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PubMed1981

Protective activity of extracts from Salmonella-R-mutants against Salmonella typhimurium infection in mice. Influence of repeated extractions on the chemical composition and efficacy of the extracts.

Repeated extractions (three times) of an S-form and different R-mutants of S. typhimurium and S. minnesota with urea medium resulted in extracts varying in their chemical composition with respect to protein, lipopolysaccharides, phospholipids and nucleic acids. Protein appeared to be the major component of all the extracts and was present in substantial amounts in the third extract also. With subsequent extractions the lipopolysaccharide and phospholipid contents generally decreased in the R-mutants, but increased in the S-form. The nucleic acid contents always increased with repeated extractions. polypeptide patterns of the materials obtained after repeated extraction showed some differences in case of R-mutants predominantly. Active immunization of mice with these extracts protected them almost to the same extent against S. typhimurium infection. Only in case of one R-mutant a graded decrease in protection could be observed from extract 1 to extract 3. However, the differences in composition of the vaccines based on chemical analysis data and polypeptide pattern could not account for this decrease in protection.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Results of phage typing of Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi-B in the years 1974-1978 from the Federal Republic of Germany including Berlin (West) (author's transl)].

In the period between 1.1.1974 and 31.12.1978 phage typing of 2058 strains of S. typhi and 1672 strains of S. paratyphi-B was carried out. 45 S. typhi phage types were found, 11 of these occurred in a frequency of more than 1% (relevant to foci). These were E1 a (21.6%), A (17.7%), F1 (5.8%), D1 (5.5%), C1 (4.6%), E1b (4.1%), D2 (2.5%), 40 (1.5%), 29 (1.3%), B2 (1.0%), 46 (1.0%). Among S. paratyphi-B strains 23 phage types or varieties were observed, 11 of these occurred in a frequency more than 1% (relevant to foci): Taunton (46.9%), 1 m.c. (7.8%), 3aI m.c. (7.7%), B.A.O.R. (6.5%), 3aI var. 1 (5.5%), Dundee (4.4%), 3a m.c. (3.0%), 3b m.c. (2.2%), Beccles m.c. (1.9%), Jersey (1.5%), 1 var. 1 (1.4%). In the year 1974 two epidemics of typhoid fever occurred, one with 417 cases (phage type A, subtype Tananarive) and the other with 41 cases (phage type E1a). In the year 1977 there was an outbreak of paratyphoid B fever with 53 cases (phage type 3aI var. 1). The increasing number of imported cases of typhoid and paratyphoid fever from other countries is remarkable. The age distribution of typhoid and paratyphoid bacilli carriers shows that persons who are older than 60 years represent the age group in which carriers occur most frequently.

Adolescent↗