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At least 811 records · Page 45Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Use of the intraosseous screw for unilateral upper molar distalization and found well balanced occlusion.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to present a temporary anchorage device with intraosseous screw for unilateral molar distalization to make a space for the impacted premolar and to found well balanced occlusion in a case. CASE PRESENTATION: A 13-year-old male who have an impacted premolar is presented with skeletal Class I and dental Class 2 relationship. The screw was placed and immediately loaded to distalize the left upper first and second molar. The average distalization time to achieve an overcorrected Class I molar relationship was 3.6 months. There was no change in overjet, overbite, or mandibular plane angle measurements. Mild protrusion (0.5 mm) of the upper left central incisor was also recorded. CONCLUSION: Immediately loaded intraosseous screw-supported anchorage unit was successful in achieving sufficient unilateral molar distalization without anchorage loss. This treatment procedure was an alternative treatment to the extraction therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Evaluation of condylar position from transcranial projections in primary dentition.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the condylar position through transcranial radiographs in children between 3 years and 6 years old and to associate it with morphological characteristics of primary dentition. METHODS: The extraoral transcranial radiographs were taken with plain films using the Accurad-200 head holder (Denar Company, Anaheim, CA), and then they were digitized using a Hewlett Packard 6390 Scanner. The condylar position was determined according to Gelb's template, in postural rest position (RP) and maximum intercuspal position (MI), and it was associated with the characteristics: normal occlusion (n=36), open bite with or without overjet greater than 3 mm (n=27), unilateral or bilateral posterior cross bite (n=14), overbite greater than 3 mm (n=15). The chi-square and the Fisher Exact Test were used to analyse the data. RESULTS: It was verified that when using Gelb's template, there was not a significant association between the occlusion type found and the position of the condyle in the glenoid fossa when considering the entire patient sample (P>0.05). There was a great variability in positions, and most of the children had asymmetric condyles (55.43% in MI and 51.09% in RP). Children with normal occlusion and malocclusion presented the same proportions of condylar position in both mandibular positions. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, the results of this study showed that the condylar position in small children with different morphological occlusions presented great variability.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1995

[Relationships between biting force and the morphology of the maxilloface].

The maximum biting force of 40 male students aged 26.1 +/- 3.9 years was assessed to evaluate the relationships between biting force and the morphology of the maxilloface. The evaluations were made using roentgenographic cephalogram measurements and oral model measurements. The results obtained were as follows. 1. The subjects who had strong maximum biting force (MBF) were those with high posterior facial height, high posterior inferior facial height, long length from the Ar-Me line to the gonion, and long length between the adhesion of the masseteric muscles. 2. The subjects who had strong MBF had a small gonial angle, and their occlusal plane and mandibular plane approached the anterior cranial base and eye-ear-plane, that is, the subjects with strong MBF were considered to be persons with a deep overbite. 3. There was a significant positive correlation between MBF and discrepancy values using oral model measurements (p < 0.01). No significant correlations were noted between MBF and the sum of teeth size. 4. There was a significant positive correlation between MBF and maximum grip strength (p < 0.01), back strength (p < 0.01) and the long jump (p < 0.05), and there was a significant negative correlation between MBF and 50m running (p < 0.01), but no significant correlations were noted between MBF and 1500m running.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Relation of musical wind instruments to malocclusion.

Eighty-four seventh graders of both sexes, not undergoing orthodontic treatment, participated in a double-blind study to determine the effect on the anterior teeth of playing a musical wind instrument. The instrument players were just beginning their studies. Seventh graders not playing a musical wind instrument served as the control group. Impressions and plaster casts were made of each mouth at the beginning and conclusion of the study. The plaster casts were marked with the same numerical code assigned to each student. Overjet and overbite measurements of the anterior teeth were taken from the plaster casts and recorded. Findings indicate that, on an individual basis, the effect on the anterior teeth of playing a musical wind instrument is unpredictable. Only on a group basis can a class of musical wind instruments be theorized to have a certain effect on the anterior teeth. The playing of a musical wind instrument should not be used as a substitute for orthodontic treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Effects of oral habits' duration on dental characteristics in the primary dentition.

BACKGROUND: Studies dating to the 1870s have demonstrated that long-term nonnutritive sucking habits may lead to occlusal abnormalities, including open bite and posterior crossbite. However, little is known as to whether habits of shorter durations have lasting effects. METHODS: The authors collected longitudinal data on nonnutritive sucking among children through a series of questionnaires regularly completed by parents. Researchers examined the children at ages 4 to 5 years and obtained study models. The models were measured for dental arch parameters (including arch width, arch length and arch depth) and assessed for overjet, overbite and posterior crossbite. The authors compared the dental arch and occlusal conditions among groups of children with nonnutritive sucking habits of different durations. RESULTS: Children with nonnutritive sucking habits that continued to 48 months of age or beyond demonstrated many significant differences from children with habits of shorter durations: narrower maxillary arch widths, greater overjet and greater prevalence of open bite and posterior crossbite. In addition, compared with those who ceased their habit by 12 months of age, those with habits at 36 months of age had significantly greater mandibular canine arch widths, maxillary canine arch depths and overjet, while those with habits at 24 months and 36 months had significantly smaller palatal depths. Prevalence of anterior open bite, posterior crossbite and excessive overjet (> 4 millimeters) increased with duration of habits. CONCLUSIONS: While continuous nonnutritive sucking habits of 48 months or longer produced the greatest changes in dental arch and occlusal characteristics, children with shorter sucking durations also had detectable differences from those with minimal habit durations. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: It may be prudent to revisit suggestions that sucking habits continued to as late as 5 to 8 years of age are of little concern.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2000

[The relationship between oral habits and malocclusion in preschool children].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the way oral habits and speech problems affect dental occlusion in preschool children. METHODS: A random sample of 2,139 boys and girls aged 3-5 years old was evaluated. The children were enrolled in private and state institutions in the city of Bauru, São Paulo State, Brazil. The cross-sectional study was developed in two steps: occlusion assessment, and a questionnaire about their social and economic status. The occlusal anatomical-functional characteristics assessment was done according to Angle classification. Additionally, overjet, overbite, crowding, anterior open bite, posterior crossbite, and anterior crossbite were evaluated. A sub-sample of 618 children filled out the questionnaire. The prevalence of malocclusion and some variables of exposure were tested by bivariate analysis. RESULTS: The prevalence of malocclusion was 51.3% for boys and 56.9% for girls. There was no difference related to gender. In regard to age, there was a higher prevalence of malocclusion in the 3 year-old group, which decreased significantly with age (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Among the environmental factors evaluated, the habit of sucking a pacifier was the most important in the association with malocclusion (OR=5.46) followed by the habit of sucking fingers (OR=1.54). Speech problems did not show any influence in malocclusion occurrence.

Articulation Disorders↗
PubMed2005

The comparative effectiveness of two digit-sucking deterrent methods.

A study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of the crib and positive reinforcement in eliminating anterior open bites and increased overjets caused by digit-sucking. The overjet and overbite were measured using an overjet ruler at the start and end of the seventeen-week observation period. Forty patients consented to participate but measurements were only obtained for 11 subjects. The trend in this study is that the crib is more effective than positive reinforcement in preventing digit-sucking.

Child↗
PubMed2004

Dental-skeletal dimensions in growing individuals with variations in the lower facial height.

The dental and skeletal dimensions of individuals with Class I skeletal pattern in puberty were compared. Eighty patients with Class I malocclusion were selected, independent of the vertical relations (overbite) of the incisors. The sample was divided into 3 groups: normal, short and excessive lower anterior face height, based on facial proportions. The dental and skeletal measurements of the 3 groups were compared among themselves. In the angular measurements, the results showed no correlation in the mandibular plane angle. In the linear measurements, the mandibular length was significantly greater in the group of patients with short lower anterior face height, with a positive correlation among the three groups. The dentoalveolar heights of the incisors had a positive correlation among the three groups in relation to the lower anterior face height, showing that they are responsible for its variation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Prevalence and severity of malocclusion in children with cleft lip and/or palate in Hong Kong.

The prevalence and severity of malocclusion among children with cleft lip and palate in Hong Kong has never been assessed or documented. A group of 20 children in the primary or early mixed dentition stages, with clefts of the lip and/or palate were assessed using the Occlusal Index. Results of this preliminary study showed that 92.3 percent of the male and 71.5 percent of the female subjects had severe malocclusion, which implied that comprehensive orthodontic treatment at a later stage would be needed. More than half (69.2% of the male, and 57.1% of the female subjects) had syndrome F, defined as mesial molar relationship, overjet, overbite, posterior crossbite, midline diastema, and midline deviation (Summers, 1966). Therefore malocclusion problems were shown to manifest early in patients with cleft lip and/or palate, and further that it is possible to assess malocclusion prevalence and severity in early stages of dental development.

Child↗
PubMed1993

Orthopedic protraction of the upper jaw in cleft lip and palate patients during the deciduous and mixed dentition periods in comparison with normal growth and development.

Cleft lip and palate (CLP) patients often develop maxillary retrusion after cleft repair. Since 1977, a group of 98 cases with negative overjet (anterior crossbite) during the period of deciduous dentition has been treated by the Bergen CLP team. The purpose of treatment has been to achieve favorable occlusion with positive overjet and overbite by means of anterior orthopedic traction (protraction). The average age at start of treatment was 6 years 11 months, and mean treatment duration was 13 months. The protraction force was 700 g. The serial lateral cephalograms of the treated CLP group were compared with those of a noncleft group with normal growth. Normalization of the sagittal maxillomandibular relationship (ANB angle) was achieved. Significant changes were a more anterior position of the upper jaw, and a more posterior position of the lower jaw, due to mandibular clockwise rotation. The variation was considerable. This paper reports the overall changes in the whole CLP group (ALL-C group).

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1994

Incisal overjet as an outcome measure in unilateral cleft lip and palate management.

The Goslon Yardstick is a clinical tool used to rank dental study casts of persons with cleft lip and palate in the late mixed or early permanent dentition into one of five categories. It has been successfully used to investigate the outcomes of the surgical treatment of these anomalies as well as the effects of these deformities on untreated individuals. In this study, 40 study casts ranked by the Goslon Yardstick were digitized using a reflex metrograph. The overjet, overbite, and incisal angulation, and the crossbites of the canines and molars were calculated for each of the sets of casts. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the predictive value of these variables upon the Goslon scores. The overjet was found to explain 87% of the variance of the Goslon score (p < .0001). No other component had a significant predictive value. The range of overjet associated with the different Goslon scores was calculated from the regression equation. In conclusion, the advantages of using overjet as an indicator of outcome as an alternative to the Goslon Yardstick were discussed.

Child↗
PubMed1997

Examination of craniofacial morphology in 10-month to 5-year-old children with cleft lip and palate.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess craniofacial growth in children from 10 months to 5 years of age with cleft lip and/or palate and to develop a systematic method of cephalometric measurements. DESIGN: A case-control study. SETTING: Craniofacial unit of a teaching hospital for children. PATIENTS: A consecutive series of the first 22 patients with cleft lip and/or palate who underwent early reconstructive treatment [isolated cleft lip (CL) 6; isolated cleft palate (CP) 7; unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) 7; and bilateral complete cleft lip and palate (BCLP) 2] (mean age, 27.9 months) and 22 age- and sex-matched noncleft children. INTERVENTIONS: Lateral cephalometric headfilms of the children were taken using a pediatric cephalostat. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Cephalometric landmarks were measured according to Ricketts cephalometry. RESULTS: As compared with controls, CL patients had a lingual position and inclination of maxillary and mandibular incisors, an increase of interincisal angle and a decrease of incisor overjet, an increase in facial convexity, and a decrease in facial depth and mandible body length. In CP patients, palatal plane inclination and mandible arch were significantly reduced. In UCLP patients, there was a decrease in molar relation and incisor overbite, an increase in interincisal angle, reduced position and inclination of maxillary incisors and inclination of mandibular incisors, an increase in facial convexity, and lower facial height. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the absence of midface growth reduction, these short-term results suggest a tendency toward normal maxillomandibular growth.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMed2004

Interceptive management of eruption disturbances: case report.

The aim of the present report is to describe a case of a patient with eruption disturbances of an ankylosed lower primary second molar, delayed development of a maxillary permanent canine associated with an odontoma and a class III dental malocclusion. In such a case the objectives of treatment are: to prevent impaction of the lower second premolar and tipping of the lower first molar; to establish correct anterior overbite and overjet and to control the development of the permanent upper canine.

Bicuspid↗
PubMed1981

The relationships between malocclusion, gingival inflammation, plaque and calculus.

Certain features of malocclusion considered important in relation to periodontal health were analyzed in a study of 300 subjects. It was found that plaque and gingival inflammation were not related to vertical incisor overbite, horizontal incisor overjet or posterior cuspal interdigitation. Individual tooth irregularity measured as tilting, rotation, displacement and crowding had a low but statistically significant correlation with plaque, calculus and gingival inflammation. However, the study showed that these features of malocclusion are far less important than the extent of plaque and calculus deposits in the development of gingival inflammation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

A lip seal study of Japanese children with malocclusion.

The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between lip seal and malocclusion in Japanese children. Fifty-three patients aged 7 to 14 years (mean 10.24 +/- 1.93) were selected randomly, and compared with 20 subjects with normal occlusion aged 7 to 14 years (mean 10.50 +/- 2.56). The subjects were divided into a good lip seal group and poor lip seal group by observing the distance between the upper and lower lip at rest. The variables that were analyzed for morphological evaluation included model analysis and cephalometric analysis. Noted for functional evaluation were tongue position, the size of the tonsils and adenoids and the oral muscle force measured by button pulling. In the evaluation of the degree of lip seal, there was no statistical difference between subjects with malocclusion and those with normal occlusion. Within the group with malocclusions, however, there were significant differences in overbite (p < 0.01), overjet (p < 0.01), and oral muscle force by button pulling (p < 0.05) between the good lip seal and poor lip seal groups. These results suggest that there is a need not only to correct malocclusion but also to be aware of lip sealing so that it may be improved in Japanese children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

[Effects of orthodontic treatment after adenoidectomy on jaw relations in the sagittal plane].

AIM: To evaluate the orthodontic treatment effects, performed immediately after adenoidectomy, on lips relation, overjet and class (Angle). METHODS: Three groups of patients, aged 6-17 years, were observed: group K--patients with oral respiration caused by adenoidal enlargement; group 1--patients with adenoidectomy performed five and more years previously; group 2--patients with one year of orthodontic treatment performed immediately after adenoidectomy. Lips and overjet status and class (Angle) was measured in the examined patients. RESULTS: In all of the three examined groups, there was a statistically highly significant increase (p<0.01) of competent lips. In the patients of group K, the overjet values ranged from 1 mm up to 12 mm where 90% of them had overjet > 4 mm and 6% < 1 mm. The front open bite, low overbite and reversed overjet was found in the patients with low overjet in this group, as well. Overjet values in the patients of group 1 ranged from -2 mm up to 12 mm where 86% had overjet > 4 mm and 10% < 1 mm. Significantly higher increase (p<0.01) of overjet values (1-4 mm in 94% of patients) was observed in the patients of group 2 in comparison to the values found in the patients from groups 0 and 1. Class II (Angle) was recorded in 81% of the patients in group 0, and 79% in group 1, while class I (Angle) was observed 100% only in the patients of group 2. CONCLUSION: Orthodontic treatment immediately after adenoidectomy was necessary for achieving the competition lips relation, normal overjet and class I (Angle).

Adenoidectomy↗
PubMed2007

Microscrew anchorage in skeletal anterior open-bite treatment.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of miniscrew anchorage for intrusion of the posterior dentoalveolar region to correct skeletal open bite. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was comprised of 12 patients (aged 14.3 to 27.2 years; mean 18.7 years) with anterior open bites. All the patients presented a Class II skeletal pattern and excessive posterior growth. Self-drilling miniscrew implants were inserted into the posterior midpalatal area and the buccal alveolar bone between the lower molars. A transpalatal and a lingual arch were used to maintain the molars on each side in order to avoid overrotation during intrusion. A force of 150 g was applied to the microscrews on each side to intrude the posterior teeth. Lateral cephalograms of all 12 patients were taken preintrusion and immediately after completion of the intrusion. The cephalometric films were measured and compared. RESULTS: The results showed that the anterior open bites in 12 patients were all corrected in a mean of 6.8 months. Overbite increased by a mean of 4.2 mm (P < .001), from -2.2 mm in preintrusion to 2.0 mm in postintrusion. The maxillary and mandibular first molars were intruded for an average of 1.8 mm (P < .001) and 1.2 mm (P < .001), respectively. The mandibular plane angle was reduced by 2.3 degrees (P < .001), which led to a counterclockwise rotation of the mandible with a significant decrease in the anterior facial heights (mean of 1.8 mm; P < .001). CONCLUSION: Miniscrew anchorage has the advantages of being a simpler procedure, being minimally invasive, and requiring minimal patient cooperation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2007

Unusual extraction treatment in Class II division 1 using C-orthodontic mini-implants.

This paper describes the treatment of a female patient, aged 23 years and 5 months, with a Class II division 1 malocclusion, who showed severe anterior protrusion and lower anterior crowding. Specially-designed orthodontic mini-implants were placed bilaterally in the interdental space between both the upper and the lower posterior teeth. Both lower first molars showed severe apical lesions. Therefore, the treatment plan consisted of extraction of both upper first premolars and lower first molars, en masse retraction of the upper six anterior teeth, lower anterior alignment, and protraction of all the lower molars. C-implants(R) were used as substitutes for maxillary posterior anchorage teeth during anterior retraction and as hooks for mandibular molar protraction. The correct overbite and overjet were obtained by intruding and retracting the upper six anterior teeth into their proper positions. The dentition was detailed using conventional orthodontic appliances. The upper C-implants contributed to an improvement in facial balance, and the lower C-implants made it possible to protract the lower second and third molars with less effect on the axis of the lower anterior teeth. The active treatment period was 29 months and the patient's teeth continued to be stable 11 months after debonding.

Adult↗