Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “OLEIC ACID”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 793 records · Page 44Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

The absorbability by rats of various triglycerides of stearic and oleic acid and the effect of dietary calcium and magnesium.

Rats were fed diets in which the triglycerides contained oleate and stearate as the sole fatty acids. These fatty acids were esterified to specific positions on the glycerol molecule. The triglycerides were 1-stearoyl diolein (SOO), 2-stearoyl diolein (OSO), 2-oleoyl distearin (SOS), 1-oleoyl distearin (OSS), and triolein (OOO). The absorbability of the fatty acid component was measured by the fat balance technique. Two diets, one sufficient and the other deficient in calcium and magnesium, were used. The oleic acid of all of the triglycerides was absorbed almost completely. The following values for the absorbability of the stearate component in the presence and in the absence of the divalent cations were obtained: OSO 98 and 99; SOO 55 OAND 96; SOS 37 and 70; OSS 59 and 60. These patterns of absorbability are discussed in relation to the pathway of triglyceride digestion. If the stearic acid is esterified at the 2-position of the triglyceride, the resulting 2-monostearin is well absorbed. If it is esterified at the 1- or 3-position, it is released as free stearic acid, and in the presence of calcium and magnesium it is poorly absorbed.

Absorption↗
PubMed1999

Use of structured triacylglycerols containing predominantly stearic and oleic acids to probe early events in metabolic processing of dietary fat.

Early events in the metabolic processing of dietary triacylglycerol may have an important impact on subsequent development of risk factors for coronary heart disease. We have used structured triacylglycerols containing predominantly stearic or oleic acids at the sn -2 position to probe aspects of the processing of dietary fatty acids presented to adipose tissue in chylomicron-triacylglycerol. Studies were conducted on 14 healthy women who were given meals containing 85 g carbohydrate and 60 g of either of the two structured triacylglycerols in random order. Systemic concentrations and arterio-venous differences across adipose tissue for plasma triacylglycerol and non-esterified fatty acids were measured, together with analysis of the fatty acid composition of the relevant fractions. The stereo-specific structure of the ingested triacylglycerol was largely preserved in chylomicron-triacylglycerol. Systemic concentrations of total and individual non-esterified fatty acids were not significantly different after ingestion of the two fats, nor were their rates of release across adipose tissue. The composition of non-esterified fatty acids released from adipose tissue changed after the meal to reflect more closely the composition of the triacylglycerol ingested, but again no significant differences were observed between the two test meals. There was no detectable release of monoacylglycerol from adipose tissue after either test meal. We conclude that the environment for lipoprotein lipase action in adipose tissue in vivo is likely to be highly organized, such that there is no release of monoacylglycerol, nor preferential uptake or release of fatty acids from chylomicron-triacylglycerol according to the nature or the position within triacylglycerol of the fatty acid.

3-Hydroxybutyric Acid↗
PubMed1977

[In vivo incorporation of labeled palmitic and oleic acids into skeletal muscle lipids of normal and thyroidectomized rats during swimming].

The purpose of this work was to study the incorporation of [1-14C] palmitic and and [9,10(-3)H] oleic acids, after intravenous administration in the lipids of rat hind leg muscles. The animals were fasting or fed, at rest or swimming during 10 min before test, euthyroid or thyroidectomised. All these animals have been taking the same daily swimming training, during 15 days before the injection of labelled molecules. They were killed 10 min (+/-1)later. The lipidic muscle composition, the incorporation rate of labelled fatty acids in these lipids and the radioactivity distribution among the different lipids in the various cases have been determined. Moreover the plasmatic non-esterified acid radioactivity has been measured. These various values are affected by nutritional, hormonal state, and by physical activity of the animals. Particularly, it seems that supplementary energy spent during swimming test will be covered by the oxidation of different nutriments, according to the nutritional and hormonal state of animals.

Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena↗
PubMed2000

High-oleic acid Australian Brassica napus and B. juncea varieties produced by co-suppression of endogenous Delta12-desaturases.

Genetic engineering methods have been used successfully to modify the fatty acid profile of elite Australian germplasm of Brassica napus and B. juncea. Co-suppression plasmids carrying oleate desaturase genes from each species have been constructed and transferred into Australian elite breeding lines of B. napus and B. juncea using Agrobacterium tumifaciens plant-transformation techniques. Modifications to existing Brassica transformation protocols and the use of an intron-interrupted hygromycin-resistance gene as the selectable marker have resulted in improved transformation efficiencies. Silencing of the endogenous oleate desaturase genes has resulted in substantial increases in oleic acid levels, up to 89% in B. napus and 73% in B. juncea.

2S Albumins, Plant↗
PubMed2006

Oleic acid vs saline solution lung lavage-induced acute lung injury: effects on lung morphology, pressure-volume relationships, and response to positive end-expiratory pressure.

OBJECTIVE: To compare two lung injury models (oleic acid [OA] and saline solution washout [SW]) regarding lung morphology, regional inflation, and recruitment during static pressure-volume (PV) curves, and the effects of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) below and above the lower inflection point (Pflex). METHODS: Fourteen adult pigs underwent OA or SW lung injury. Lung volumes were measured using CT. PV curves were obtained with simultaneous CT scanning at lung apex and base. Fractional inflation and recruitment were compared to data on PEEP above and below Pflex. RESULTS: Severity of lung injury was comparable. At zero PEEP, SW showed an increased amount of edema and poorly aerated lung volume, recruitment during inspiration, and a better oxygenation response with PEEP. Whole-lung PV curves were similar in both models, reflecting changes in alveolar inflation or deflation. On the inspiratory PV limb, recruitment and inflation were on the same line, while there was a substantial difference between deflation and derecruitment on the expiratory limb. PEEP-induced recruitment at lung apex and base was at or above the derecruitment line on the expiratory limb and showed no relationship to the whole-lung expiratory PV curve. CONCLUSIONS: The following conclusions were made: (1) OA and SW models are comparable in mechanics but not in lung injury characteristics; (2) neither inspiratory nor expiratory whole-lung PV curves are useful to select PEEP in order to optimize recruitment; and (3) after recruitment, there is no difference in derecruitment between the models at high PEEP, while more collapse occurs at lower PEEP in the basal sections of SW lungs.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Metabolism of oleic acid in differentiating BFC-1 preadipose cells.

Incorporation of [3H]oleate and [14C]glucose into cellular lipids was studied in the preadipose cell line BFC-1 to determine flux changes that accompany the adipose conversion process. Dilution of oleate by intracellular fatty acids (FA) was estimated from the 3H/14C incorporation ratios and from relating steady-state radioactivity in diglycerides to their measured cellular levels. The data indicated that exogenous FA mixed with less than 1% of endogenous FA on its pathway to esterification. Conversion of preadipocytes to adipocytes increased uptake of FA and glucose by approximately 3-fold and synthesis of diglycerides and triglycerides by 5- and 16-fold, respectively, with little if any increase of phospholipid synthesis. A 50% drop in 3H/14C incorporation ratio indicated a doubling of the rate at which endogenous FA mixed with the exogenous FA that had entered the cell. Adipocytes compared with preadipocytes exhibited a 50% greater cell diameter and a doubling of intracellular water volume and of protein and phospholipid levels, reflecting cellular enlargement consequent to the arrest of cell division that precedes adipose conversion. Diglyceride levels were also increased in adipocytes, however, since their turnover was fast, as indicated by rapid equilibration of diglyceride labeling; the increase reflected changes in their relative rates of synthesis and disposal. Diglyceride levels related to cell phospholipid, and other indexes of cell size remained constant. This indicated that the supply of diglycerides was tightly coupled to the synthesis of triglycerides and phospholipids, which suggested feedback regulation of diglyceride formation. The studies provide a methodological approach to measurement and interpretation of rates of lipid deposition in cultured cells.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1993

Selective regulation of protein kinase C isoenzymes by oleic acid in human platelets.

Cis-unsaturated fatty acids activate soluble protein kinase C (PKC) in vitro and in intact platelets. The following studies were conducted to determine the effects of oleate on individual isoenzymes of PKC in human platelets. Human platelets were found to contain predominantly PKC alpha, beta I, beta II, and delta with minor immunoreactivity for PKC epsilon, zeta, and eta. In intact platelets, sodium oleate caused a time-dependent redistribution of PKC alpha, beta II, and delta from cytosol to membrane fractions with little effects on PKC beta I. On the other hand, PMA and thrombin induced translocation of all four isoenzymes of PKC. In vitro, oleate partially activated (50% of Vmax) purified calcium-dependent PKC (alpha, beta I, and beta II) with an EC50 of 50 microM whereas it fully activated (100% of Vmax) purified calcium-independent PKC (predominantly delta) with an EC50 of 5 microM. The selective effects of oleate on PKC isoenzymes were investigated in platelet cytosol which contains endogenous PKC and its physiologic substrates. Under these conditions, oleate potently activated calcium-independent PKC causing the phosphorylation of the 40-kDa substrate. Activation of calcium-dependent isoforms occurred only at higher concentrations of oleate. Thus, oleate activates multiple isoenzymes of PKC with predominant effects on calcium-independent PKC.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2004

Computational multiple steady states for enzymatic esterification of ethanol and oleic acid in an isothermal CSTR.

The capacity of complex biochemical reaction networks (consisting of 11 coupled non-linear ordinary differential equations) to show multiple steady states, was investigated. The system involved esterification of ethanol and oleic acid by lipase in an isothermal continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR). The Deficiency One Algorithm and the Subnetwork Analysis were applied to determine the steady state multiplicity. A set of rate constants and two corresponding steady states are computed. The phenomena of bistability, hysteresis and bifurcation are discussed. Moreover, the capacity of steady state multiplicity is extended to the family of the studied reaction networks.

Combinatorial Chemistry Techniques↗
PubMed1990

Effect of diets high in butter, corn oil, or high-oleic acid sunflower oil on serum lipids and apolipoproteins in men.

This randomized blind crossover study compared serum lipid and apolipoprotein concentrations in 20 men consuming 37-43% of energy as fat from diets based on corn oil, high-oleic acid sunflower oil, and butter. Each phase of the crossover design included 2 wk of butter-based diet followed by 5 wk of designated vegetable-oil-based diet with a 7-wk washout period between phases. Compared with values for the butter-based diet, the vegetable-oil-based diets reduced serum total cholesterol by 16-21% (p less than 0.001), LDL cholesterol by 21-26% (p less than 0.001), triglycerides by 10-21% (p less than 0.01 for the higher figure), and apolipoprotein B-100 by 22-29% (p less than 0.001). When values fell, they fell further on the corn-oil-based diet. There were no significant changes in serum HDL cholesterol or apolipoprotein A-1. These data suggest that when men on diets high in saturated fatty acids reduce their saturated fatty acid intake but not their total fat intake, many can still experience a significant lowering in serum total cholesterol.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

In vivo Hahn spin-echo decay (Hahn-T2) observation of regional changes in the time course of oleic acid lung injury.

We studied the time course of changes in the Hahn spin-echo decay (Hahn-T2) in lungs of spontaneously breathing living rats at 1 hour, 3 hours, and 7 days following oleic acid injection. Motion artifacts were minimized by using the motion-insensitive interleaved rapid line scan (ILS) imaging technique. Prior to injury, the lungs exhibited two resolvable exponential Hahn-T2 components. One and 3 hours after injury the decay showed a regionally nonuniform behavior, which was fit with one, two, or three exponential components. The short and medium components increased at 1 and 3 hours after injection. The third, much longer, component is probably due to intraalveolar pulmonary edema. After 7 days the Hahn decay was similar to that observed before injury, probably reflecting resolution of the edema. Our data suggest that Hahn-T2 measurements can be used to characterize the time course and regional distribution of lung injury in living animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Influence of oleic acid on serum lipoprotein-X in vitro.

Lipoprotein-X is no longer detectable in serum by either the agar gel-electrophoresis/polyanion precipitation technique or immunoelectrophoresis with specific antiserum after in vitro addition of oleic acid. Evidence is presented which indicates that this ostensible loss is due not to its destruction, but rather to altered electrophoretic mobility. The findings suggest an explanation for the well known post-heparin "disappearance" of lipoprotein-X, and indicate that caution may be needed in the interpretation of such lipoprotein-X testing of sera from subjects with increased concentrations of lysolipids in their blood.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Separation and characterization of adjuvant oligosaccharide oleate ester derived from product mixture of mannitol-oleic acid esterification.

Nearly 30 years after intense investigations of mannide monooleates for use as vaccine adjuvants, a novel adjuvant-active saccharide oleate ester was isolated and identified from the product mixture synthesized from mannitol and oleic acid. The mixture, which contained many kinds of mannide mono- and dioleates and their derivatives, was fractionated by liquid chromatography (LC), and the fraction with the highest adjuvanticity was obtained. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) showed that it consisted of one major compound with an average molecular weight (MW) 2850. Infrared (IR) absorption and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectra suggested it had oligosaccharide moieties and oleate domains. These findings suggested that it was an oligosaccharide oleate ester of the average MW 2850. The molecular ratio of oleate chains per monosaccharide unit was approximately 0.8. The ester induced both IgG1 and IgG2a antibody responses in mice in a dispersed form without base oil. This ester thus appears to be one of the adjuvant-active compounds largely contributing to the excellent adjuvanticity of mannide oleate mixture broadly used as vaccine emulsifier. These results and previous findings suggest that the fundamental adjuvanticity of this 'oligo' saccharide acylate ester was in accord with the hydrophil-lipophil balance (HLB) theory, similarly to other saccharide acylate esters. It is now expected that this compound will be useful as novel vaccine adjuvant which may induce both Th1 and Th2 type immune responses with low or no toxicity, not only as an vaccine emulsifier but in an aqueous suspension form.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed2005

Intestinal circulation, oxygenation and metabolism is not affected by oleic acid lung injury.

This study was performed to establish a platform for further studies on effects of ventilatory treatment modalities on the intestines during mechanical ventilation of acute lung injury (ALI). We tested the hypotheses that oleic acid (OA) infusion causes changes in intestinal circulation, oxygenation and metabolism, and that OA is distributed to tissues outside the lung. This was performed as an experimental, prospective and controlled study in an university animal research laboratory. Thirteen juvenile anaesthetized pigs were used in the main study, where seven were given an intravenous infusion of 0.1 ml kg(-1) OA and six served as control (surgery only). In a separate study, four animals were given an intravenous infusion of 0.1 ml kg(-1) (3)H-labelled OA. We measured systemic and mesenteric (portal venous blood flow, jejunal mucosal perfusion) haemodynamic parameters, mesenteric oxygenation (jejunal tissue oxygen tension) and systemic cytokines (tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6). We calculated mesenteric lactate flux and mesenteric oxygen delivery, uptake and extraction ratio. In the animals given 3H-OA, we measured 3H-OA in different tissues (lungs, heart, liver, kidney, stomach, jejunum, colon and arterial blood). We found that OA given intravenously is distributed in small amounts to the intestines. This intestinal exposure to OA does not cause intestinal injury when evaluating mesenteric blood flow, metabolism or oxygenation. OA infusion induced a moderate increase in mean pulmonary arterial pressure and a decrease in PaO2/Fraction inspired O2 (P/F) ratio, giving evidence of severe lung injury. Consequently, the OA lung injury model is suitable for studies on intestinal effects of ventilatory treatment modalities during mechanical ventilation of ALI.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Pro12Ala polymorphism of the PPARG2 gene is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus and peripheral insulin sensitivity in a population with a high intake of oleic acid.

Activation of the PPAR gamma 2 gene (PPARG2) improves the action of insulin and its lipid metabolism. We examined the association between Pro12Ala polymorphism of PPARG2, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), and peripheral insulin sensitivity in a population with a high intake of oleic acid. A cross-sectional, population-based study was undertaken in Pizarra, a small town in the province of Malaga in southern Spain. A total of 538 subjects, aged 18-65 y, were selected randomly from the municipal census. All subjects underwent a clinical, anthropometrical, and biochemical evaluation, including an oral glucose tolerance test and Pro12Ala polymorphism of PPARG2. Insulin resistance was measured by homeostasis model assessment. Those subjects with the Ala-12 allele had an odds ratio for impaired fasting glucose of 0.55, for impaired glucose tolerance of 0.59, and for DM2 of 0.30. The intake of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) contributed to the variance of the homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index (HOMA IR) (P = 0.04), with a 2-way interaction between the Ala-12 allele of PPARG2 and the intake of MUFA (P = 0.005). The results suggest the existence of an interaction between Pro12Ala polymorphism of PPARG2 and dietary MUFA, such that obese people with the Ala-12 allele have higher HOMA IR values, especially if their intake of MUFA is low.

Adolescent↗