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At least 811 records · Page 45Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Leiomyosarcoma metastatic to the liver: CT appearance.

Leiomyosarcoma is an uncommon malignancy that metastasizes to the liver and lungs. Each of the three cases of leiomyosarcoma metastatic to the liver examined by computed tomography demonstrated similar morphologic and dynamic characteristics. Common features included hepatomegaly and large, circumscribed "cannonball" lesions that distorted normal hempatic architecture. These larger metastases were sharply defined with central necrosis and were accentuated by contrast enhancement of normal surrounding liver. Smaller perfused metastases often became isodense following contrast medium administration. This combination of features and effects should alert one to the possible diagnosis of metastatic leiomyosarcoma and cautions against underestimating the extent of disease by having precontrast control scans for comparison.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Small bowel adenocarcinoma metastatic to the ovaries in a 12-year-old girl.

PURPOSE: Small bowel adenocarcinoma is a rare cancer and usually occurs in elderly males. A 12-year-old girl with metastatic small bowel adenocarcinoma and her clinical course are described. The difficulties in making the pathologic diagnosis and the literature are also reviewed. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A 12-year-old girl had partial small bowel obstruction and bilateral ovarian enlargement. Exploratory laparotomy revealed a jejunal tumor with bilateral ovarian involvement and extensive peritoneal and pelvic studding. The pathologic diagnosis of small bowel adenocarcinoma was made. RESULTS: The patient had a moderate response to therapy with 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, and alpha-interferon before developing progressive disease unresponsive to therapy with topotecan, taxol, or carboplatin. She survived for 23 months after diagnosis. CONCLUSION: Making an accurate diagnosis of tumors metastatic to the ovary can be difficult and requires attention to histologic detail. Small bowel adenocarcinoma is usually a chemoresistant tumor with extremely poor outcome. This patient had a moderate response to chemotherapy and a prolonged survival compared to that of patients previously reported.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An analysis of surgical versus chemotherapeutic intervention for the management of intestinal obstruction in advanced ovarian cancer.

The objective of this study was to compare the treatment outcomes of surgical versus chemotherapeutic interventions for the management of intestinal obstruction secondary to metastatic epithelial ovarian cancer. A retrospective analysis of 39 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer who had 98 events of intestinal obstruction was performed. A medical records review of patients treated for advanced ovarian cancer from 1973 to 2003 was conducted. Time from treatment to obstruction, complications, and predictors of outcome were analyzed. Mean time from diagnosis of cancer to first obstruction was 38 months (range, 7-234 months). Of 39 patients with obstruction, 5% were stage I, 2% stage II, 85% stage III, and 8% stage IV. Prior to first obstruction, the median number of prior surgeries was 2 and chemotherapy regimens 3. Sites of the 98 events of obstruction were small intestine, 79 (81%); large intestine, 8 (8%); and combined small and large intestines, 11 (11%). The mean time to re-obstruction was 6.4 months (0-24) for chemotherapy, 5.1 months (0-40) for surgery, and 1.9 months (0-15) for supportive care. The mean hospital stays were 7 days (2-10) for chemotherapy, 18 days (3-50) for surgery, and 7 days (0-20) for supportive care. There were 4 major complications in the chemotherapy patients, 11 in the surgical patients, and 2 in the supportive only patients. The only significant factor predictive of > or =6 month obstruction-free period was prior response to platinum-based chemotherapy. Of the 13 patients with a response to chemotherapeutic or surgical treatment, 46% had an initial response to platinum-based chemotherapy, while 27% of 22 patients who re-obstructed in <6 months were platinum sensitive. In this retrospective analysis of selected patients, surgery and chemotherapy were found to have similar outcomes. The surgical approach had higher morbidity. The best predictor of either treatment's effectiveness is tumor sensitivity to platinum-based chemotherapeutic agents (P= 0.168).

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Role of intestinal metaplasia in the histogenesis of gastric carcinoma.

Recent evidence suggests that intestinal metaplasia (IM) cannot be regarded as a single entity. A simple classification of IM and its variants based on histological and mucin histochemical criteria was devised, and the incidence of IM subtypes in cancerous and benign gastrectomy specimens was recorded. A particular subtype was associated with 'intestinal' cancers but not with tumours considered to arise in normal gastric epithelium (P < 0.01) or with benign lesions (P < 0.01). This subtype appeared to lack absorptive cells at light microscopic level and secreted both neutral and acid mucins, including marked amounts of sulphomucin but no O-acetyl sialomucin.

Gastric Mucosa↗
PubMed1995

Malignant transformation in a fatal case of giant cell tumour of the sacrum.

Most giant cell tumours can be treated by local surgery and only rarely are they life threatening. We report a case of a giant cell tumour of the sacrum causing irresectable and fatal small bowel obstruction following malignant transformation of the tumour. The role of radiotherapy in this transformation is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Angiographic evaluation of carcinoid tumors of the small intestine: the value of epinephrine.

The angiographic features in 5 cases of carcinoid tumors of the small intestine are discussed. Findings included irregularity and narrowing of the distal mesenteric and intestinal arcade arterial branches, minimal parenchymal stain, and obstructed venous return. A stellate arterial configuration was not noted. In 2 cases in which epinephrine was employed, tumor staining of the primary lesions and their hepatic metastases was markedly enhanced. Possible mechanisms of action for the pharmacoangiographic effect of epinephrine are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Experimentally induced small-bowel tumor in rabbits: US-guided percutaneous 18-gauge core biopsy.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and diagnostic yield of percutaneous 18-gauge core biopsy for an experimentally induced small-bowel tumor in a rabbit model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Small-bowel tumors were induced by injecting VX2 tumor into 20 rabbits. After 3 weeks, the small bowel was filled with 100 mL of 2% diluted contrast agent containing methylene blue by using a 5-F catheter. Fifty biopsy firings for small-bowel tumor were performed with ultrasonographic (US) guidance by using an 18-gauge automatic gun. Computed tomography (CT) was performed before and immediately after biopsy. Any procedure-related complications, including leakage of air or fluid, hematoma, and perforation as seen at CT and identified at laparotomy, which was performed 48 hours after biopsy, were evaluated. White blood cell (WBC), red blood cell, and platelet counts; hemoglobin and hematocrit levels; and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were also obtained before and 48 hours after biopsy. Comparison was performed with paired t test. The diagnostic yield was calculated, and the specimen was evaluated whether fragments of mucosa were included or not. RESULTS: No contrast agent leakage or pneumoperitoneum suggesting perforation was identified at CT or laparotomy. Fluid leakage was observed with manual squeezing at two biopsy sites (4%). In two rabbits, hemoperitoneum was observed at CT or laparotomy. Hematoma larger than 3 cm was observed in six rabbits. WBC count and erythrocyte sedimentation rate slightly increased, and red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and platelets counts had decreased slightly after biopsy but were not significant (P >.05). Definitive histologic diagnosis of tumor was obtained in 44 (88%) of 50 biopsy sites. Fragments of mucosa were observed in 13 (28%) specimens of 10 rabbits. CONCLUSION: Core biopsies of small-bowel tumor can be performed safely with an 18-gauge gun without severe complications and allow histologic diagnosis of small-bowel tumor with a good diagnostic yield.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

The lipid-chemical features of the metastatic tissues into the liver from the human gastric cancer, large intestinal cancer and malignant insulinoma.

In order to clarify the biochemical features of metastatic tissues into the liver of human cancerous cells, 12 of primary cancerous tissues and 3 of metastatic tissues of the large intestinal cancer, 6 of primary cancerous tissues and 2 of metastatic tissues of the gastric cancer, and 3 of primary cancerous tissues and 3 of metastatic tissues of malignant insulinoma were studied lipid-chemically. Cancerous tissues and metastatic tissues into the liver were collected by biopsy or surgical operation. From each tissue, the total lipid was extracted and one part of the total lipid was separated into phospholipid and triglyceride by TLC. Then, the fatty acid composition and the fatty acid content of each lipid fraction were measured by GLC. The most remarkable findings were recognized in the phospholipid fatty acid composition of the tissues. Namely, the percentage values of C14:0 and C16:1 were larger and that of C20:4 was smaller in metastatic tissues than those of gastric primary lesions. As for the large intestinal cancer, the percentage value of C18:1 was smaller and that of C18:2 larger in metastatic tissues than those of primary lesions. In the malignant insulinoma, the percentage value of C18:0 was larger in metastatic tissues than that of the primary lesions.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed2000

Synchronous primary adenocarcinoma of the lung and leiomyosarcoma of the small intestine.

The occurrence of synchronous epithelial cancer of the lung and leiomyosarcoma of the small intestine is rare. We report here the case of a 62-year-old man with adenocarcinoma of the lung in clinical stage IIIB (T4N0M0). After two courses of chemotherapy (cisplatin, 80 mg/m2 and mitomycin C, 8 mg/m2) the patient developed symptoms of a small bowel obstruction. Palliative surgical resection was performed and a leiomyosarcoma of the small intestine was found and defined by an immunohistological study. The resection ameliorated the patient's symptoms. The patient died of disseminated adenocarcinoma 26 months following chemotherapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1978

Lymphocyte cytotoxicity in the X-irradiation induced rat small bowel adenocarcinoma. II. Presence of cytotoxic lymphocytes in irradiated animals.

Cytotoxic peripheral blood lymphoid cells were demonstrated in both Holtzman and Lewis Brown-Norway rats which had received 2000R of local X-irradiation to the temporarily hypoxic, exteriorized, ileum and jejunum regardless of whether a small bowel adenocarcinoma subsequently developed. The cytotoxic response, which was detectable at two days, was quite evident by day 5 post-irradiation. No evidence of cross-reacting tumor antigens was obtained when similarly processed effector cells from Holtzman rats bearing a spontaneous mammary carcinoma were incubated with cell cultures derived from the small bowel adenocarcinoma. These findings indicate X-irradiation of the small bowel initiates lymphocyte sensitization that is manifested as in vitro cytotoxicity against cell cultures of the adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1998

Intestinal lymphosarcoma in captive African hedgehogs.

Two captive adult female African hedgehogs (Atelerix albiventris) had inappetance and bloody diarrhea for several days prior to death. Both hedgehogs had ulceration of the small intestine and hepatic lipidosis. Histopathology revealed small intestinal lymphosarcoma with metastasis to the liver. Extracellular particles that had characteristics of retroviruses were observed associated with the surface of some neoplastic lymphoid cells by transmission electron microscopy. These are the first reported cases of intestinal lymphosarcoma in African hedgehogs.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Gardner's syndrome and villous adenoma of jejunum.

A case of Gardner's syndrome in association with villous adenoma of the jejunum is presented. The discussion stresses that the presence of small intestinal neoplasia in Gardner's syndrome, especially of duodenal sweep and pancreas, is not an infrequent occurrence. Life-long follow-up after total colectomy is indicated for these patients.

Adenoma↗
PubMed2003

[Principles of differential diagnosis and strategy in acute intestinal obstruction].

Intestinal obstruction is diagnosed as one of two kinds--small intestine and large intestine obstruction. They differ in etiology of the obstacle, pathogenesis and degree of clinical picture. The cause of the small intestine obstruction in patients having laparotomy in medical history is the formation of commissures. In patients with intact abdomen the cause of low obstruction was torsion and intussusception, the cause of high obstruction was the obturation with a bile calculus and a foreign body. Causes of the large intestine obstruction were obturation with a tumor and torsion. Napalkov's test is expedient but when suspecting the small intestine obstruction. Conservative treatment is possible in commissural small intestine obstruction (12-24 h) and in large intestine obturation obstruction (not longer than 2h).

Acute Disease↗