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Field test and experimental use of CYBEST model 2 for practical gynecologic mass screening.

CYBEST is an automated cytologic screening system for uterine cancer utilizing a pattern-recognition image-analysis system. The prototype was developed in 1972 following fundamental studies of feature extraction, feature evaluation using ambiguity differential functions and segmentation of cell and nuclear images. Model 2 was developed in 1974 with an improved mechanism and function. The parameters employed are nuclear size, nuclear optical density, N/C ratio and nuclear shape. The data of field tests using 220 samples containing three cases of dysplasia, 110 cases of carcinoma and 107 nonmalignant cases were as follows: two false-negative cases (1.8%), 13 false positives (12.1%) and one reject (0.9%). This system was experimentally tested for practical mass population screening with 1,829 cases including 17 atypical cases (four epidermoid carcinomas). The data were as follows: no false-negative cases and 581 false-positive cases (32.1%). Of the latter, 311 cases (17.2%) were pathologic samples, such as severe cervicitis, senile colpitis, Trichomonas infestation, etc., and the remaining 270 cases (14.9%) were within physiologic limits, corresponding to true false-positive samples.

Autoanalysis↗
PubMed2001

Justification of measurement of eight congeners levels instead of twenty congeners of dioxins for mass screening of human exposure.

Measurement of blood dioxin levels to monitor human exposure is tedious and expensive work, although high-resolution mass spectrometers equipped with high-resolution gas chromatography are becoming relatively common in Japan. The Ministry of Health and Welfare and the Environmental Agency require measurement of 17 dioxins, seven PCDDs and 10 PCDFs, according to a statement in "Dioxin Measurement Guidelines" published in 1997. Additionally, three coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls, for which TEFs were determined, have been included for measurement ad libitum. Recently, we have examined 316 blood samples from four groups of subjects, living in areas 5 km away from any incinerator (A), within 2 km from incinerators that emitted slightly higher levels of dioxins than the allowed level (higher than 80 ng/Nm3) (B), within 2 km of an incinerator which emitted a high level of dioxin (C), and workers at this incinerator (D), for dioxin levels by measuring 20 congeners, including three coplanar PCBs. The average pg TEQ/g lipid values were 23.8 +/- 12.3, 25.6 +/- 11.6, 39.1 +/- 18.8 and 100.7 +/- 127.4 for A, B, C and D, respectively. It was found that more than 90% of the total TEQs of the subjects in all groups were accounted for by eight congeners, 2,3,7,8-TCDD, 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD, 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDD, 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF, 3,3',4,4',5-PeCB, 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF, 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDF and 2,3,4,6,7,8-HxCDF. This is also the case for a further 30 blood samples that had no connection with incinerators. Further, regression analysis of the 346 samples leads to an equation of y = 1.109x - 1.077, with a correlation coefficient, r = 0.9996. Here, y = total pg TEQ of 20 congeners/g lipid of blood, and x = total pg TEQs of eight congeners/g lipid. Accordingly, we propose that measurement of eight instead of 20 congeners is appropriate to obtain dioxin TEQ values of blood, at low cost, with high accuracy and with high efficiency, in a short time.

Adult↗