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PubMed1987

Antigenic and cytochemical characterization of cells adhering to intrauterine contraceptive devices.

Eighteen copper intrauterine devices (IUDs), removed after 25 months of use, were examined to evaluate cells adhering to them (IAC). By means of monoclonal antibodies, the antigenic phenotype of IAC was studied, along with some IAC cytochemical properties. Sixty percent of IAC were identified as granulocytes based on morphological, cytochemical, and antigenic characteristics. A small proportion of IAC were shaped like large foreign-body macrophages, with multiple picnotic nuclei, and diffused alpha naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE) activity. Some IAC identified as macrophages from a morphological view point also showed dipeptidyl-diaminopeptidase IV (DAPIV) reactivity, previously described only in T-helper lymphocytes. Most IAC identified as macrophages reacted with the monoclonal antibodies OKM1 and HLA-DR, and showed ANAE activity in the form of small multiple granules. The hypothesis that IUD-adhering macrophages with an ANAE+, DAPIV+, OKM1+, and HLA-DR+ phenotype could play a role in the inactivation of spermatozoa can be proposed.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1973

Effect of copper-containing intrauterine contraceptive devices on human cells in culture.

Intrauterine devices containing copper were introduced into cultures of adult and fetal cells. The Dalkon shield had no apparent effect on cell growth. The Gravigard device caused inhibition of growth and an increase in copper concentration in the supranatant medium. When the latter device was transferred through a series of subcultures the rate of release of copper decreased and growth was no longer inhibited.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1968

Gonorrhoea and the intrauterine contraceptive device.

Though pelvic infection in women fitted with an intrauterine device (I.U.C.D.) is reported to be rare, three cases, gonococcal in origin, are presented. These case histories suggest that the presence of an I.U.C.D. increases the severity of gonorrhoea, while removal of the device before antibiotic therapy is probably essential for proper management. The literature and our experience suggest that where pelvic infection and an I.U.C.D. coexist gonorrhoea should be considered a likely diagnosis.

Adult↗