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Acute pancreatitis due to zinc phosphide ingestion.

The case of a young woman is described who suffered from acute pancreatitis related to the ingestion of zinc phosphide. This unusual complication was successfully managed with conservative treatment.

Acute Disease↗

Poisoned dog.

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Animals↗

Pesticides and domestic animals.

Domestic animals are quite often poisoned by pesticides despite the considerable effort made through legislation and Ministry recommendations to provide adequate safeguards for the use of agricultural chemicals. All pesticides have to be registered and recommendations and restrictions for use are printed on the labels. But a number of cases involving the misuse of certain poisons as bait for vermin has caused concern recently to both Government and industry. Special problems face the veterinary surgeon who has to treat a pet animal with suspected esticide poisoning. This paper provides possible sources of information from which the veterinary surgeon may obtain help with diagnosis, advice on treatment and laboratory aid.

Animals↗

alpha-Naphthylthiourea produces dose-dependent lung vascular injury in sheep.

We tested the effects of alpha-naphthylthiourea (ANTU) on lung fluid balance and prostanoid concentrations in anesthetized sheep acutely prepared for collection of pulmonary lymph. Sheep were given 20, 50, 75, or 100 mg/kg ANTU or the vehicle dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) intravenously. The first phase of the response consisted of transient increases in pulmonary artery pressure and plasma and lymph thromboxane B2 concentrations. Lymph flow increased with no change in the lymph-to-plasma protein concentration ratio (L/P). These changes occurred in sheep given DMSO alone or DMSO with ANTU; they were not dependent on the dose of ANTU given. Two to 4 h after drug administration, pulmonary artery pressure and thromboxane concentrations were normal or near normal. Lymph flow rate reached steady-state levels averaging 1.5 (DMSO alone) to 5.3 (100 mg/kg ANTU) times base line with L/P ratios unchanged from base line. ANTU/DMSO produces transient, severe pulmonary hypertension that may be prostaglandin mediated. The sustained response consists of increased flow rate of protein-rich lymph.

Animals↗

Pulmonary vascular permeability and resistance measurements in control and ANTU-injured dog lungs.

Because questions have arisen regarding pulmonary vascular permeability and resistance measurements in isolated, perfused lungs, we sought to determine the 1) stability of repeated measurements of permeability and resistance in control lungs; and 2) magnitude of change in these measurements when permeability was greatly increased. Using blood-perfused dog lungs, we measured filtration coefficient (Kf) and isogravimetric capillary pressure (Pci) as indexes of vascular permeability, and we also determined total vascular resistance (Rt) as well as the segmental resistances using the double-occlusion pressure (Pdo). In a control group (n = 8), the base-line measurement of Kf (0.21 +/- 0.02 ml.min-1.cmH2O-1.100 g-1) and Pci (10.2 +/- 0.9 cmH2O) did not change over 4 h, indicating no changes in endothelial barrier function. Base-line Rt (13.9 +/- 2.6 cmH2O.l-1.min.100 g) also did not significantly increase. In a second group (n = 5), alpha-naphthylthiourea (ANTU) increased the initial Kf more than eight times (from 0.17 +/- 0.03 to 1.40 +/- 0.32 ml.min-1.cmH2O-1.100 g-1) and decreased Pci by 56% (from 9.4 +/- 0.6 to 4.1 +/- 0.4 cmH2O) at 1 h, indicating severely damaged endothelium. In addition, the Pdo determined during isogravimetric conditions correlated very well with Pci not only in control lungs (observed previously) but also in very permeable lungs (not previously reported). We conclude that this experimental model provides an excellent means of assessing changes in pulmonary microvascular permeability, with a spectrum ranging from no changes in hourly measurements for 4 h to obvious changes in permeability by 1 h.

Animals↗