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At least 811 records · Page 45Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

The generation of spatial population distributions from census centroid data.

"Census data are commonly used in geographical analysis and to inform planning purposes, though at the disaggregate level the basis of enumeration poses difficulties. In this paper an approach to surface generation is described that offers the prospect of revealing an underlying population distribution from centroid-based data which is independent of zonal geography. It is suggested that this can serve a wide variety of analytical, cartographic, and policy purposes, including the creation of spatial indicators of economic and social conditions and enhancing the value of census data. The approach is illustrated by reference to an analysis of part of the valleys of South Wales, in the United Kingdom."

Censuses↗
PubMed1989

A new class of dynamic macrosystem models with self-reproduction.

"The author considers a class of macrosystems where the relaxation time of the distribution process of elements is significantly less than the relaxation time of the self-reproduction process. The proposed model of such macrosystems defines the system of differential equations with nonlinearity generated by the solution of a mathematical programming problem with an entropy objective function. Methods for the structural analysis of this model are considered, and applications to demographic modelling, biological dynamics and chemical kinetics are given."

Demography↗
PubMed1989

Intraregional income distribution and poverty: some investigations for the Netherlands, 1960-81.

"This paper is addressed to intraregional income inequalities in the Netherlands. Various concepts are used to measure the degree of regional poverty. In addition, dissimilarity between intraregional income distributions is studied. At the provincial level, relatively small and decreasing dissimilarities are observed. However, at lower spatial levels (especially within metropolitan areas) much larger dissimilarities in mean income and income distribution occur. In the Netherlands, urban poverty has become a more intense and widespread phenomenon than rural poverty."

Demography↗
PubMed1991

Household modelling and forecasting--dynamic approaches with use of linked census data.

The author proposes improved methods of household modeling, using dynamic models rather than the headship rate method. "Reasons are discussed why this method has been criticised in recent years.... The advantages of dynamic models are discussed, and a number of alternative dynamic models of household formation and dissolution are presented. The data source used is the Office of Population Censuses and Surveys 1% longitudinal study, which contains linked information on 500,000 people in the 1971 and 1981 England and Wales Censuses of Population."

Developed Countries↗
PubMed1991

Forecasting state and local population growth with limited data: the use of employment-migration relationships and trends in vital rates.

In this study, the rate of growth of state and local populations in the United States is related to the growth rate of national employment, and to demographic and economic features of the regions concerned, in order to make more realistic long-term population projections. Both natural increase and migration are taken into account in the model developed. "The model is estimated for two regions, the El Paso, TX, standard metropolitan statistical area (SMSA) and the State of New Mexico. Several statistical problems arise because of the limited number of available time-series observations. Fully dynamic historical simulations track the population quite closely, in one case never differing from the actual value by more than 1.17% and in the other never differing by more than 1.36%."

Americas↗
PubMed1996

Projecting interregional migration balances within a multiregional cohort-component framework.

"The main themes of the paper are developed in three parts. First, the setting for the study is established by reviewing the foundational theory of multiregional population projections, and by detailing how interregional migration is projected within this approach. Second, we will identify the requirements for making multiregional population projections in Canada and undertake to explain why the conventional approach to projecting interregional migration produces less than satisfactory results. Third, an alternative method for projecting interregional migration is proposed."

Americas↗
PubMed1996

Modelling urban-rural population growth in China.

"The population of China is still growing despite a dramatic decline in fertility in the past two decades. There are marked urban-rural differentials in fertility and, as a result, the pace of urbanization has significant effects on population growth. In this research an attempt is made to model urban-rural population growth in China. A demoeconomic model of urban and rural sectors is calibrated to account for the long-term trend of urbanization in China.... An accounts-based urban-rural population model, in which rural to urban migration and transition are driven by the foregoing demoeconomic model, is established.... These models are used to make urban-rural population projections for the period 1988-2087 under various fertility rate assumptions."

Asia↗
PubMed1998

Use of the census samples of anonymised records (SARs) and survey data in combination to obtain estimates at local authority level.

"The Samples of Anonymised Records (SARs) provide large representative samples of 278 small areas of Britain and are thus of great value to planners. This paper describes an approach which takes advantage of the fact that the SARs comprise individual records. Estimates of the proportions of local authority populations suffering serious illness were produced by use of data from the 4th National General Practitioner Morbidity survey and the 2% anonymised sample of individual 1991 Census records. These estimates were compared with external validation criterion, all-cause mortality. The correlation was high, providing some evidence of the validity of the approach."

Cause of Death↗
PubMed1998

Using the SARs to add policy value to household projections.

"Household projections are at the centre of the debate about future housing requirements in England. The Census of Population Sample of Anonymised Records offers actual and potential opportunities to ¿add value' to traditional projections. This article gives examples of such added value, including testing definitional sensitivity of projection outcomes, assisting further detailed disaggregation of projected components, assisting the matching of household projections to dwelling supply, and offering scope to explore via data linkage the relationships between household projections and ¿backlog' housing needs, affordability, dwelling size, and tenure."

Data Collection↗
PubMed1989

Description and validation of a method for simultaneous estimation of effective population size and mutation rate from human population data.

A method is presented for utilizing population data on electrophoretic variants of proteins to estimate simultaneously the effective sizes (Ne values) of the populations in question and the rate of mutation resulting in electromorphs at the loci whose products were surveyed. The method is applied to data from 12 relatively unacculturated Amerindian tribes for whom census data and independent estimates of the number of different electrophoretic variants at 27 loci are available. Because of tribal demographic structure, Ne should be less than the current number of reproductive-aged adults. In fact, it is substantially greater for 7 tribes, most likely due to intertribal migration and a recent decrease in tribal size. Estimates of locus mutation rates for the 27 loci vary by more than a factor of 20, with an average of 1.1 x 10(-5) per locus per generation. This latter estimate is in satisfactory agreement with the results of other indirect approaches to the estimation of mutation rates in these tribes but about two times higher than the results of direct estimates based on these same loci in studies on civilized populations. This discrepancy could be due to the above-hypothesized migration and to decreases in tribal size.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Demographic characteristics of the Lambwe Valley population.

Thirty-four per cent of the population (11,079) in the Lambwe Valley study site was under the age of 10, and 59% were under the age of 20. The population was equally divided among males and females (M/F 0.99). The crude birth rate averaged 45%; the death rate was 8% and the natural increase averaged 37%. Infant and child mortality was 66% and 108% respectively. The average household size was 8.4 individuals. The population migrated to the Lambwe Valley primarily from other areas in Kenya, although 13% were from Tanzania. The predominant tribal group was Luo (59%) followed by the Abasuba (38%). A few Luyha and Kisii were also encountered. Population increased by 3.5-fold in the 1960s, followed by a 2.5-fold increase in the 1970s. Due to an aerial spray tsetse control programme, sleeping sickness had a low prevalence in October 1981 (one of 5749). Of 339 individuals confirmed as sleeping sickness patients by hospital records from within the study site 320 (94.3%) were traced to their homes. Mortality in domestic cattle (40%), goats (47%), sheep (55%), and dogs (50%) had occurred over the previous two years during an outbreak of trypanosomiasis.

Age Factors↗