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PubMedDate not supplied

[Professional orientation of youth: medical and psychophysiological aspects].

The scientific and practical aspects of medical and psychophysiological professional orientation in teenagers and young people have become more and more pressing due to their poorer health along with higher demands for their resistance to unfavourable factors. The aid of a physician and a psychophysiologist in their choice of a future profession promotes the prevention of general and occupational morbidity. Work on professional orientation should be began at school in the 5th-6th and done through school life during which they get a general and vocational education. Guidelines have been developed for effective medical and physiological professional counselling.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Proprietary rehabilitation: Challenges and opportunities in the new millennium.

Proprietary rehabilitation has developed into a distinct professional sector with procedures, practices, and philosophy that differ from those in the public rehabilitation program. As the new millennium commences, proprietary rehabilitation will face a variety of challenges and opportunities that could affect the future of this sector of the rehabilitation profession. Among these issues are changes in occupational information upon which many proprietary rehabilitation practices are based; increased opportunities for early intervention and establishment of disability management programs within industry; adjustment to the movement to a managed health care system; and the necessity to demonstrate fiscal efficacy of rehabilitation services to workers with compensable injuries. This article discusses these issues and suggests some ways in which those involved in proprietary rehabilitation can properly position themselves to address and benefit from these challenges and opportunities.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2005

Learning styles of allied health students using Kolb's LSI-IIa.

The purpose of this study was to assess the learning style preferences of students enrolled in various allied health professional programs. Five professions were examined: nursing, physician assistant (PA), occupational therapy (OT), physical therapy (PT), and speech-language pathology (SLP). The assessment instrument used was the Kolb Learning Style Inventory LSI-IIa. The study included 89 subjects from the various allied health care programs enrolled at a small midwestern university. Findings indicated similar learning style preferences between nursing, OT, PA, and SLP student groups. Students from these groups exhibited a close balance between all four learning styles. The nursing and SLP groups showed a slight preference for concrete experimentation, whereas the OT and PA groups preferred abstract conceptualization. The learning style of the PT students was that of converger, with a strong tendency toward active experimentation versus reflective observation. An emphasis needs to be placed on student learning styles and its impact in the educational process. An understanding and incorporation of learning styles in the education of health care providers could have a positive impact not only on the teaching and learning process but also on the effectiveness of interdisciplinary team interactions and the patient educational process.

Allied Health Personnel↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Age at menarche of students in Vojvodina].

By the status quo method the age of menarche was investigated in 15,235 girls, aged 10.5 to 17.5 years, from 35 places in the Socialist Autonomous Province of Vojvodina. Menarche was recorded in 8,188 (53.74%) girls. It proved to appear (the median obtained by the probit analysis) at the age of 12.68 +/- 0.01 years, i. e. at that age 50% of girls had menarche. The confidence limits were 12.63 and 12.70 years. The age of menarche in relation to parents' profession showed no significant differences between different occupations. The highest difference was observed between daughters of fathers-intellectuals (12.56 years) and mothers-intellectuals (12,60 years) on the one hand and daughters of fathers-peasants (13.05 years) and mothers-housewives (12.87 years) on the other. According to monthly income per household member, the earliest menarche (12.59 years) was found in girls with the highest income (over 2500 Dinars) and the latest (12.90 years) in those with the lowest income (below 1500 Dinars), the difference not being statistically significant.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

The OSHA standard setting process: role of the occupational health nurse.

1. Occupational health nurses are the health professionals most often involved with the worker who suffers as a result of ineffective or non-existent safety and health standards. 2. Occupational health nurses are familiar with health and safety standards, but may not understand or participate in the rulemaking process used to develop them. 3. Knowing the eight basic steps of rulemaking and actively participating in the process empowers occupational health nurses to influence national policy decisions affecting the safety and health of millions of workers. 4. By actively participating in rulemaking activities, occupational health nurses also improve the quality of occupational health nursing practice and enhance the image of the nursing profession.

Guidelines as Topic↗
PubMed2006

Re-examining 'professionalism' in pharmacy: a South African perspective.

Although defining itself as a patient-centred profession, private sector (community and private hospital) pharmacy often appears to be that of a product-for-profit centred occupation. This perception has been at the core of the medical profession's attempts to reduce the professional autonomy of pharmacy, and has appeared at the forefront of the South African Department of Health's positioning of private sector pharmacy. Using as a starting point the debate surrounding attempts by the South African Minister of Health to regulate the price of medicines, I propose that the present negative positioning of private sector pharmacy in South Africa could be ameliorated by pharmacy practice that evidences a redefined understanding of professionalism.

Drug Costs↗
PubMed1995

Integrating the concepts of health promotion and community into occupational therapy practice.

Health reform activities in Canada have encouraged health care professionals to examine new and innovative ways to share their skills, not only with other professionals, but with the public. Historically, occupational therapists have been encouraged by leaders in the profession to expand their practice and to share their skills through active participation with their communities. Health promotion has been identified as a process through which this expansion can be pursued. In order for occupational therapists to contribute to their communities in a meaningful way, the concepts of health promotion and community require definition, development and reflection within their model of practice. Through a discussion of these concepts, this paper encourages occupational therapists to develop, expand and integrate new practice roles within the community by integrating health promotion into their practice.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Providing employer-arranged occupational medical care: conflicting interests.

It is said that ethics comprise principles of good conduct or standards governing the conduct of the members of a profession. These standards are unbending and strict, yet the reality is that occupational health professionals are subject to many conflicting pressures. Most of these stresses arise from the fact that employers and insurance companies, not worker-patients, fund OH services, and these two entities have overlapping, yet distinct, interests. OH professionals must consider the health and safety of individual workers as their top priority, while also addressing myriad other concerns. This is the moral challenge confronting practitioners.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed2006

Physical activity and lung cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Cohort.

Research conducted predominantly in male populations on physical activity and lung cancer has yielded inconsistent results. We examined this relationship among 416,277 men and women from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Detailed information on recent recreational, household and occupational physical activity, smoking habits and diet was assessed at baseline between 1992 and 2000. Relative risks (RR) were estimated using Cox regression. During 6.3 years of follow-up we identified 607 men and 476 women with incident lung cancer. We did not observe an inverse association between recent occupational, recreational or household physical activity and lung cancer risk in either males or females. However, we found some reduction in lung cancer risk associated with sports in males (adjusted RR = 0.71; 95% confidence interval 0.50-0.98; highest tertile vs. inactive group), cycling (RR = 0.73; 0.54-0.99) in females and non-occupational vigorous physical activity. For occupational physical activity, lung cancer risk was increased for unemployed men (adjusted RR = 1.57; 1.20-2.05) and men with standing occupations (RR = 1.35; 1.02-1.79) compared with sitting professions. There was no evidence of heterogeneity of physical activity associations across countries, or across any of the considered cofactors. For some histologic subtypes suggestive sex-specific reductions, limited by subgroup sizes, were observed, especially with vigorous physical activity. In total, our study shows no consistent protective associations of physical activity with lung cancer risk. It can be assumed that the elevated risks found for occupational physical activity are not produced mechanistically by physical activity itself but rather reflect exposure to occupation-related lung cancer risk factors.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Occupational fields and professional opportunities of German gerontologists--a report based on a survey of the members of the German Society for Gerontology].

The report is based on a written questionnaire sent to the members of the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gerontologie. The rate of return amounted on average to 45% with all four Sections of the Association well represented. 40% of those who answered claim to be active in the scientific field only, 47% work as scientists and practitioners at the same time, and another 9% dedicate their work to practice only. The span of professions as well as branches of science and their specialities is very broad. It may thus be assumed that member composition is a guarantee for multidisciplinarity. 62% of the members who answered claim to have good career prospects in the profession they represent and in their branch of occupation, i.e. in gerontology/geriatrics or in practical fields of work dedicated to applying such knowledge. Nevertheless, one fifth of the members of this professional association see no professional perspectives in the fields named, although their membership in the Association points to a vested interest. One fifth of the members, not identical with the group referred to above, state that they see no chances of employment in gerontology/geriatrics or their fields of application in the long run, or they refrain from presenting a judgment on the grounds of prevailing uncertainty. Critical comments made concern the situation of gerontology/geriatrics in the Federal Republic of Germany. This branch of science is seen as receiving too little recognition and the degree of institutionalisation reached is judged to be rather unsatisfactory.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1985

Fieldwork experience, Part II: The supervisor's dilemma.

This paper examines the distinguishing characteristics of the effective and the ineffective supervisor and the role, responsibilities, problems, and current needs of the occupational therapy student supervisor. Data were obtained through questionnaires received from 188 therapists and 127 students in 65 fieldwork centers nationwide. Responses indicate a perceived lack of adequate preparation of occupational therapists for the role of student supervisor and provide evidence that the profession needs to assume a more active role in providing formal, standardized training programs for the occupational therapy student supervisor. The results demonstrate a need for greater accountability for the quality of the fieldwork experience and the supervisory process guiding that experience.

Adult↗