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Results for “Needlestick Injuries”

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At least 811 records · Page 45Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Risk factors for hepatitis C virus transmission to health care workers after occupational exposure: a European case-control study.

BACKGROUND: Additional studies are required to identify risk factors for hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission to health care workers after occupational exposure to HCV. METHODS: We conducted a matched case-control study in 5 European countries from 1 January 1991 through 31 December 2002. Case patients were health care workers who experienced seroconversion after percutaneous or mucocutaneous exposure to HCV. Control subjects were HCV-exposed health care workers who did not experience seroconversion and were matched with case patients for center and period of exposure. RESULTS: Sixty case patients and 204 control subjects were included in the study. All case patients were exposed to HCV-infected fluids through percutaneous injuries. The 37 case patients for whom information was available were exposed to viremic source patients. As risk factors for HCV infection, multivariate analysis identified needle placement in a source patient's vein or artery (odds ratio [OR], 100.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 7.3-1365.7), deep injury (OR, 155.2; 95% CI, 7.1-3417.2), and sex of the health care worker (OR for male vs. female, 3.1; 95% CI, 1.0-10.0). Source patient HCV load was not introduced in the multivariate model. In unmatched univariate analysis, the risk of HCV transmission increased 11-fold for health care workers exposed to source patients with a viral load >6 log(10) copies/mL (95% CI, 1.1-114.1), compared with exposures to source patients with a viral load < or =4 log10 copies/mL. CONCLUSION: In this study, HCV occupational transmission was found to occur after percutaneous exposures. The risk of HCV transmission after percutaneous exposure increased with deep injuries and procedures involving hollow-bore needle placement in the source patient's vein or artery. These results highlight the need for widespread adoption of needlestick-prevention devices in health care settings, together with other preventive measures.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gaining patient consent for blood tests following sharps injuries.

There is a high risk of staff receiving needlestick and other sharps injuries while working in health care. Concern is so great that a seminar on sharps injury prevention and single-use medical devices was held in March 2003 at the European Parliament in Brussels. Injuries caused by needles and other sharp medical devices, and the related risk of potentially fatal disease transmission, remain a major threat to the health and safety of health care workers across the European Union.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed1997

Lipopolysaccharide-induced fever in rats prolonged by a needle prick.

We studied the effect of an abdominal prick with a needle on LPS-induced fever in freely-moving rats. LPS was injected intraperitoneally by the following 3 methods: 1) through a hypodermic needle pricked into the abdominal cavity, 2) through a catheter chronically indwelt in the abdominal cavity, and 3) through a catheter chronically indwelt in the abdominal cavity immediately after an abdominal prick was made. In the second method, core body temperature (Tb) began to rise about 1 h after the injection, reaching a maximal level at around 2.5 h and decreasing gradually thereafter. In the first and third methods, Tb rose again to make a second peak after making the first peak of fever. This was the same when LPS was injected through a hypodermic needle pricked into the abdominal cavity under restrained condition. These results suggest that the abdominal prick with a needle is responsible for the development of the second peak (or prolongation) of LPS-fever in rats.

Abdomen↗
PubMed2004

Pseudoaneurysms of the brachial artery following venipuncture in infants.

Pediatric vascular injuries are increasing in frequency and represent a challenging problem in pediatric surgical practice. Increased survival of low birth weight infants and advances in invasive diagnostic procedures have resulted in a dramatic increase in the number of these injuries. Formation of pseudoaneurysm of the brachial artery in infants is a very rare complication of venipuncture, with only two cases reported in the literature. We report three cases of brachial artery pseudoaneurysm in infants following venipuncture who were operated upon in our institution, aged 43-64 days at the time of operation. The period from the injury to the operation ranged from 25 to 42 days. All three infants were referred from different institutions. In two infants, the pseudoaneurysms and the involved part of the artery were resected, and arterial continuity was restored with an end-to-end anastomosis; in the other infant, reconstruction was done using a venous interposition graft. All three infants were diagnosed with duplex ultrasonography, and the child requiring a more complex reconstructive procedure was also evaluated with helical contrast computed tomography. Brachial artery pseudoaneurysms are a rare but possible complication of multiple venipuncture in infants. Early diagnosis and microvascular reconstruction are key points in managing these injuries.

Aneurysm, False↗
PubMed2002

Analysis of sharps injury occurrences at a hospital in Singapore.

Relatively little attention has been directed to investigating the risks of sharps injuries in Singapore. This study examines the epidemiology and causes of sharps injuries at a university teaching hospital. The type of instruments, site of injuries and personnel involved in each sharps injury were determined retrospectively by reviewing the Incident Reports forms and Infection Control records between 1997 and 2000. Descriptive information on the forms and records were extracted and collected on standard charts. The data were then analysed using SPSS Windows software. The rates of sharps injuries were 11.0 per 100 medical staff and 6.9 per 100 nursing staff. Medical staff yielded highest proportion of sharps injuries rendering 33 cases (40.2%), followed by 24 cases involving nursing staff (29.3%) and 12 cases of nursing students (14.6%). In total, 62.2% of injuries were caused by hollow bore needles (51 cases). Non-hollow bore needle injuries only accounted for 17.1% of total injuries (14 cases). Hollow bore needles accounted for the highest proportion of sharps injuries in this study, corresponding to findings in other studies. Rates of injuries were similar to the rates found at another local hospital. At the hospital studied, sharps with safety features had effectively produced no reported cases of sharps injuries.

Catchment Area, Health↗
PubMed1996

Blood donation-related neurologic needle injury: evaluation of 2 years' worth of data from a large blood center.

BACKGROUND: There is little information in the medical literature on t he clinical spectrum of blood donation-related neurologic needle injury and on its frequency in a blood donor population. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Sixty-six cases of blood donation-related neurologic needle injury were identified from nursing reports made during a 2-year collection period involving 419,000 whole blood donations. Telephone follow-up was completed on 56 of the 66 cases to better define clinical symptoms, the donor's desire for physician consultation, recovery times, and residual effects. RESULTS: Symptoms in 66 donors included numbness or tingling (n = 54), excessive or radiating pain (n = 43), and loss of arm or hand strength (n = 8). Of the 56 donors with complete follow-up, 17 (30%) consulted a physician one or more times. Recovery times in these 56 donors were <3 days (n = 22), 4 to 29 days (n = 17), 1 to 3 months (n = 13) 3 to 6 months (n = 2), and >6 months (n = 2). Fifty-two of 56 donors achieved a full recovery, and 4 other donors had only a mild, localized, residual numbness. The incidence of blood donation-related neurologic needle injury was 1 of every 6300 donations. CONCLUSION: While donor recovery may in some cases require a great deal of time and/or physician consultation(s), total recovery appears to be the rule. The incidence of blood donation-related neurologic needle injury is relatively low.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sharps injury: prevention and management.

Nurses are at risk of infection through injuries caused by infected sharps and needles. The authors discuss the prevention and management of such injuries.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed2006

Cutting down on sharps injuries.

A collaborative and participative approach is helpful in reducing the transmission of bloodborne pathogens and other sharps-related injuries.

Blood-Borne Pathogens↗