Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Subcutaneous Emphysema”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 793 records · Page 44Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Complications associated with the use of the Esophageal-Tracheal Combitube.

PURPOSE: To report four cases of subcutaneous emphysema, pneumomediastinum and pneumoperitoneum associated with the use of the Esophageal-Tracheal Combitube (ETC) during prehospital management of cardiac arrest. CLINICAL FEATURES: Between September 1994 and April 1996, 1139 patients were resuscitated with the ETC and the semiautomated external defibrillator as part of the CPR protocol for prehospital management of cardiac arrest by basic emergency medical technicians. Eight of these patients presented with subcutaneous emphysema. Four of them, declared dead after arrival in the emergency room (ER), had autopsy studies. In two, autopsy revealed large (6 and 6.5 cm respectively) longitudinal transparietal lacerations of the anterior wall of the oesophagus. Multiple superficial lacerations of the oesophagus were also present in another patient, while no lesion of the airway or the oesophagus was found in the last patient. CONCLUSION: These cases suggest that subcutaneous emphysema, pneumomediastinum and pneumoperitoneum might be complications associated with the use of the ETC. At least in two cases, oesophageal laceration appears to be the mechanism by which these complications occurred.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

Spontaneous tracheal rupture: a case report.

We report the case of a spontaneous posterior tracheal wall rupture following a cough. A 67-year-old woman with a history of longstanding treatment with corticosteroids (8 years) for Giant Cell Arteritis had general anesthesia for cataract removal. Surgery and anesthesia were uneventful. In the recovery room, the patient coughed and soon after developed subcutaneous emphysema of the neck. Chest radiography confirmed the clinical diagnosis of marked subcutaneous emphysema and showed huge pneumomediastinum and minor right pneumothorax. A thoracic CT scan revealed a large laceration of the posterior tracheal wall (a 4 cm longitudinal tear), extending from the middle of the trachea to the level of the carina. Surgical repair consisted in closure of the dilaceration using an autologous pericardial patch. It seems reasonable to suspect the facilitating role of connective tissue fragility due to chronic corticosteroid administration in the development of this tracheal rupture following cough. Tracheal rupture is a potentially lethal injury, which can be repaired successfully if the diagnosis is made early. Risk factors, diagnosis and principles of treatment of this lesion are discussed.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed2005

[Role of titanium mesh coated with silk fibroin in rabbit tracheal reconstruction].

OBJECTIVE: To Compare the curative effects between titanium mesh coated with or without silk fibroin and in the treatment of larger trachea circumferential defects. To explore the merits of titanium mesh coated with silk fibroin in promoting mucous healing and decreasing related complications. METHODS: Twenty-five New Zealand white rabbits were chosen , divided randomly as follows: group one: titanium mesh coated with silk fibroin (n = 12), group two: pure titanium mesh without silk fibroin (n = 12); Titanium mesh coated with silk fibroin and those titanium without silk fibroin were embedded in the anterior of 7-12th tracheal rings respectively, in 2 weeks we removed the anterior and lateral wall of 7-12th tracheal rings about 8 mm x 6mm (more than half ring) and used the two different materials to reconstruct tracheal defects. All these rabbits were euthanized in 4, 8 and 12 weeks and tracheal CT scan, tracheal endoscopy, histopathological examination and scanning electron microscopic examinations were performed. All complications such as death, local inflammation, tracheal stenosis were documented. Group three, leave one normal rabbit as controlled study , removed the anterior and lateral wall of 7-12th tracheal rings, and histopathological examination, scanning electron microscopy were performed as controlled study. RESULTS: The CT scan, tracheal endoscopy of those with silk fibroin showed there was no apparent tracheal stenosis. Histopathological examination showed there was no obvious granulation tissue and scar. The mucous membrane and cilia grow normally. The silk fibroin was not entirely absorbed and the remains showed good biocompatibility. The scanning electron microscopy showed that the cilia grew better and more orderly than that of group two, and in 12 weeks, the cilia became normal. In group two, there were 5 rabbits died in succession from suffocation in 4, 5, 7, 17, 60 days after surgery. All rabbits had local or general subcutaneous emphysema. The CT scan, tracheal endoscopy and pathological examination showed that there were apparent granulation tissue, scar hypertrophy, and tracheal stenosis. The mortality of group two (41.7%) for suffocation compare to that of group one (0), the incidence rate of subcutaneous emphysema in group two (100%) to that of group one (25.0%) and the average cross section stenosis area in group two (18.15 +/- 7.85) mm2 to that of group one (3.15 +/- 1.58) mm2, there are significant statistically differences in these postoperative complications (P <0.05) and stenosis degree (P <0.05) between the two groups. In addition, there was one rabbit died of diarrhea in each group except group three. CONCLUSIONS: Silk fibroin and titanium mesh coated with silk fibroin showed good biocompatibility. Titanium mesh coated with silk fibroin used in tracheal reconstruction of rabbits can promote agglutination of mucous membrane and decrease postoperative complications, such as subcutaneous emphysema, tracheostenosis. It may be a prospective biomaterial which can be used in clinical circumferential trachea defect reconstruction.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

One-stage retrograde approach to Nd:YAG laser palliation of esophageal carcinoma.

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: The aim of the present study was to determine the safety, efficacy, and feasibility of a one-stage retrograde approach to Nd:YAG laser palliation of esophageal carcinoma carried out under general anesthesia. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Endoscopic Nd:YAG laser therapy was used on 150 occasions in 62 consecutive patients with advanced malignant obstruction of the esophagus. All procedures were carried out under general anesthesia. The lesion was first dilated using a Savary-Gilliard dilator or balloon technique, and the endoscope was then passed beyond the lesion. Laser energy was applied to the lesion in a circumferential manner as the scope was withdrawn along the length of the lesion, until an adequate lumen was established. RESULTS: Ninety-three percent of the patients had symptomatic improvement, defined as reduction in the subjective dysphagia grade, and only 14% of the patients required repeat procedures within 30 days. Fifty percent of the patients experienced effective palliation with only one procedure over the entire course of their illness. In patients with recurrent dysphagia, the mean time between procedures was 100 days. Seventy-six percent of the patients were discharged on the day following the procedure. Complications included the development of pneumomediastinum or subcutaneous emphysema in five cases, and esophageal perforation in two cases. All cases of pneumomediastinum or subcutaneous emphysema or perforation were managed by conservative therapy. Hemorrhage requiring transfusion occurred in two cases. There were three apparently procedure-related deaths occurring within 30 days of the initial procedure. CONCLUSIONS: Effective palliation of obstructing esophageal carcinoma can be achieved in one session using a one-stage retrograde approach with the Nd:YAG laser under general anesthesia. When compared to other palliative modalities, this method produces a longer dysphagia-free interval, and patients with a terminal illness are therefore able to spend more time out of hospital.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Spontaneous pneumorrhachis in bronchial asthma.

We report on an 18-year-old male with bronchial asthma who presented with swelling over the neck and upper chest after a mild episode of bronchospasm. Physical examination was suggestive of subcutaneous emphysema, which was subsequently confirmed on a radiograph. Computed tomography in addition revealed pneumomediastinum and air within the epidural space of the spinal canal. Although spontaneous pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema have been described in a variety of situations, including patients with asthma, spontaneous pneumorrhachis in asthmatics is a very rare entity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Pneumomediastinum in labour -- probably not caused by a lumbar epidural anaesthesia.

We describe a case of pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema during labour. The patient had previously received an epidural anaesthesia to alleviate labour pain. We found several reports of subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum (or pneumothorax) possibly caused by or related to epidural anaesthesia use, but conclude that the epidural anaesthesia was probably not a cause in our case.

Adult↗