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At least 811 records · Page 45Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Where is the ideal heart valve substitute? What has frustrated its realization?

Laboratory and clinical experience in cardiac valve operations and use of imperfect but serviceable valve substitutes over the past four decades have framed the general specifications for an ideal heart valve substitute. This report covers four major aspects of prosthesis characteristics. (1) Implantability: Essentially stable, viable tissue-to-prosthesis linkage is achievable with a porous fixation element. (2) Hemodynamics: Minimal resistance and efficient opening and closing are best attained with bioprostheses and homografts. (3) Thromboembolism: Thromboembolism is a persistent problem with mechanical valves. It is minimized by biological valves and abolished, experimentally, by appropriately encapsulated implants. (4) Durability: Mechanical valves are best. Tanned bioprostheses undergo "spontaneous degeneration"; untanned homografts are a little better. Knowledge and technology are needed to develop a synthetic leaflet membrane that possesses inherent physical, visco-elastic-rheologic properties of natural valve leaflets and is compatible with natural healing processes.

Bioprosthesis↗
PubMed1983

Frustrated readers at Khon Kaen Medical School.

Ability in English is essential for Thai medical students. 34 fifth-year students completed two cloze tests from two standard English language text-books to assess their comprehension. One of these tests was from a recommended text-book. 65% of students had poor understanding of the recommended text (Text A). Results were significantly better from the other text (Text B), but only one student had good understanding. The medical course needs more appropriate English teaching and more appropriate English text-books. More information is needed about which books students learn from.

Education, Medical, Undergraduate↗
PubMed2006

Thirty years of use and improvement of remote sensing, applied to epidemiology: from early promises to lasting frustration.

Remote sensing, referring to the remote study of objects, was originally developed for Earth observation, through the use of sensors on board planes or satellites. Improvements in the use and accessibility of multi-temporal satellite-derived environmental data have, for 30 years, contributed to a growing use in epidemiology. Despite the potential of remote-sensed images and processing techniques for a better knowledge of disease dynamics, an exhaustive analysis of the bibliography shows a generalized use of pre-processed spatial data and low-cost images, resulting in a limited adaptability when addressing biological questions.

Communicable Diseases↗
PubMed2004

The call from the newborn screening laboratory: frustration in the afternoon.

Newborn screening programs in the United States are evolving in concert with technologic advances in analytic chemistry and medicine. Many more disorders are being identified on dried filter paper blood spots without fundamentally altering the basic principles first put forward in the 1960s. Some disorders have been added without researchers knowing if there is a true benefit to early diagnosis and treatment; some disorders currently being detected will merit little or no follow-up in the future. The general principles underlying newborn screening are discussed, as are the individual disorders screened in most programs. The expanding and evolving impact of tandem mass spectrometry on newborn screening is also explored.

Blood Chemical Analysis↗
PubMed1989

Portrait of the scientist as a frustrated writer.

The purpose of this report is to show that a number of scientists feel dissatisfied with the rigid structure of the scientific article as a pattern of communication. Through examples taken from specialized medical journals, we follow their way from sporadic literary quotations supporting their own texts to attempted literary creations on scientific and moral issues.

Humans↗
PubMed2003

Frustrated demand for postpartum female sterilization in Brazil.

During the last three decades, Brazilians have relied almost exclusively on two contraceptive methods, the pill and female sterilization, with sterilization use increasing over time. Until a new law was passed in 1997, sterilization was virtually illegal and not covered by either public or private health insurance. It was, however, frequently provided in public and private hospitals in conjunction with a cesarean section. The new law regulating sterilization provided for reimbursement for interval sterilizations by public health insurance, but placed restrictions on availability intended to reduce the use of cesareans. These restrictions included the prohibition of postpartum sterilizations. This paper focuses on women's sterilization intentions during pregnancy and their experiences postpartum. In a prospective study of 1612 pregnant women carried out in four Brazilian cities, there was substantial demand for postpartum sterilization in both the private and public sectors among women who wanted no more children. However, public patients were much less likely to be sterilized than private patients. Thus, the new law may not have reduced inequities in access or, paradoxically, the incentive for unnecessary cesarean sections.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Fear and frustration--the Liverpool cholera riots of 1832.

Public mistrust in the medical profession is not new. We describe a series of street riots that took place in the city of Liverpool in north-west England in 1832 during a cholera epidemic. The disturbances were directed primarily against the local medical fraternity. The episode is of interest, since the same city recently experienced a similar crisis of confidence between doctors and public. On this occasion the cause was not cholera, but rather the reports from Alder Hey Children's Hospital that organ parts from deceased infants undergoing necropsy had been kept for several years without parental consent.

Attitude to Health↗