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PubMed2005

New approaches to health promotion and informatics education using Internet in the Czech Republic.

The paper describes nowadays information technology skills in the Czech Republic. It focuses on informatics education using Internet, ECDL concept and the links between computer literacy among health care professionals and quality of health care. Everyone understands that the main source of wealth of any nation is information management and the efficient transformation of information into knowledge. There appear completely new decisive factors for the economics of the near future based on circulation and exchange information. It is clear that modern health care cannot be built without information and communication technologies. We discuss several approaches how to contribute to some topics of information society in health care, namely the role of electronic health record, structured information, extraction of information from free medical texts and sharing knowledge stored in medical guidelines.

Health Promotion↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nursing informatics: career opportunities inside and out.

As more and more health care organizations adopt computerized information systems, and as the first faint beginnings of a trend toward implementation of computerized nursing information systems make themselves felt, nurses from all areas are being drafted into computer-related occupations. That there is a need for more and better computer education in baccalaureate, graduate, and clinical areas is becoming self-evident as well. Meanwhile, job opportunities in the field now known as nursing informatics are becoming available, and computer-savvy nurses must be ready, able, and willing to take the best advantage of these opportunities.

Career Mobility↗
PubMed2006

Factors influencing success and failure of health informatics systems--a pilot Delphi study.

OBJECTIVES: The aim is to gain information on factors influencing success and failure for Health Informatics applications from a group of medical informaticians. METHODS: Based on the presentations at a special topic conference on success and failure in Health ICT and analysis of the proceedings, we conducted a Delphi study on success and failure aspects. RESULTS: A total of 110 success factors and 27 failure criteria were identified, distributed on categories like functional, organizational, behavioral, technical, managerial, political, cultural, legal, strategy, economy, education and user acceptance. These factors and criteria were rated for six different system types. Unanimously it was agreed that "collaboration and co-operation" and "setting goals and courses" are "essential for the success" of clinical systems, and "user acceptance" for educational systems. Similarly, the score "essential in order to avoid a failure" were given unanimously on clinical systems for "response rate and other performance measures" and on administrative systems for "not understanding the organizational context" with "not understanding or foreseeing the extent to which the new IT-system affects the organization, its structure and/or work procedures" as the highest scoring sub-item. CONCLUSIONS: All success factors and failure criteria were considered relevant by the Delphi expert panel. There is no small set of relevant factors or indicators, but success or failure of a Health ICT depends on a large set of issues. Further, clinical systems and decision support systems depend on more factors than other systems.

Delphi Technique↗
PubMed2006

Case study: factors in defining the nurse informatics specialist role.

Healthcare organizations, consultant groups, vendor companies, and academic institutions feel the challenge to enhance user experiences with information systems. To meet this challenge, organizations and companies are looking to better understand and utilize a variety of informatics roles to further marketing, business, or healthcare goals. Nursing is one practice area that can support the successful integration of information systems development, implementation, support, and user experience. However, the definition and development of such a role or position has met with mixed success. This article explores some of the issues and influences related to the role's development. The issues, impacts, and influences have been identified based on healthcare business assessment, job description analysis, employment and project evaluations, and professional standards set by the American Nurses Association.

Humans↗
PubMed2005

Informatics tools to improve clinical research.

During the conduct of complex clinical trials, there are numerous sources and types of data collection and project coordination problems. Methods and approaches to address the conduct of a trial vary in both the cost and time to perform and the potential benefit. Informatics tools can help trial coordinators and investigators ensure the collection of high quality research data during all phases of a clinical trial.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed2005

The life and death of URLs in five biomedical informatics journals.

With the increased use of the World Wide Web has come an increase in the number of Uniform Resource Locator (URL) references cited in journals. Out of the 17,698 references we collected from five biomedical informatics journals between 1999 and 2005, 6.8% contained URLs. Overall, 22.6% of these URLs were inaccessible. In-press articles had 10.8% unavailable URLs. Approaches that guarantee permanent access to URL citations of scientific publications are needed.

Bibliometrics↗
PubMed2005

INFOBIOMED: European Network of Excellence on Biomedical Informatics to support individualised healthcare.

INFOBIOMED is an European Network of Excellence (NoE) funded by the Information Society Directorate-General of the European Commission (EC). A consortium of European organizations from ten different countries is involved within the network. Four pilots, all related to linking clinical and genomic information, are being carried out. From an informatics perspective, various challenges, related to data integration and mining, are included.

Biomedical Research↗
PubMed2006

Medical informatics in medical research - the Severe Malaria in African Children (SMAC) Network's experience.

OBJECTIVES: Computers are widely used for data management in clinical trials in the developed countries, unlike in developing countries. Dependable systems are vital for data management, and medical decision making in clinical research. Monitoring and evaluation of data management is critical. In this paper we describe database structures and procedures of systems used to implement, coordinate, and sustain data management in Africa. We outline major lessons, challenges and successes achieved, and recommendations to improve medical informatics application in biomedical research in sub-Saharan Africa. METHODS: A consortium of experienced research units at five sites in Africa in studying children with disease formed a new clinical trials network, Severe Malaria in African Children. In December 2000, the network introduced an observational study involving these hospital-based sites. After prototyping, relational database management systems were implemented for data entry and verification, data submission and quality assurance monitoring. RESULTS: Between 2000 and 2005, 25,858 patients were enrolled. Failure to meet data submission deadline and data entry errors correlated positively (correlation coefficient, r = 0.82), with more errors occurring when data was submitted late. Data submission lateness correlated inversely with hospital admissions (r = -0.62). CONCLUSIONS: Developing and sustaining dependable DBMS, ongoing modifications to optimize data management is crucial for clinical studies. Monitoring and communication systems are vital in multi-center networks for good data management. Data timeliness is associated with data quality and hospital admissions.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2006

The practical impact of ontologies on biomedical informatics.

OBJECTIVES: To examine recent research work in the development and evaluation of controlled biomedical terminologies - especially, the representation of structured, controlled definitional knowledge about the terms themselves; such terminologies are often referred to as 'ontologies'. METHODS: A review of the published literature using PubMed, as well as full-text searches of recent Medinfo and American Medical Informatics Association (AMIA) Symposia proceedings, searching for the terms 'ontology' and 'ontologies' and for articles discussing specific, prominent ontological work. RESULTS: We summaries the ontologic aspects of twelve current terminology projects: Galen, the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS), the Medical Entities Dictionary (MED), SNOMED-CT, LOINC, the Foundational Model of Anatomy (FMA), the Gene Ontology (GO), ISO Reference Terminology Model for Nursing Diagnosis, NDF-RT, RxNorm, the NCI Thesaurus, and DOLCE+. We discuss the origins, domain, and ontologic representation of each of these and attempt to summarize the impact that each has had on terminologic work and biomedical applications. We also note the contributions of the Protégé tool to many of these efforts. CONCLUSION: Terminologic research and development have advanced significantly in the past 20 years, especially since the recent orientation toward controlled biomedical ontologies. This work has had significant impact on the development of terminologies themselves, their acceptance and dissemination as standards, and their use in supporting biomedical information systems.

Knowledge Bases↗
PubMed2006

Informatics-based learning resources for patients and their relatives in recovery.

In this paper we describe experiences from design of an informatics-based learning resource for patients and relatives. The prototype, REPARERE (learning REsource for PAtients and RElatives during REcovery), aims to support patients and their family recovering from heart surgery in meeting challenges in to daily living post discharge. Using recovery experiences and patient teaching material, REPARERE includes examples of textual information, video-clips, images and illustrations relevant to the recovery trajectory and a user's digitally represented profile. The development of the prototype focuses on flexibility and usability, tailoring and sequencing resources, and inclusion of recommendations for universal access. Development of web-based learning resources allows for exploration of 'just-in-case' and 'just-in-time' strategies to information retrieval and knowledge construction in health and learning trajectories. Findings from the literature, discussions with patients as well as health care providers indicate that unfulfilled information needs in the recovery period are common. Resources like REPARERE would be valuable supplement to facilitate patient learning about symptom management, self-care and coping while recovering.

Family↗
PubMed2006

Methods in informatics: Development of a multiattribute utility questionnaire for feeding decisions in the neonatal intensive care unit.

Evidence that guides practice is gleaned from objective data and from the inherent value set of the decision maker. This study depicts the construction and initial testing of a multiattribute utility (MAUT) instrument for discerning feeding choices of neonatal nurse practitioners (NNPs) for the clinical problem of choosing between early enteral feeds and late enteral feeds for premature infants in a neonatal intensive care unit. Based on an individual's preferences, a decision may vary from that recommended by the objective data in the literature yet may represent a choice that is internally consistent with individual knowledge and values. Deconstructing and evaluating decisions using a method such as the MAUT can provide valuable information to support the development phase of decision support applications in the field of informatics.

Decision Support Systems, Clinical↗
PubMed2006

Migrating a lecture in nursing informatics to a blended learning format--A bottom-up approach to implement an open-source web-based learning management system.

At the university of applied sciences in Germany a learning management system has been implemented. The migration of classic courses to a web-enhances curriculum can be categorized into three phases independent of the technology used. The first two phases "dedicated website" and "database supported content management system" are mainly concerned with bringing the learning material and current information online and making it available to the students. The goal is here to make the maintenance of the learning material easier. The third phase characterized by the use of a learning management system offers the support of more modern didactic principles like social constructionism or problem-oriented learning. In this papers the phases as they occurred with the migration of a course of nursing informatics are described and experiences discussed.. The absence of institutional goals associated with the use of a learning management system led to a bottom-up approach triggered by faculty activities that can be described by a promoter model rather than by a process management model. The use of an open source learning management systems made this process easier to realize since no financial commitment is required up front.

Education, Distance↗
PubMed2006

Redesigning the nursing informatics education for nurse managers.

In order to redesign our short course for reeducating nurse managers, we investigated a pre-lecture score and a post-lecture score to find out the background knowledge of Japanese nursing managers in nursing informatics, and to ascertain the effects of a preliminary short course. The results helped us to select five topics out of all topics for which more time was necessary, for teaching our new short course for nursing managers.

Curriculum↗
PubMed1991

Doctoral specialization in nursing informatics.

A prototype program of doctoral study has been developed at the University of Maryland School of Nursing to prepare students with nursing expertise in the conceptualization and research of computer based information systems in hospitals, industry and other health care organizations. The graduate will be prepared to design effective nursing information systems; create innovative information technology; conduct research regarding integration of technology with nursing practice, administration, and education; and develop theoretical, practice, and evaluation models for nursing informatics.

Education, Nursing, Graduate↗
PubMed1991

An integrated informatics curriculum in a baccalaureate nursing program.

As health care requirements change, nurses will not only have to process and communicate more information, but the nature and types of this information will dramatically change as well. It is imperative that nurses understand the potential information technologies offer to assist the nurse in this expanded role. This paper describes an innovative endeavor to incorporate information technology with its undergraduate nursing program. The challenge was to design a program that would help develop the students' skills to critically appraise their information needs and conceptually evaluate the utility of gathering information in providing patient care. After completing the first nursing informatics course, there was an increase in the students' perception and understanding of the uses of information technology to support the nursing process in providing patient care.

Attitude to Computers↗
PubMed1991

[Informatics in nursing practice: a new challenge for the nurse].

The study does a critical analysis about the nurse's insertion and role in the informatic applied to health. It brings up the importance of nurse's envolvement in the implantation projects of the automatized systems information, the necessity of acquiriment knowledge and control about this technology so that it can be used as a useful work instrument, aiding the decision process and rationalizing the work, with the main objective to improve the nursing practice.

Brazil↗
PubMed1990

Medical informatics: an emerging medical discipline. Council on Scientific Affairs and Council on Long Range Planning and Development of the American Medical Association.

The use of computer technology in medicine is no longer the domain of only a few "gadget" happy high-tech aficionados. The rapid pace of medical progress and the increasing demands on physicians' time mandate that mechanisms be developed to deliver the tools of contemporary information management directly into the hands of all practicing physicians. It is with this intent that the Council on Long-range Planning and Development and the Council on Scientific Affairs of the American Medical Association have developed an informational report on Medical Informatics. The technology for producing information about medicine and patients is well into the information age. However, the technology for managing this information has not kept up, at least to the extent of being available in medical facilities where it is needed. Most users of medical information, physicians included, have not crossed the threshold into the electronic/computer era of information acquisition, distribution, and assimilation. The continuing development of the physician as computer user will create a more efficient work environment for the physician while at the same time improving patient care.

Databases, Bibliographic↗
PubMed1990

[Informatics in the School of Medicine of the University of Chile. II. The school network and access to data bases].

Projects on informatics at the School of Medicine of the University of Chile are being brought about in accordance with both its institutional goals and present trends in technology. Prominent among the latter are the widespread distribution of autonomous processing power represented by low-cost computers and the ease of communication at local and worldwide levels. Our main project has been the design and start of a computer network that integrates the School's Departments and the geographically dispersed teaching hospitals. The principal services provided by the network are local and international electronic mail, access to data bases, and emulation of mainframe terminals (eg, to run remotely a mainframe's statistics software). Automated bibliographic search has been made available both through remote access to Medline data base and through local usage of compact disc (CD-ROM) versions. Since our network is open, it should become a forceful mean of assisting and integrating the biomedical community throughout the country.

CD-ROM↗