peptide derivatives), development of new processes and formulations to improve cost, activity and stability are highlighted. In addition, patent disclosures on novel oxazolidinone derivatives with broad-spectrum activity extended against fastidious Gram-negative bacilli are highlighted in comparison to linezolid. Novel antibacterial agents (peptide-deformylase inhibitors) that could serve as potential lead compounds are also presented.

4-Quinolones↗
PubMed2003

Echocardiographic features of adult tetralogy of Fallot with natural palliative correction by patent ductus arteriosus.

A thirty-year-old man with the diagnosis of the tetralogy of Fallot and patent ductus arteriosus was admitted to our hospital because of a syncope. He reported no previous symptoms. We diagnosed adult tetralogy of Fallot, which included all four characteristic anomalies: ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, pulmonary artery stenosis, and right ventricular hypertrophy. The associated persistent ductus arteriosus and the presence of compensatory arteriovenous communications produced a continuous flow load on the left ventricle, which resulted in moderate left ventricular hypertrophy, but without symptoms of pulmonary congestion or cardiac decompensation. Anatomic diagnosis and hemodynamic assessment were established by transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography, with incidental finding of a quadricuspid aortic valve. To the best of our knowledge, our case of the adult form of Fallot's tetralogy associated with both patent ductus arteriosus and quadricuspid aortic valve is the first one ever described. It is well known that patients with tetralogy of Fallot who do not undergo operation in childhood have short survival, which depends predominantly on the degree of pulmonary artery stenosis and early development of collateral circulation to the lungs. Long-term persistence of natural aortopulmonary anastomosis with systemic collateral circulation to the lungs and remodeling of the heart, with better hemodynamic balance as well as the presence of mild pulmonary artery stenosis probably enhanced the survival of our patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1957

Retrograde brachial aortography; its use in the diagnosis of patent ductus arteriosus and coarctation of the aorta in infancy.

Patent ductus arteriosus and coarctation of the aorta are among the commonest causes of congestive heart failure early in life. When medical therapy fails to control heart failure in these cases, surgical division of the ductus or excision of the coarcted segment can be performed. But the recognition of these anomalies in infancy is more difficult than in childhood or adult life. Retrograde thoracic aortography is a technique which permits positive identification. In the presence of patent ductus arteriosus, opacification of the pulmonary arteries from the descending aorta will be clearly shown; if coarctation is present, its position, severity, and the length of the involved segment can usually be demonstrated. Properly employed, retrograde brachial aortography is a relatively safe and effective diagnostic procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Thailand: successful challenge to invalid patent claim on antiretrovirals.

Thai people living with HIV/AIDS made legal history on 1 October 2002, when they won a lawsuit against the pharmaceutical giant Bristol Myers-Squibb (BMS). The plaintiffs, two people living with HIV/AIDS and a local NGO, the AIDS Access Foundation, lodged a complaint against BMS and Thailand's Department of Intellectual Property (DIP) in Thailand's Central Intellectual Property and International Trade Court (CIPITC). They claimed that the BMS patent registration for its buffered tablet formulation of the antiretroviral AIDS drug, dideoxy purine nucleoside (ddI, brand name Videx), was illegally amended in an attempt to claim a wider monopoly than the patent description justified.

Anti-HIV Agents↗
PubMed2004

[A new approach to the closure of patent ductus arteriosus in premature infants].

Minimally invasive surgical techniques have been employed successfully for a wide spectrum of cardiothoracic procedures. These approaches were proven to be as safe and effective as traditional surgical techniques. Unfortunately, it remains a lack of adequate instrumentations and anatomic features, particularly in the pediatric pool of patients. We have employed a new surgical approach for closing a patent ductus arteriosus in low weight newborn (< 2.5 kg), performing a superior extrapleuric approach. This report demonstrates that this technique is safe and reproducible, and is our opinion that it may substitute the medical management of patent ductus arteriosus.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed2004

Genomics knowledge and equity: a global public goods perspective of the patent system.

Genomics, the comprehensive examination of an organism's entire set of genes and their interactions, will have a major impact on the way disease is diagnosed, prevented and treated in the new millennium. Despite the tremendous potential it holds for improving global health, genomics challenges policy-makers to ensure that its benefits are harnessed equitably across populations and nations. The classification of genomics as a global public good and the inequity encountered in the development and application of genomics knowledge are outlined in this paper, We examine the effect of the current patent system on the distribution of costs and benefits relating to genomics knowledge between countries of different economic strength. The global public goods concept provides a normative economic rationale for the modification of certain aspects of the current patent system and for the creation of complementary mechanisms to respond to the health needs of low-income and middle-income countries.

Genomics↗
PubMed2004

[Failures and complications of transcatheter coil occlusion of patent ductus arteriosus].

An analysis of fails and complications of transcatheter coil occlusion of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) was made. An attempt to close PDA with Gianturco coils was undertaken in 132 patients. Fails were noted in 4 (3.1%) children, 3 of them failed to hold the coil in PDA due to its greater width, and in 1 patient the catheter could not be delivered through a narrow duct. Complications were noted in 9 patients (7%): migration of the coils into the pulmonary artery branches took place in 8 patients, and in 1 patient there appeared haemolysis due to a large residual shunt. Snare-assisted removal of the migrating coils was carried out in 7 children, in 1 girl the coil could not be extracted from the peripheral branch of the left pulmonary artery. In 7 patients reocclusion of PDA was made, in 1 case no reembolization was performed. Haemolysis was liquidated by an additional implantation of the coils in repeated procedure. Risk of fail and complications was associated with great minimal diameter of patent ductus arteriosus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Extrapleural approach for patent ductus arteriosus and coarctation of the aorta].

During the period of 1989 to 1990, 6 consecutive children with patent ductus arteriosus or coarctation of the aorta underwent operative therapy. Ligation or division of patent ductus arteriosus or subclavian flap angioplasty for coarctation of the aorta were performed by extrapleural approach with axillary or posterolateral incision. Patients' ages ranged from 9 days to 8 years. Weights ranged from 3 to 30 kg. It was very easy to have better operative field and beneficial to protect the lung against mechanical injury. Extrapleural approach was not so easy in an 8-year-old patient with firm connective tissue. Therefore, this procedure is considered to be suitable for younger children.

Aortic Coarctation↗
PubMed2004

[Syncope in ventricular tachycardia as a first clinical sign of patent ductus arteriosus in an adulthood].

The case-report describes a 48-year-old-female patient with the patent ductus arteriosus with the following structural changes leading to the malignant arrhythmias manifested as a syncope. The patient was treated by Amplatzer occluder and the implantation of the cardioverter-defibrillator. The authors discuss the patent ductus arteriosus, arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death in the patients with the congenital heart disease in an adulthood.

Ductus Arteriosus, Patent↗
PubMed2001

Facilitating access of AIDS drugs while maintaining strong patent protection.

The AIDS pandemic has thrust the subject of patent protection into the spotlight, a spotlight that has attracted the attention of broad audience including interested parties from the political, legal, and medical communities. Can the United States' scheme of strong patent protection for pharmaceutical products withstand the increased attention?

Anti-HIV Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

India changes patent law to meet WTO treaty, making new medicines less available to most citizens, other countries.

India changed its pharmaceutical patent law to conform to the U.S.-European system, just ahead of a Jan. 1 World Trade Organization deadline--meaning that most new medicines (patentable in 1995 or later) will be priced out of reach of the great majority of people in India--and in Africa and other poor regions as well. "The real issue for the multinational corporations is not the poor-country markets, which are financially small and unattractive, but the poor-country examples. How would thousands of people in rich countries, especially the U.S., be persuaded to accept death from cancer and other diseases because they cannot pay tens of thousands of dollars a year for a new generation of treatments that could save their lives--if companies in India could manufacture and sell the same treatments for a small fraction of the price?"

Commerce↗
PubMed2005

India: New patent law may restrict access to HIV/AIDS treatments.

On 4 April 2005, India's Patents (Amendment) Act, 2005 (the Act) received presidential assent. The Act, which represents a major shift in Indian patent policy, raises serious concerns that the supply of generic drugs to developing countries could decline.

Anti-HIV Agents↗