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Morphogically the mandibular second premolars present one root canal (97.5%). So far only a small percentage (2.5%) of cases were reported to have two root canals where they present the canals on the buccal and lingual direction of the root. Here an unusual case of two root canals, which are situated in mesial and distal direction is presented.
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The efficacy of postoperative pain treatment after dental surgery procedures depends not only on the type of substance used but also on the time it is taken and the dose administered. Direct postoperative administration of 400 mg Ibuprofen (2nd administration after 6 hours) resulted in considerably greater pain relief, without increasing the risk for the patient, than when the drug was taken as required.
The correct approach to surgery is the first step towards a successful surgical result. Care must be taken in flap design to facilitate visibility by the dentist, reduce haemorrhages, produce a good blood stain of the flap and allow for quick healing. There are many flap designs for the surgeon to choose from including a combination of two or three together. This reference described the most common flap designs for surgical Endodontics.
Conventional Endodontic therapy is the treatment of choice for pulp disease and periapical lesions due to pulp necrosis. Although the percentage of success of endodontic therapy is fairly high, in several cases endodontic therapy cannot perform accurately, or it is impossible to undertaken so as to avoid extraction of tooth. Before an endodontic surgery is performed a conventional endodontic therapy must be attempted because this increases prognosis and reduces the possibilities of failure. The possible presence of lateral canals, communication between periodontal ligament and infected canals through dentinal tubules and the potential hermetic reverse filling, are ones of the main factors which support the necessity of endodontic therapy. Apart from these, many cases have been reported where the basic factor of endodontic surgery failure was not the awkward operations, but the absence of the root canal filling. In this paper authors describe the basic steps and techniques which must be followed so as to avoid the failure of endodontic surgery.
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Nimesulide has been tested by the Authors on a group of 40 adults patients of both sexes that had undergone oral surgery. After careful clinical observation it was established that this drug has an excellent analgesic effect and is also effective as an antiedemigen and antiflogistic therapy. Furthermore the total tolerability of Nimesulide was established after noting the absence of gastroenteric or allergy symptoms.
The Authors show an original technical method to execute incisor teeth reimplantation. The clinical observation considers 8 cases of incisor teeth reimplantation.
After briefly reviewing the use of the CO2 laser in dentistry, the authors will describe the materials and method for laser radiation after peri-apical surgery. The laser application will result in the sterilization of the apical region. The authors explain the importance of the "LASER-MIRROR" a mini contra-angle head which can maintain the integrity of the apex or minimize apical ressection while reflecting the laser beam at a 90 degree angle. Two case reports will be described and the authors will give the indications and contra-indications of their technic.
When the apical focus (root cyst) is treated, if the tooth concerned can be preserved, the root canal should first be enlarged and cleaned sufficiently, and then sealed with filling materials. However, if an expensive prothesis is placed on the crown of the tooth concerned, or if the root canal is blocked with a post core of calcification, root canal treatment becomes difficult from a practical point of view. We therefore tried irradiation using the Nd-YAG laser, which is known for its high transmissibility into teeth, to the root canal, and the apical area. In its histological images it is considered to the action on bacteria and bacteria-infected substances inside the root canal through calcification of the dentinal surface layer facing the dental pulp, closure of the dentinal canal opening, and there was substantial change in the dentine in the outer layer. We have achieved good clinical results using this method; we eventually extracted only two teeth in 200 cases; it is thus very significant that most of the teeth of the patients still maintain their function, although they were diagnosed as non-preservable using conventional methods.
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During root canal therapy, accidental fracture of endodontic instruments may occur. While in the majority of such cases the fragment concerned can be retrieved non-surgically, there are some occasions that surgical intervention is needed in order to remove the broken tip lodged within the root canal. In this paper the authors would like to suggest a management approach to this uncommon and extremely unpleasant complication in dental practice.
Retrograde filling consists in sealing endodontics system directly at the apical zone after surgical approach. This article is studying the best approach by flap surgery adapted to anatomo-pathological data of each case.
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