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At least 811 records · Page 45Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Tissue reactions towards titanium implants inserted in growing jaws. A histological study in the pig.

In this investigation, the tissue reactions towards titanium implants inserted in growing jaws of pigs were studied by means of histology. At the age of 12 weeks, 5 test pigs each received 4 Brånemark System titanium implants (fixtures). The fixtures were inserted immediately after extraction of the mesial root of the second deciduous premolar (P2) and the deciduous canine (C) on one side of the mandible and the mesial root of the first deciduous premolar (P1) on the other side. The fourth implant was placed after extraction of the deciduous lateral incisor (L) on one side in the upper jaw. Furthermore, 1 pig in which no extractions or fixture installations were performed served as a control. All pigs were followed for 165 days with clinical, radiographic and biometric examinations, the results of which have been previously presented. In this study, 10-microns-thick ground sections were produced for histology after the jaws had been fixed by immersion in formalin and further processed and embedded in plastic resin. Six of the fixtures originally inserted were lost during the experimental period, and the remaining implants were found to be involved with mineralized bone to varying degrees. Regarding the fixture-to-teeth relationship, it was found that, in the premolar region of the lower jaw, the teeth were positioned superior to and buccally angulated in relation to the fixtures. In the upper jaw, the implants were positioned below the adjacent teeth but centrally in the alveolar process. Tooth germs adjacent to the fixture had a displaced eruption path, buccally or lingually to the fixture. If the bud developed in close contact with the fixture, a changed morphology of the germ could be observed.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed2002

[Growth and morphogenesis of the craniofacial bones. Applications in orthodontics. The concepts of J. Delaire].

The present report about J. Delaire's lecture summarizes his approach to: the nature and physiology of the membranous sutures, the "neural" and "adaptive" growth of the cranial base, the "central" and "cortical" development of the maxillary, the role of the premaxillary "skeletal entity" in the development of the anterior part of the face, the "bifocal" development of the mandible, the architectural balance of the craniofacial set (leading to the author's cephalometric analysis).

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1989

[Development of the dental arch and the palate from a prosthodontic point of view].

The replacement of missing teeth by a fixed restoration in the juvenile dentition presents various problems. One of them is that the growth and development of the entire masticatory organ continues until around the 18th year of age. It was the goal of a longitudinal study to find out when a fixed tooth replacement can be used in an adolescent without impairing the final development of the jaw bones. For this reason the transverse and sagittal dimensions of the dental arches of male adolescents aged 14 to 18 years were measured every year, and the palatal surfaces were measured in the first and last year of the study. The values determined for the dental arches remained constant. The mean values and deviations revealed no significant differences. From a prosthodontic point of view the development of the dental arches and the palate may be considered as concluded.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

A comparative study of development during primary palate formation in A/WySn, C57BL/6, and their F1 crosses.

Preliminary to a study comparing the morphological differences in facial growth of A/WySn (25% cleft lip) and C57BL/6 (0% cleft lip) mice, the growth and development of these strains and their reciprocal F1 hybrids was examined. Litters of these four populations were observed at D 10/8, D 10/20, D 11/8, and D 11/20 and scored for crown-rump length (CRL), somite number, and stage of facial development. Analysis of the data showed that, at any given gestational age, a hierarchy exists in which A/WySn is the smallest (based on CRL), has the fewest somites, and has the least-developed face. It is followed by the A/WySn-C57BL/6 (AC) cross, C57BL/6, and the C57BL/6-A/WySn (CA) cross, in order of increasing growth and development. The significant differences occurring between AC and CA indicate that maternal effects exist in A/WySn that retard the growth and development of its progeny. When the four populations were compared at similar facial stages, there was no significant difference between A/WySn and C57BL/6 in CRL or somite number. However, the hybrid populations tended to have significantly fewer somites and to be significantly larger than the parental populations at comparable stages of facial development. This suggests that, although somatic growth and development are coordinated with facial development in both cleft lip-susceptible and resistant strains, the association can be influenced by hybrid vigor. Thus, maternal effects do not appear to produce cleft lip through selective retardation of facial development in the purebred A/WySn. Nonetheless, these effects may still potentiate the expression of cleft lip.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Treatment planning for the mixed dentition malocclusion--treatment and goals.

The mixed dentition stage of development may provide a useful window of opportunity to embark upon orthodontic therapy to correct an isolated malocclusion or provide preliminary treatment as a precursor to more comprehensive therapy at a later stage of the patient's physical development. As in all forms of orthodontic treatment, the planning of any correction must be carried out with care so that meaningless tooth movement can be avoided. Growth modification procedures can also be considered during this stage of development but, as this is connected intimately to increased height velocity, these procedures are most usefully carried out in the late mixed dentition, or more frequently in the early permanent dentition as this coincides more closely with peak height velocity. Several studies have suggested that approximately 20 per cent of patients presenting with a malocclusion can be treated appropriately during the mixed dentition. There would appear to be a genuine risk of falling off in cooperation levels in needed, permanent dentition treatment in many patients who have experienced one or more treatment procedures at an earlier stage in dental development. These findings reinforce the need for careful treatment planning during the mixed dentition.

Activator Appliances↗
PubMed1996

Bone grafting for the alveolar cleft defect.

Seventy-five percent of all cleft lip and palate patients have osseous defects of the alveolus. Bone grafting of this defect normalizes facial and dental function. Failure to reconstruct the osseous deformity may result in oronasal fistula, fluid reflux, speech pathology, anteroposterior deficiency of the maxilla, transverse deficiency of the maxilla, lack of bone support for the incisors and cuspids, dental crowding, and facial asymmetry. Bone grafting unifies the maxilla and is best done after the majority of facial growth is complete and the secondary dentition is erupting. This is known as secondary bone grafting and yields the best results. The dentofacial deformity of cleft lip and palate is best managed by coordination of dental development, surgery and orthodontics.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Dental and facial skeletal characteristics and growth of females and males with Class II Division 1 malocclusion between the ages of 10 and 14 (revisited). Part II. Anteroposterior and vertical circumpubertal growth.

Growth changes in the dentition and the facial skeleton of boys and girls with Class I malocclusion from 10 to 14 years of age are presented, and the changes are compared with those for children with Class II Division 1 malocclusion. Radiographs of 335 children with Class II Division 1 malocclusion and 273 Class I controls were assessed. Radiographs were converted to x and y coordinate data, and 52 commonly used linear, angular, and coordinate axis measurements were made. Both the Class II Division 1 and the control groups were subdivided into 6 samples according to sex and skeletal age (10, 12, and 14 years +/- 6 months; chronological age ranged from 8.5 to 15.5 years). The mean plots from the coordinate data for the Class I boys and girls at 14 years were superimposed over the mean plots for the 10-year-old groups, creating circumpubertal growth standards. The standards are supported by growth vector diagrams and other data and lead to the following conclusions: (1) boys and girls with Class I malocclusion differ distinctly from each other in the amount and the direction of circumpubertal growth; (2) radiographic composite standards are useful and accurate clinical tools to show mean dentofacial skeletal growth and change between 10 and 14 years of age; (3) compared with the controls, the maxillary dentition of girls with Class II Division 1 malocclusion grows more horizontally, the maxillary (but not the mandibular) incisors procline farther, and the mandible grows more horizontally; (4) compared with the controls, the midfacial convexity in Class II Division 1 boys is markedly increased, due to more horizontal growth at A-point and less horizontal growth at nasion and pogonion, and maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth are proclined farther; (5) angular measurements involving S, N, A-point, B-point, and Pog are useful only when the position of N is known; and (6) cranial base flexure bears no relationship to the development of Class II Division 1 malocclusion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

The effect of surgically induced anterior disc displacement of the temporomandibular joint on the midface and cranial base.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of unilateral TMJ disc displacement on the midface and cranial base. STUDY DESIGN: Thirteen 10-week-old rabbits, eight controls and five experimental were included in this study. The five experimental rabbits had surgically created unilateral disc displacement. Animals were sacrificed at 22 weeks and frontal, occlusal, and lateral oblique radiographs were made of the skulls. RESULTS: The occlusal radiograph demonstrated that the glenoid fossa on the experimental side was located more anterior. The oblique radiograph demonstrated the root of the zygomatic arch the experimental side was inferior. The anterior aspect of the fossa was more inferior on the frontal radiograph. CONCLUSIONS: A previous study suggested a shortening in the ramal height. This study suggests an alteration of the cranial articular fossa. Thus, it is suggested that disc displacement is capable of producing asymmetry in the developing mandible and cranial base.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[A technic for osteotomy of the malar bone].

On the basis of the results of osteotomy of the malar in malunion of facial fractures, the authors suggest the use of this operation in the correction of maxillary malformations including faulty development of the cheeks. Two cases are described.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

The relationship between craniofacial structures and the nose in Anatolian Turkish adults: a cephalometric evaluation.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the facial skeletal and the nasal profile in Anatolian Turkish adults. This prospective study was conducted at Gazi University, Faculties of Dentistry and Medicine, in Ankara, Turkey. METHODS: The sample included 262 Turkish adults (167 women, 95 men), aged 18 to 30 years. Fifteen facial skeletal parameters and 12 nasal parameters (10 soft tissue and 2 nasal skeletal) were measured on lateral cephalograms. Analysis of variance, Duncan test, and Pearson correlation analysis were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The anteroposterior and vertical classifications were found to be significant with analysis of variance in certain parameters such as nasolabial angle (P < .05), nasomental angle (P < .001), and soft-tissue facial convexity (P < .001). Sex was also found to be significant for nasal length (P < .001), nasal depths (P < .05, P < .001), and hump (P < .01), in addition to soft-tissue facial convexity (P < .01). The results also showed correlations between the skeletal and nasal parameters. Facial heights, lengths, and the anteroposterior/vertical position of the maxilla and mandible were found to be correlated to nasal length and form. CONCLUSIONS: Nasal length, prominence, and form are associated with height and length of the maxilla and the mandible. Posterior-inferior development of the face results in a convex nasal profile, whereas anterior development produces a straight or concave nasal profile.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Nonextraction treatment of severe Class II, division 2 malocclusions. Part 2.

Nonextraction treatment of a severe Class II, Division 2 malocclusion is presented. Timing, sequencing of appliance therapy, and segmental arch treatment are discussed. The effects of orthodontic treatment, pubertal growth, and postpubertal growth are illustrated with different growth responses. Correction of the handicapping malocclusion was achieved by the development of arch circumference, torque, intrusion of incisors, and vertical buccal dentoalveolar development. Various subtypes of Class II, Division 2 malocclusion are presented. Pretreatment and posttreatment records are evaluated.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed2003

Dento-alveolar development in unilateral cleft lip, alveolus and palate.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Palatal surgery for cleft lip, alveolus and palate is considered to have the most powerful negative impact on maxillary growth. The aim of this study was to compare dento-alveolar development of the permanent dentition and morphology of the palate after surgery in unilateral cleft lip, alveolus and palate patients following two types of palatoplasty: supraperiosteal flap vs mucoperiosteal flap technique. PATIENTS: Thirty-eight patients born between 1976 and 1983 with a complete unilateral cleft of lip, alveolus and palate were studied. Fifteen patients were treated with supraperiosteal flaps (SP group), and the other 23 patients with mucoperiosteal flaps (MP group). In this cross-sectional study, dental casts of stage IV A of Hellman's dental age in each patient were used. METHODS: The following distances were measured: (1). transverse distance C-C', (2). transverse distance M-M', (3). palatal length, (4). palatal height. RESULTS: No statistically differences were seen between the SP and MP groups regarding C-C' and M-M'. However, palatal length and palatal height were significantly greater in the SP than in the MP group. CONCLUSION: The technique that leaves no denuded palatal bone is considered to be advantageous for the development of the alveolar process.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Do we really want a quick fix?

Dental practitioners have been encouraged recently to take a more structured long term view of their continuing professional development, in particular being wary of any 'weekend' courses apparently offering 'quick fix' solutions to their clinical problems.

Adolescent↗