Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Targeted Therapy”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 793 records · Page 44Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Targeted therapy of brain tumors utilizing neural stem and progenitor cells.

Neural stem and progenitor cells derived from the central nervous system (CNS) of embryonic and adult mammals share three critical features: 1. Stem and progenitor cells are highly migratory, 2. Stem and progenitor cells have affinity for areas of CNS pathology, and 3. The pluripotentcy of neural stem and progenitor cells allows them to engraft and replace damaged tissues in the CNS. These properties suggest that transplanted neural stem cells might be used to deliver molecular therapy to diseased regions of the nervous system, and to regenerate lost tissues. One of the greatest challenges and potential promises of stem cell therapy is to direct therapy to pathological tissues comprised of cells which themselves are migratory. The ability of glioma cells to migrate extensively into normal brain parenchyma in part underlies the lethal nature of these tumors. A better understanding of the mechanisms by which neural stem cells migrate to specific sources of injury may allow us to harness these cells as vehicles for delivery of molecular therapies to impact survival in patients with recalcitrant gliomas.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Is myelodysplastic related acute myelogenous leukemia a distinct entity from de novo acute myelogenous leukemia? Potential for targeted therapies.

Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) can be separated by whether the presentation was proceeded by a myelodysplastic (MDS related AML) or developed de novo (dAML). Clinically, MDS related AML (mAML) has been considered to have a worse prognosis that dAML. The objective of this literature review was to identify unique biologic features of mAML. Compared to dAML, mAML is characterized by an altered immunophenotype (increased frequency of CD34, CD11b and CD25), lack of leukemic progenitor cell suppression due to TGFbeta1, increased bcl-2 expression, presence of inducible nitric oxide synthase, lower levels or mrp transcripts and increased expression of p53. Possible interpretations of these differences between mAML and dAML are presented. Implications for mAML directed therapy are discussed.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Targeted therapy of cancer: new prospects for antibodies and immunoconjugates.

Immunotherapy of cancer has been explored for over a century, but it is only in the last decade that various antibody-based products have been introduced into the management of patients with diverse cancers. At present, this is one of the most active areas of clinical research, with eight therapeutic products already approved in oncology. Antibodies against tumor-associated markers have been a part of medical practice in immunohistology and in vitro immunoassays for several decades, have even been used as radioconjugates in diagnostic imaging, and are now becoming increasingly recognized as important biological agents for the detection and treatment of cancer. Molecular engineering has improved the prospects for such antibody-based therapeutics, resulting in different constructs and humanized/human antibodies that can be administered frequently. Consequently, a renewed interest in the development of antibodies conjugated with radionuclides, drugs, and toxins has emerged. We review how antibodies and immunoconjugates have influenced cancer detection and therapy, and also describe promising new developments and challenges for broader applications.

Angiogenesis Inhibitors↗
PubMed2003

Improving outcomes in diastolic heart failure. Techniques to evaluate underlying causes and target therapy.

Abnormal diastolic function is a common cause of clinical heart failure, particularly among elderly patients. Through early diagnosis and careful management of diastolic dysfunction, these patients can expect improved functional capacity and, in some cases, a favorable long-term outcome. In this article, Drs Torosoff and Philbin discuss how to confirm the diagnosis of diastolic heart failure through objective testing. Current approaches to the treatment of symptoms, including reduction of intravascular volume, heart rate control, and elimination of precipitating factors, are also presented.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors↗
PubMed2006

Clinical activity of sorafenib and sunitinib in renal cell carcinoma refractory to previous vascular endothelial growth factor-targeted therapy: two case reports.

Sunitinib and sorafenib are multitargeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors of the vascular endothelial growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor receptor families with antiangiogenic and antitumor activity in metastatic renal cell carcinoma. The utility of these agents in patients refractory to previous treatment with the other agent is unknown. We report 2 cases highlighting that efficacy of these agents is possible after failure of the other agent. Further prospective study is needed.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed2005

Tumor-targeted therapy with a conditionally replicating mutant of HSV-1 induces regression of xenografted human hepatomas.

The selectively oncolytic effects of mtHSV, a HSV icp34.5 mutant with lacz gene insertion, on several tumor cells in vitro and its antitumor effects by the intratumoral (IT) route to nude mice loaded the human hepatoma xenografts were explored. The mtHSV could conditionally replicate in and lyse Hep-3B (human hepatoma cells), Hep-2 (human larynx cancer cells) and SPC-A1 (human lung cancer cells), but not MRC-5 (human fibroblast cells). The 125 nude mice loaded with Hep-3B were randomly divided into five treatment groups and given three IT injections with three different dose of the mtHSV, adriamycin (ADM), or vehicle (supernatant of non-infected Vero cells). Significant tumor growth inhibition (30%-70%) was seen in the nude mice treated IT with mtHSV, whereas tumors treated IT with Vero supernatant displayed rapid tumor growth. The results of regular and biochemical blood examination, systemic necropsy and pathological slices showed that mtHSV almost has no side effect on treated mice. RT-PCR results revealed that the replication of mtHSV was exclusively confined to the treated tumors, but not to other organs. Our results provide further preclinical evidence that mtHSV may be used as an oncolytic agent for cancer therapy.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Noninvasive assessment of tumor vasculature response to radiation-mediated, vasculature-targeted therapy using quantified power Doppler sonography: implications for improvement of therapy schedules.

OBJECTIVE: Stereotactic radiotherapy (ablative radiation) is a modality that holds considerable promise for effective treatment of intracranial and extracranial malignancies. Although tumor vasculature is relatively resistant to small fractionated doses of ionizing radiation, large ablative doses of ionizing radiation lead to effective demise of the tumor vasculature. The purpose of this study was (1) to noninvasively monitor and compare tumor physiologic parameters in response to ablative radiation treatments and (2) to use these noninvasive parameters to optimize the schedule of administration of radiation therapy. METHODS: Lewis lung carcinoma tumors were implanted into C57BL/6 mice and treated with ablative radiation. The kinetics of change in physiologic parameters of a response to single-dose 20-Gy treatments was measured. Parameters studied included tumor blood flow, apoptosis, and proliferation rates. Serial tumor sections were stained to correlate noninvasive Doppler assessment of tumor blood flow with microvasculature histologic findings. RESULTS: A single administration of 20 Gy led to an incomplete tumor vascular response, with subsequent recovery of tumor blood flow within 4 days after treatment. Sustained reduction of tumor blood flow by administering the successive ablative radiation treatment before tumor blood flow recovery led to a 3-fold tumor growth delay. The difference in tumor volumes at each measurement time point (every 2 days) was statistically significant (P=.016). CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests a rational design of schedule optimization for radiation-mediated, vasculature-directed treatments guided by noninvasive assessment of tumor blood flow levels to ultimately improve the tumor response.

Animals↗