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At least 811 records · Page 45Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[A sensitivity of CRP determination of cord blood and neonatal serum for neonatal infection].

CRP was determined for 110 cord bloods and peripheral blood of 36 newborns collected within 72 hours after delivery for the early diagnosis of newborn infection. The determination of CRP was done by a counting immunoassay method using PAMIA-30(Sysmex, Kobe, Japan). Sample volume needed was small and the time for determination was short. Within-run and between-run precisions were satisfactory, with CV values being approximately 6%. The CRP of healthy newborns was lower than that of cord blood, and the mean value was 33.4 +/- 4.2 ng/ml and the value was not significantly different from that obtained from the newborn babies with turbid amnionic fluid or early rupture of a sac. The CRP gradually increased after delivery had a peak at 24 to 48 hours after delivery. This tendency was observed both in healthy and infected newborns. The data were divided into 6 groups depending on the time collected after delivery (6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours). The CRP of blood from infected newborns tended to have higher CRP than that of healthy newborns in each group. Increased amount of CRP (ng/ml/hrs) was calculated as ((CRP of peripheral blood at time x)--(CRP of cord blood))/x, and this value was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in infected newborns than in healthy newborns 12hrs and more after delivery. Thus, CRP might be useful for monitoring the newborn infection.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1995

[Acute complications in full term neonates with severe neonatal asphyxia].

The acute systemic complications of perinatal asphyxia, defined as an umbilical artery pH at birth of 7.10 or less, were evaluated in fifty full-term newborn infants. We also investigated the prenatal complications that lead to asphyxia, and the relationship between Apgar score and cord pH. Asphyxia or fetal distress was not identified in 56% of the cases. The most common condition associated with asphyxia was prolonged labor followed by abruptio placentae. About half of the babies studied, suffered some degree of renal and brain dysfunction; 24% had severe respiratory disease. Myocardial failure was present in 24%. Regarding metabolic complications, the most frequent was hypocalcemia, present in 44%. On the other hand, there was no correlation between Apgar score and cord pH. Mortality was 22%. The main cause of death was Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension.

Abruptio Placentae↗
PubMed1975

[Investigations on the utilization of parenterally administered amino acids by premature and small-for-dates neonates. I. Free amino acids in the blood of premature and small-for dates neonates (author's transl)].

The fasting levels of free amino acids were determined in the serum of 23 premature and 7 small-for-dates newborns during the first 4 weeks of life. This was done by ion-exchange chromatography after ultrafiltration of the serum, which allowed quantification. Differences were recognized in regards to age, and nutritional state: 1. Small-for-dates newborns at term showed significantly lower asparagine and glycine levels when compared to hypotrophic prematures. 2. Leucine was lower in male than in female prematures. 3. Leucine and phenylalanine were lower in hypotrophic than in eutrophic prematures. 4. Nearly all investigated fasting amino acid levels were highest in the 3rd week of life. A decrease was observed during the 4th week of life. Threonine, Proline, Alanine, Valine, Isoleucine, Lysine and Arginine were significantly higher in the 3rd compared to the 1st week.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2005

Newborn hearing screening: effectiveness, importance of high-risk factors, and characteristics of infants in the neonatal intensive care unit and well-baby nursery.

BACKGROUND: In contrast to the recommendations of the Joint Committee on Infant Hearing, neonatal hearing screening programs are still not universally available, and many countries implement elective screening in high-risk newborns. OBJECTIVE: To assess the failure rates of neonates in hearing screening and the relative importance of risk factors for hearing impairment, both in neonatal intensive care units and in well-baby nursery neonates. The impact on cost-effectiveness is also evaluated. SUBJECTS: In the current study, 25,288 newborns were assessed; 23,574 were full-term newborns in the well-baby nursery and 1,714 neonates were in neonatal intensive care units. METHODS: All neonates had a general examination (including assessment for congenital anomalies and related history) and were assessed using transient evoked otoacoustic emissions. All newborns were older than 36 weeks at examination and thus had reliable transient evoked otoacoustic emissions. RESULTS: From the 23,574 full-term neonates in the well-baby nursery, 23,123 (98.1%) passed the test and 451 failed (1.9%). Fifty-three of the 23,574 neonates (0.2%) had a risk factor for hearing impairment; 44 (83%) passed the test and 9 failed (17%). Family history of congenital hearing loss and congenital anomalies were the most frequent risk factors for hearing loss. From the 1,714 neonates in neonatal intensive care units, 1,590 (93%) passed the test and 124 failed (7%). Two hundred thirty-two of the 1,714 neonates (14%) had a risk factor for hearing impairment; 205 (88%) passed the test and 27 failed (12%). In neonatal intensive care unit neonates, toxic levels of ototoxic drugs, mechanical ventilation for more than 24 hours, prematurity, and low birth weight were the most frequent risk factors for hearing loss. Congenital anomalies/syndromes were the most important risk factors for failing screening in both the neonatal intensive care unit and the well-baby nursery, as they showed the highest risk of failing hearing screening. The second most important factor in neonatal intensive care unit newborns was low birth weight, and the third was prematurity in relation to the possibility of failing hearing screening. CONCLUSION: The present study found 575 neonates failing hearing screening of 25,288 tested newborns (2.3%). The fact that 78% of newborns who failed hearing screening were in the well-baby nurseries further supports the necessity of universal hearing screening instead of selective screening in neonatal intensive care units, even with the obvious impact on cost-effectiveness. Even if limited funding lead to selective screening in neonatal intensive care units, this should not be applied to high-risk newborns but to all neonatal intensive care unit neonates. Continuous assessment of risk factors and the related possibility of failing hearing screening are of paramount importance in designing hearing screening programs and refining the respective criteria.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗