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"This study examines the issue of migration trends being witnessed by areas of plantation agriculture [in India]. The focus is on the linkages between structural changes in local economies, the overall development policy and people's responses to plantation agriculture both as an economic activity and as a way of life. Based on field data, it is a case study of Hassan district, Karnataka."
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"Four different approaches were applied to test the hypothesis that patterns of land tenure and agricultural production in Rio Grande do Sul [Brazil] are important infant mortality determinants. These studies have employed various data sources on distinct analytical levels.... The results...provide reliable evidence of there being a strong relationship between the degree of concentration of land tenure and agricultural production on the one hand, and malnutrition and infant mortality on the other."
The author briefly describes the work of Malthus and the development of first- and second-generation economic-demographic models. He then discusses a proposed third-generation model which "examines conjointly both consequences and determinants of population growth, and analyzes them at the level of the agricultural household." A project being conducted by the Food and Agricultural Organization to construct a third-generation model using data from the Philippines and two other countries is described
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The basic premise of this effort is that health care can be made more effective and affordable by applying modern computer technology to improve collaboration among diverse and distributed health care providers. Information sharing, communication, and coordination are basic elements of any collaborative endeavor. In the health care domain, collaboration is characterized by cooperative activities by health care providers to deliver total and real-time care for their patients. Communication between providers and managed access to distributed patient records should enable health care providers to make informed decisions about their patients in a timely manner. With an effective medical information infrastructure in place, a patient will be able to visit any health care provider with access to the network, and the provider will be able to use relevant information from even the last episode of care in the patient record. Such a patient-centered perspective is in keeping with the real mission of health care providers. Today, an easy-to-use, integrated health care network is not in place in any community, even though current technology makes such a network possible. Large health care systems have deployed partial and disparate systems that address different elements of collaboration. But these islands of automation have not been integrated to facilitate cooperation among health care providers in large communities or nationally. CERC and its team members at Valley Health Systems, Inc., St. Marys Hospital and Cabell Huntington Hospital form a consortium committed to improving collaboration among the diverse and distributed providers in the health care arena. As the first contract recipient of the multi-agency High Performance Computing and Communications (HPCC) Initiative, this team of computer system developers, practicing rural physicians, community care groups, health care researchers, and tertiary care providers are using research prototypes and commercial off-the-shelf technologies to develop an open collaboration environment for the health care domain. This environment is called ARTEMIS--Advanced Research TEstbed for Medical InformaticS.
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As rural hospitals grapple with falling utilization and increasing competition, many are realizing that their viability is in question. This article reviews the issues most critical to the survival of the rural hospital and offers a two stage business planning process to address these issues. In the first stage, the hospital defines its role in the delivery of health care. The second stage requires developing a business plan that improves the hospital's resource management.
"This study demonstrates the effects of the existence of family members of various age groups on the time allocation decisions of farm operators and their spouses, by modelling the couple's joint farm and off-farm labor participation decisions. Specifically, two participation equations of the probit type are estimated for each person (one for farm participation and one for off-farm participation), using data from the 1981 Census of Agriculture in Israel. The resulting four-equation probit model is estimated by quasi maximum likelihood (QML) methods, allowing for village-specific fixed effects."