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At least 811 records · Page 45Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Rapid palatal expansion. Part 2: Dentoskeletal changes in cats with patent versus synostosed midpalatal suture.

Intercanine expansion (C-C) following rapid palatal expansion is made up of sutural displacement (Sd-Sd), tooth tip (Tt-Tt), tooth displacement (Td-Td), and alveolar process tipping and bending (At+b-At+b). The involvement of these four components was studied on 10 rapid palatal expansion treated and two control cats during an active phase (25 days), a retention phase (60 days), and a relapse phase (60 days). The midpalatal suture was analyzed for linear measurements, radiopaque versus radiolucent zones and optical density from occlusal radiographs. Nine treated cats exhibited sutural split and one treated cat showed no split as a result of synostosis of the suture. The contribution of the four constituents [(Sd-Sd):(Tt-Tt):(Td-Td):(At+b-At+b)] to the C-C expansion changed from active to relapse phase from [45%:15%:25%:15%] to [50%:25%:25%:0%] in the animals with sutural split and from [0%:40%:60%:0%] to [0%:0%:100%:0%] in the cat without sutural split, implying the major role of sutural displacement in patent suture, and tooth displacement in synostosed suture. The latter indicates the potential buccal corticalis fenestration, dehiscence or perforation in synostosed suture undergoing RPE. In patent suture (animals with sutural split), optical density increased during rapid palatal expansion (soft tissue build-up) and decreased during retention (remineralization) and relapse phases (medial convergence of the palatal processes). In the animal without sutural split, a continuous decrease in the optical density (predetermined ossification) was found. The progressive six-fold surge in coefficient of variation of C-C expansion during the relapse phase indicates limitation in predicting rapid palatal expansion stability. Clinically, the use of serial occlusal radiographs during rapid palatal expansion is recommended to evaluate patency and extent of retention period.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Eruption of the permanent upper canine: a radiologic study.

The early detection of eruptive anomalies of the upper canine requires an understanding of its normal eruptive pattern. We studied this pattern in terms of upper canine inclination and its relation to the lateral incisor, on the basis of the panoramic radiographic records of 305 children aged 4 to 12 years. The study sample comprised 554 maxillary canines in the oral pre-emergence phase of eruption. Subject age, sex, inclination of the canine (CI), its relation to the lateral incisor (RCLI), and development of the lateral incisor (DLI) were evaluated. The results show that the canine erupts, increasing its inclination mesially until a maximum is reached, at about 9 years of age, after which the tooth begins to progressively upright itself. The individual variability of the degree of CI at a given age is considerable. In the initial stages, the RCLI is most commonly characterized by overlapping, a situation rarely seen in the final stages. The DLI effectively discriminates both periods, because when DLI is incomplete, more than half of the cases have an overlapping RCLI. In contrast, when the DLI is complete, this overlapping is seen in only 7% to 11% of the cases. This variable therefore increases the capacity to detect a possible eruptive anomaly at an early stage. In patients with complete DLI and overlapping RCLI, particularly when associated with other clinical signs such as the nonpalpation of the cuspid bulge in the alveolar process, the presence of dental agenesis, ankylosis, malformations, or ectopic eruptions, extraction of the primary canine is advised to prevent impaction.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1990

Diagnostic imaging of tumor invasion of the mandible.

Several imaging techniques, such as conventional radiography, sonography, computed tomography, isotope scanning and magnetic resonance tomography are used for evaluation of malignant tumors in the region of the floor of the mouth and the tongue. At present, conventional radiography, as well as computed tomography and isotope scanning are the techniques preferred for examination of the mandible. In this study, the results of conventional radiographic examination, computed tomography, ultrasound and Tc scanning in detecting tumor invasion of the mandibular bone, are documented and correlated to surgical and histological findings. The results suggest that ultrasound--our primary diagnostic imaging technique for evaluation of tumors of the floor of the mouth and the tongue--not only provides excellent imaging of tumor extension in soft tissue but also allows accurate diagnosis of osteodestructions of the mandible. In most regions ultrasound had the same accuracy in detecting tumor invasion of the mandible. In the alveolar process, however, sonography was superior to other imaging techniques. The lingual surface of the mandibular ramus can not be screened by the extraoral sonography.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1992

Autogenous maxillary bone grafts in conjunction with placement of I.T.I. endosseous implants. A preliminary report.

Small bone defects due to atrophic, traumatic or periodontal bone loss can be grafted with autologous bone grafts taken from the maxillary tuberosity. This study presents a 1-3 years follow-up of 22 patients who were treated according to this technique. Thirty-two implants were placed 6 months after bone grafting. All implants were functioning well at the time of investigation.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Nasolabial flap for the reconstruction of defects of the floor of the mouth.

Nasolabial flaps can be used for local reconstruction of moderate defects of the anterior oronasal structures. In a 10-year period 59 flaps were used in 43 patients to cover defects of the nose, lip and anterior structures of the oral cavity (floor of mouth, tongue, alveolar process). The fate of 26 of the flaps used for reconstruction of defects of the floor of the mouth in 16 patients, were reviewed. All flaps, 6 uni- and 10 bilateral, were inferiorly based. Dehiscence, which occurred twice, and loss of one flap were the main complications. The indications and the technique are discussed. The nasolabial flap is a good alternative for the reconstruction of moderate defects of the floor of the mouth, especially in older patients and even after high doses of preoperative radiotherapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Cation-mediated conformational variants of surfactant protein A.

Surfactant protein A (SP-A) is the major protein of pulmonary surfactant. This protein is implicated in regulating surfactant secretion, alveolar processing, recycling, and in non-serum-induced immune response. An increasing body of work indicates the importance of cations, particularly calcium, on SP-A function. However, little information exists on the effects of cations on SP-A quaternary structure. Here, the quaternary organisation of bovine surfactant protein A in the presence of cations has been quantitatively and systematically studied by transmission electron microscopy. The conformation of SP-A is altered by the presence of cations, especially calcium, then sodium, and to a small extent, magnesium. There is a transition concentration, unique for each cation, at which a conformational switch occurs. These transition concentrations are: 5 mM for CaCl2, 100 mM for NaCl and 1 mM for MgCl2. Below these concentrations, SP-A exists primarily in an opened form with a large head diameter of 20 nm; above it, SP-A is mostly in a closed form due to a compaction of the headgroups resulting in a head diameter of 11 nm. There is a corresponding increase in particle length from 17 nm for opened SP-A to 20 nm for closed SP-A. The fact that the transition concentrations are within physiological range suggests that cation-mediated conformational changes of SP-A could be operative in vivo.

Calcium Chloride↗
PubMed1991

Early secondary osteotomy-stabilization of the premaxilla in bilateral clefts.

Using the same arguments as for early bone grafting of the alveolar process in unilateral clefts, the cleft team of the University of Nijmegen started about 10 years ago to apply early osteotomy-stabilization of the premaxilla to bilateral clefts. A series of 13 cases with a minimum follow-up of 15 months is presented. The patients were operated on at the age of 8 2/12 to 12 5/12 years. The results are considerably better than when doing the same operation in the adult. More than 90% are successful. In comparison with adults we additionally register more favourable eruption of the canine, the possibility of closing the dental arch without prosthetic appliances and in some cases also the elimination of a psychological handicap. The inhibition of growth by this operation seems not to be important. If need be, Le Fort I osteotomies are possible after completion of growth. They will be in one piece which is technically easier than the usual three-segment Le Fort I. In conclusion we prefer early secondary osteotomy and stabilization of the premaxilla to the tertiary operation.

Alveoloplasty↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Long-term results after horseshoe sandwich osteotomy of the edentulous maxilla as a preprosthetic procedure.

The long-term results in 30 patients with maxillary atrophy who have been operated on using a horseshoe sandwich osteotomy and interpositional bone grafting are reported. The postoperative period ranges from 1-4 years. Lateral cephalometric X-rays, models and clinical investigations served to determine the resorption rate and the postoperative results. It could be shown that the vertical resorption rate amounts to 1.8 mm (20%) after 3 years. The sagittal resorption rate was about 1 mm with a wide individual range. Clinical investigation revealed satisfactory results in 28 patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Congenital fistula with an island of vermilion-epithelium in the paramidline of the upper lip: report of a case.

An extremely rare case of a congenital fistula with an island of vermilion-epithelium in the paramidline of the upper lip in a 17-year-old male is presented. The fistula was located in the paramidline of the philtrum dimple, and mucoid secretion from the fistula was noted. The fistula's orifice opened in the center of a well-defined, slightly dimpled, round, vermilion-like epithelium just above the vermilion border. The fistulous tract terminated in a cul-de-sac and its end was located near the alveolar process. Fistulectomy was carried out via an extra-oral approach and the epithelial defect was closed using a rotation flap. Histological examination revealed that the fistula was lined by squamous epithelium with sebaceous and mucous glands, and vermilion-like area island consisted of thin keratinized stratified squamous epithelium without skin appendages, the same as the epithelium of the lip vermilion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Prenatal diagnostics of cleft deformities and its significance for parent and infant care.

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to demonstrate clefts of the secondary palate in embryos found to have cleft lip in order to evaluate the validity of prenatal ultrasound examination and, thus, to assess the significance of this diagnostic method for coordination and care of parents and infant. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Over a period of 2.5 years, 7 fetuses with cleft deformities were examined sonographically during the 20th and 25th gestational week. The results were compared to postnatal clinical diagnosis. This study was made by two experienced examiners using 2D ultrasound devices (Acuson 128 XP-10/ C7; Toshiba Aplio XV). Postnatal clinical diagnosis was made by an orthodontist. RESULTS: Three of the ultrasound-based diagnoses coincided with the postnatal result. In three of the examined cases the extent of the cleft was underestimated, whereas a greater extent suspected in one patient could not be confirmed clinically. CONCLUSION: The results of the present study support the propositions of current literature: Diagnosis of a cleft of the lip and the alveolar process could correctly be made by an experienced ultrasound diagnostician. However, problems arise with clefts of the secondary palate.

Cleft Lip↗
PubMed1987

Plate osteosynthesis of 367 mandibular fractures. The unrestricted indication for the intraoral approach.

Experience in the management of 916 fractures of the mandible stimulated us to develop new methods and surgical techniques for functionally-stable intraoral internal plate osteosynthesis. The development of a fixation bar which is adapted to the alveolar process of the fractured mandible enables a compression of this area prior to the plate osteosynthesis. This procedure facilitates the plate application from the intraoral approach so that in 358 cases all types of fractures of the body, angle and ascending ramus can be reduced using this access, and not only the selected favourable cases. A new plate and screws of our own design have been successfully used in cases with comminuted multifragmentary and defect fractures. The rigid fixation of the head of the screws to the plate produces an optimal functional stability compared with conventional systems. The combination of the advantages of an external fixation device and those of stable internal osteosynthesis produces a long term functional stability even in cases with extensive defects where delayed consolidation is to be expected; tilting and loosening of the screws or resorption of the compact bone underneath the plate do not occur. Thus the extraoral approach and visible skin incisions can be avoided. This procedure is time sparing and less traumatic to the soft tissues compared with the extraoral approach. The extremely low complication rate in 358 fractures managed by plate osteosynthesis using the intraoral approach confirms the efficiency of this method.

Bone Plates↗
PubMed1989

Metric results of vestibuloplasty in unilateral cleft patients.

Vestibuloplasty was performed on patients with completely closed cleft lip/alveolus or cleft lip/palate, using a mesh of polyglactin for covering the epithelial defect on the alveolar process. The vestibular height in the region of the teeth adjacent to the cleft was measured in 19 cases (average age 7.1 years) immediately before and after surgery as well as 4-10 months later. Although a loss of height of 18% had occurred during the healing period, the original height at the mesial tooth was increased from 6.0 mm to 11.2 mm and at the distal tooth from 3.7 mm to 11.4 mm. This high and freely mobile vestibule of the mouth is considered to be a precondition for undisturbed growth of the orofacial system in cleft patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Costochondral grafts to replace mandibular condyles in juvenile chronic arthritis patients: long-term effects on facial growth.

Long-term facial growth and clinical outcome after replacement of arthritic mandibular condyles by costochondral grafts and postoperative orthodontic guidance of the occlusion were studied until completion of facial growth in patients (n = 12) with juvenile chronic arthritis (JCA) affecting their temporo-mandibular joints (TMJs). The patients were between 10.1 and 16.7 years of age at surgery. Clinical records and radiographs for cephalometric measurements were taken preoperatively, 6-8 weeks after surgery and after completion of facial growth. A considerable potential for growth of the costochondral graft/mandible unit was demonstrated in all patients. The results also indicated a considerable risk of asymmetrical mandibular overgrowth (n = 8), which could not be correctly assessed until after skeletal maturation was complete. Without any active orthodontic treatment, compensatory growth of the alveolar processes closed the lateral open bites, which were created during surgery. The functional results of the reconstructed temporo-mandibular joints were good and the morbidity rate was low. Costochondral grafting is a versatile treatment when the TMJs are severely affected by JCA, but requires supervision of patients until skeletal maturation, to monitor possible mandibular overgrowth. Advantages of this method were re-established mandibular growth, good mandibular function, a low morbidity rate and early aesthetic improvement.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Diagnostic imaging in dental implantology.

A success rate for osseointegrated implants approaching 100% has been reported. This rate of success has been made possible in part by a comprehensive appraisal of the morphologic features of the proposed implantation site: the quality and quantity of available bone, the presence of pathoses, the inclination of the alveolar process, and the relative location of anatomic structures to the site of implantation. Radiography has been found to be invaluable for the assessment of the proposed fixture site and for the evaluation of the fixture in time after implantation. The question of which radiographic technique to apply, intraoral or extraoral, plain film or digital radiography, remains for the clinician to answer after careful consideration of all variables.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1996

Radiographic features of segmental odontomaxillary dysplasia: a study of 12 cases.

The purpose of the study was to analyze the radiographic features of segmental odontomaxillary dysplasia by studying the radiographs of 12 new cases. With a standard data collection form, the radiographic characteristics were assessed by the two principal investigators who studied available radiographs of all cases. As in previously reported cases, abnormal findings in all patients were confined to the posterior segment of one maxilla. The most common findings in the cases studied were sclerosis and thickening of bony trabeculae, missing permanent premolar teeth, abnormal spacing of primary molars vertical orientation of bony trabeculae, a smaller maxillary sinus, and delayed eruption of permanent posterior teeth. Less commonly observed features were enlarged crowns, roots, and pulps of primary molars, irregular resorption of primary molar roots, mediolateral expansion of the alveolar process, splayed roots of primary molars, and an abnormal medial position of the teeth.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Squamous cell carcinoma of the superior gingivolabial sulcus.

The superior gingivolabial sulcus has not been recognised as a separate entity in the oral cavity for the localisation of carcinoma. These cancers are not uncommonly labelled as buccal carcinomas or as carcinomas originating from the superior alveolar process and sometimes as maxillary sinus carcinomas. Early symptoms of sensory disturbances are often missed. Although cervical nodal metastasis is not usual at first presentation, metastasis to parapharyngeal, retropharyngeal and nasolabial lymph nodes is known. This article presents the author's observations on carcinoma of the superior gingivolabial sulcus seen over a period of 4 years. Cancer at this site has poor prognosis. Despite aggressive treatment with radical locoregional surgery and postoperative radiotherapy, only one of nine patients survived 5 years.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Titanium implant insertion into dog alveolar ridges augmented by allogenic material.

The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate whether titanium endosseous implants would osseointegrate in dog alveolar ridges augmented by allogenic material. In 8 dogs en bloc resection, including 2 pre-molars, was performed bilaterally in the maxilla and the mandible. After a healing period of 6 weeks allogenic, demineralized and lyophilized dentin or bone was implanted subperiosteally. Titanium implants were installed 5.5 months later in some of the regions. Light and fluorescence microscopic evaluation revealed fibrous encapsulation of the implanted allogenic material, no osteoinduction and only minimal osteoconduction, few multinuclear giant cells and a sparse inflammatory reaction. The titanium implants healed mainly by fibrous encapsulation.

Alveolar Process↗