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At least 811 records · Page 45Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

The evaluation of uterine activity: a comparative analysis.

In this study a comparison is made between the most widely accepted method of expressing uterine activity, Montevideo units, and an automated on-line method expressed as uterine activity units. Although the actual numerical expression differs, the percentage of variation when the two values are compared is small at various phases of labor. The variation between the methods for uterine activity required to progress from 4 to 6 cm cervical dilatation and from 6 to 10 cm cervical dilatation is less than 5%. Both methods closely agree on the actual expression of uterine activity or uterine work.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1977

Short tube decompressive jejunostomy.

Experience with short tube decompressive jejunostomy in twenty-nine patients with small bowel obstruction is presented. Many advantages are gained by operative decompression of obstructed, dilated small bowel. The favorable results with its use make short tube decompressive jejunostomy a safe, acceptable method of decompressing dilated small bowel.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Hyperparathyroidism. A review.

Hypercalcemia with and without clinical manifestation appears to be diagnosed with increasing frequency. If hypercalcemia persists with no other obvious reasons, hyperparathyroidism can be suspected with a high degree of certainty. Surgical treatment requires confidence, patience and a thorough knowledge of the embryologic peculiarities and anatomic variations of these glands. In 88 percent of our 71 patients, a solitary benign parathyroid adenoma was diagnosed by light microscopy. Parathyroid four-gland hyperplasia was found in 5.6 percent of the patients and multiple adenoma in 3 percent. The cause of hypercalcemia was not found in 3 percent. All patients treated with parathyroidectomy responded well, with calcium levels returning to normal. Our results confirm that this conservative approach to parathyroidectomy without multiple gland biopsy is the better and more acceptable method of dealing with hyperparathyroidism. Multiple gland dissection biopsy, chest exploration and parathyroid implantation are necessary only in very difficult cases.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1983

Colonoscopy: an essential monitoring technique after resection of colorectal cancer.

A pilot study was undertaken to determine the usefulness of colonoscopy in the postoperative follow-up of patients with colorectal cancer. Of 56 patients, 9 (17 percent) had positive intraluminal examinations, including one recurrent cancer and three large polyps (greater than 1 cm) despite normal barium enema films. Twenty percent had negative colonoscopic findings which ruled out suspicious lesions on roentgenograms. More than one third had alterations in therapy as a result of colonoscopic examination. Colonoscopy is a useful and fruitful diagnostic aid in the follow-up of colon cancer. It should be used early in the postoperative period and added at rational intervals in long-term surveillance. It appears to complement other accepted methods of detecting recurrence.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1986

Repositioning catheters in surgically drained abscesses.

Primary percutaneous drainage of intraabdominal abscesses under local anesthesia is an accepted method of treatment, with low morbidity and mortality. This technique was extended to patients with recurrent or secondary abscesses after initial primary surgical drainage. Four patients had abscesses drained operatively but were reevaluated several weeks later for recurrent fever. Sinography demonstrated an inadequately drained abscess cavity. Under fluoroscopic control and using local anesthesia, new drains were inserted and repositioned to provide better drainage. Resolution of the abscess cavity was documented radiographically, with improvement in the patients' clinical status.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1994

Elective removal of convexo-concave Björk-Shiley valves.

Replacement has been an accepted method for treating advanced cardiac valvular disease for more than 25 years. However, the perfect prosthesis has yet to be developed, judging by the number of devices available. A prosthesis that initially appears promising may cause problems in due course, and indeed some devices have been modified or withdrawn from clinical use. A notable example of a prosthetic valve that has give problems is the Björk-Shiley convexo-concave prosthesis, some models of which have undergone mechanical failure due to strut fracture. We report the elective removal of such a valve and the subsequent examination of the prosthesis. The results of this examination suggest that a policy of elective removal is justified.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Ergonomics of the physical environment: international ergonomics standards concerning speech communication, danger signals, lighting, vibration and surface temperatures.

This paper considers standards relevant to environmental ergonomics, and includes those that have been, or are likely to be, produced by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), under ISO TC 159 SC5 'Ergonomics of the physical environment' and working groups of CEN TC 122 'Ergonomics'. It includes descriptions of standards concerned with speech communication in noisy environments, visual and auditory danger signals, lighting, vibration, skin contact with hot surfaces and others. It is noted that for historical and organizational reasons, some standards relevant to this area are not developed by ergonomics standards committees. The ergonomist can use international standards to ensure use of the best available data and internationally accepted methods. Standards will not determine workplace design but can provide a useful 'starting point' for successful design.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1978

Separation of transcriptively active and inactive chromatin. Agarose gel chromatography.

Sheared chromatin fractionated by currently accepted methods of agarose gel exclusion chromatography, undergoes a limited and non-specific aggregation resulting from the high ionic strength and divalent cation concentration of the column elution buffer. Such aggregation causes the artifactual appearance of radioactively labeled, newly synthesized RNA within the column exclusion volume, erroneously suggesting an enrichment for actively transcribed chromatin. Claims for the efficacy of agarose gel exclusion as a method for separating template-active and -inactive chromatin are based largely on assays for active chromatin which rely on localization of specific molecular complexes of chromatin and nascent RNA. Under the conditions employed, the present studies invalidate this assay and thus cast considerable doubt on the agarose gel exclusion method itself.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

A study of the use of ultrasonically nebulized lignocaine for local anaesthesia during fibreoptic bronchoscopy.

The use of nebulized lignocaine, with and without intravenous diazepam premedication, was compared with lignocaine given by bolus in 52 patients undergoing fibreoptic bronchoscopy (FOB). Changes in airflow, cardiac rhythm, and transcutaneous PO2 were recorded, and patient acceptability, blood lignocaine levels, and the duration of the procedure were also monitored. Nebulized lignocaine alone provide adequate anaesthesia and the procedures were performed more quickly (P less than 0.05) than when bolus lignocaine was used. Nebulized lignocaine without diazepam was acceptable to the patients and was not associated with the significant (P less than 0.03) falls in transcutaneous PO2 which followed diazepam administration. Nebulized lignocaine, with and without, diazepam premedication is a safe, effective and acceptable method of inducing topical anaesthesia for FOB.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1986

The use of an independent panel to assess the long term results of cleft lip repair.

The importance of an accepted method of assessment of the long term results of unilateral cleft lip repair is recognised. A series of 20 children was assessed by two separate panels of judges, using standardised clinical follow up photographs, and their results compared. One of the panels made a second assessment of the 20 children. The method was tested statistically for intra- and inter-observer reliability and was found to be reproducible. Such a method may have a place in comparing the long term results of different surgical techniques of cleft lip repair.

Child↗
PubMed1983

A FORTRAN program for stratified analysis of data from case-control studies.

Stratification of study subjects by one or more covariates is a commonly accepted method for dealing with confounding and effect modification in epidemiologic case-control studies. A flexible FORTRAN program is described which facilitates simultaneous stratification by several covariates and which produces summary odds ratio estimates and chi-square statistics by the Mantel-Haenszel method. It also facilitates detection of effect modification by each covariate considered individually. Straightforward means are provided for the user to modify input data before analysis or to exclude certain subjects from analysis, simulating such capabilities in larger statistical packages.

Computers↗
PubMed1990

A macro-driven Lotus 1-2-3 template for calculating and plotting receiver-operator characteristic curves for clinical laboratory tests.

Receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis has become an accepted method of evaluating the efficiency of clinical laboratory tests. The calculations necessary to plot such curves are not difficult, but are repetitive and time consuming. Such calculations are easily done by computers. The availability, ease of use and graphics capabilities of spreadsheet programs such as Lotus 1-2-3 lend themselves to these applications. In this article, we describe such an application.

Clinical Laboratory Techniques↗
PubMed1982

A clinical trial of norethisterone oenanthate (Norigest) injected every two months.

A clinical trial was carried out in which Norigest (200 mg norethisterone oenanthate) was administered by intramuscular injection every 56 days into 383 women studied for 5,521 woman-months of use. No pregnancies occurred. Continuation rates at the end of one, two and three years were 76.6%, 63.7% and 33.8%. Only minor side-effects were recorded. After one year of use, 20.1% women had gained more than 2 kg in weight and 14.8% had lost more than 2 kg. There was marked disruption of the menstrual pattern and irregular bleeding was the major cause of discontinuation. In 38% of the injection intervals analysed, women were amenorrhoeic. Norigest proved an effective and acceptable method of fertility control.

Amenorrhea↗
PubMed1990

A comparative study of the safety, effectiveness and acceptability of two foaming vaginal tablets (nonoxynol-9 versus menfegol) in Thai women.

Two foaming vaginal tablets containing nonoxynol-9 (OVT-n) or menfegol (OVT-m) were studied to evaluate safety, effectiveness and acceptability. The study was conducted at the Chulalongkorn University, Institute of Health Research, Bangkok, Thailand. One-hundred-two women randomly assigned to one of the two types of tablets were scheduled for follow-up visits at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months. Although there were differences between the two groups in the gross cumulative 12-month life table rates and 12-month continuation rates, these differences were not statistically significant. Twelve-month discontinuation rates for accidental pregnancy were 31.7 per 100 women for OVT-n group and 25.3 per 100 women for the OVT-m group. Seventeen of the total 22 pregnancies occurred due to use failure. This study indicates that the regular and proper use of OVT-n or OVT-m tablets are comparable and are a safe means of birth control. Although a few product-related (burning) or medical complaints were reported by both groups of tablet users, it seems that the vaginal contraceptive is an acceptable method for fertility control in a suitable population who will use it regularly and properly.

Administration, Intravaginal↗
PubMed1993

A preliminary report of Norplant implant insertions in a large urban family planning program.

During the 21-month period between August 1, 1991, and April 30, 1993, 2,358 women received Norplant system insertions in either Parkland Memorial Hospital or the Dallas Maternal Health and Family Planning clinics. Forty-three percent of these women were teenagers with 14% 16 years of age or less. Overall, 431 patients received Norplant implants insertions postpartum prior to discharge from the hospital. To date, 138 Norplant systems have been removed, with the proportion of contraceptive implant removals among teenagers being essentially the same as that in more mature women. Of the reasons given by women discontinuing the Norplant system, an unanticipated high incidence of pain in the arm containing the implants, hair loss, and mood changes were noted. We have found the Norplant system to be a highly effective and highly acceptable contraceptive method for a large number of indigent women.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Inflatable splints: do they cause tissue ischaemia?

The effect of increasing pneumatic splint pressure on cutaneous oxygen tension measured transcutaneously (TcPO2) was investigated in 12 subjects. The mean initial TcPO2 was 70.6 mmHg. TcPO2 decreased linearly on increasing the pressure within the splint. TcPO2 became zero at a mean splint pressure of 28 mmHg. Second, three accepted methods used by the ambulance crew to assess inflation pressures of the splint were investigated and found to be unreliable. In the light of these findings the risk of ischaemic complications as a result of applying pneumatic splints to a fractured limb is discussed. We advocate a recommended maximum splint pressure of 15 mmHg and that the splint should be manufactured with a security blow-off valve set at 15 mmHg.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Premenstrual tension: a placebo-controlled efficacy study with spironolactone and medroxyprogesterone acetate.

Forty-three healthy women with a characteristic history of premenstrual tension participated in a placebo controlled, crossover study. The effects of spironolactone (Aldactone) and medroxyprogesterone acetate (Gestapuran) on ten symptoms of premenstrual tension were evaluated. Placebo tablets as well as spironolactone and medroxyprogesterone acetate significantly improved a mood index score (which is a generally accepted method to measure premenstrual symptoms). Spironolactone and medroxyprogesterone acetate were however both significantly (P less than 0.05) better than placebo in relieving the symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Analysis of recombinant human growth hormone in Escherichia coli fermentation broth by micellar high-performance liquid chromatography.

A method for the reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) determination of recombinant methionylaspartyl-human growth hormone (MD-HGH) in Escherichia coli fermentation broth is described. The technique utilizes mobile phases containing n-propanol and the anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) under micellar conditions at pH 6.4. The methodology is directly applicable to the analysis of samples solubilized via sulfitolysis in the presence of SDS, and offers superior resolution in comparison with chromatography in the absence of the surfactant. Using this method, acceptable precision (day-to-day R.S.D. = 4.9%), accuracy, selectivity, range, linearity and ruggedness were achieved.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗