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At least 793 records · Page 44Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

[Postoperative Viscum album therapy after surgery of breast neoplasms].

From a selection of 547 patients with mamma carcinoma stages I and II it is statistically shown that the 5- and 10-year survival rates are significantly improved with postoperative use of Iscador (Viscum album); this in comparison with the conventional treatment on its own. No toxic side effects have been experienced.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Biologic properties of iscador: a Viscum album preparation I. Hyperplasia of the thymic cortex and accelerated regeneration of hematopoietic cells following X-irradiation.

We demonstrated that a preparation of Viscum album (Iscador) has unusual effects on the immune system. In CD-1 mice, the mean weight of the thymus increased from 45 to 85 mg. following six daily intraperitoneal injections of 2.5 mg. of Iscador. The thymic trophic influence was maintained over a long period of time. Sprague-Dawley rats treated with Iscador for 16 weeks showed an increase of 78% in thymic weight over controls. The increased weight of the thymus was due to increased proliferation of cortical thymocytes. The number of blast cells in the outer cortex of the thymus increased within 2 days of the first injection and remained at high levels. Thymocytes of Iscador-treated animals were 29 times more responsive to Concanavalin A than those of untreated controls. Iscador increased the amount of antibody produced by animals injected with sheep red blood cells if it was injected after the antigen. Iscador also had effects on hematopoietic cells. It accelerated the recovery of hematopoietic tissue in bone marrow and spleens of irradiated animals. We believe that V. album preparations may be valuable reagents for perturbing thymus function.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Expression of lectin, interleukin-2 and histopathologic blood group binding sites in prostate cancer and its correlation with integrated optical density and syntactic structure analysis.

The binding of several biotinylated biologic probes was determined in sections of 20 surgical specimens of prostate cancer and of 21 biopsy specimens of hyperplastic prostate. Whereas neither the immunomodulatory, galactoside-specific lectin from Viscum album nor the human beta-galactoside-specific lectin (M(r) 14 kd) or its specific antibody discerned any remarkable differences, the lectin from Urtica dioica (UDA) and interleukin-2, the in vitro production of which is enhanced by this lectin, exhibited obvious preference for hyperplastic cells. In addition, the presence of binding sites for chemically synthesized blood group determinants was tested. Carcinoma cases revealed a higher percentage of binding of synthetic blood group trisaccharide H than hyperplasia cases. Due to these differences, diverse parameters, derived from measurement of integrated optical density (IOD) and from syntactic structure analysis, were correlated with the extent of binding of these biologic probes for the tumor cases. Primarily, parameters that are related to computation of a minimum spanning tree were significantly different in positive and negative cases for both UDA and interleukin-2. For the binding of blood group trisaccharide H the 5C exceeding rate, the 2CV deviation index and the distance of neighboring tumor cells with an IOD > 5 were clearly dissimilar. Our results thus suggest an extension of the panel of biologic probes for prostate cancer and substantiate the usefulness of correlations of binding of selected biologic probes to features derived from the assessment of IOD and syntactic structure analysis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1995

Effect of Viscum album L. on rapidly proliferating amniotic fluid cells. Sister chromatid exchange frequency and proliferation index.

Amniotic fluid cells (AFC) from 10 women undergoing amniocentesis were investigated. The 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine-induced sister chromatid exchange (SCE) frequency of AFC remained stable after the addition of a therapeutical concentration of Viscum album L. preparation Iscador P but decreased significantly after administration of high drug doses. As the proliferation index remained stable, even at extremely high drug concentrations, this effect could not be ascribed to a reduction of proliferation. No indications of cytogenetic damage or effects of mutagenicity were seen after the addition of Viscum album L. preparation P.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1994

[The effects of plant preparations on cellular functions in body defense].

Two preparations of Echinacea purpurea and a preparation of Eleutherococcus senticosus increased the in vitro phagocytosis of Candida albicans by granulocytes and monocytes from healthy donors by 30-45%. The chemotactic migration of granulocytes in the Boyden Chamber was increased by 45% with an Echinacea purpurea extract. The two herbal preparations had no effect in either direction on intracellular killing of bacteria or yeasts. Echinacea and Eleutherococcus preparations did not induce in vitro transformation of lymphocytes. The mistel toe preparation examined (Viscum album) did not influence the tested functions of granulocytes, monocytes or lymphocytes of healthy donors.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Study of plant lectins from Viscum album using monoclonal antibodies].

Monoclonal antibodies (monAT) against both native (TA5, TB12) and denatured (TB33, TB35) plant toxin ML1 from Viscum album have been obtained. The interaction of monAT against native toxin with its isoforms ML2 and ML3 was investigated. It was shown that monAT TA5 to A-chain of ML1 toxin cross-reacted with ML2 and ML3 isoforms. TA5 did not inhibit enzyme activity of A-chain in cell-free rabbit reticulocyte system. It was shown that monAT TB12 reacted with galactose-binding site of B-subunit. Both monAT had no cross-reactions with plant toxin ricin. The binding constants for TA5 with ML1, ML2, ML3 respectively were 4.3.10(7) M-1, 1.2.10(7) M-1, and 0.3.10(7) M-1. The binding constants for TB12 were 2.10(7) M-1 with ML1 toxin, and more than 10(6) M-1 with ML2 and ML3. The nature of heterogeneity in ML toxin family is discussed. Test-systems for ML1 determination in different V. album extracts are suggested.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

IL-12-mediated activation of MHC-unrestricted cytotoxicity of human PBMC subpopulations: synergic action of a plant rhamnogalacturonan.

IL-12 mediated activation of human MHC-unrestricted cytotoxicity was studied with freshly isolated, highly enriched CD56 +CD3- NK cells (95.98%), monocytes/macrophages (90-95%) and CD3 + T cells (95-98%). Activation of NK cell cytotoxicity and monocyte cytotoxicity by IL-12 were independent of exogenous IL-2 and IFN gamma. Activation of CD3+T cells to MHC-unrestricted cytotoxicity required coactivation by anti-CD3 antibody. The enhanced cytotoxicities were directed against NK-sensitive as well as NK-resistant target cells and coincided with enhancement of effector cell/target cell conjugate formation. The specific cytotoxicity of all three activated effector cell populations was further increased in the presence of rhamnogalacturonan. These increases were based on an additional increase of effector cell/target cell conjugate formation that is based on rhamnogalacturonan-mediated bridging between effector cells and target cells. Simultaneous enhancement of cytotoxicity indicates involvement of receptors on effector cells cross-reacting with acetylrhamnose (6-deoxymannose) that might play an important role in human MHC-unrestricted cytotoxicity against tumor cells.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1995

A plant lectin derived from Viscum album induces cytokine gene expression and protein production in cultures of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

A plant lectin from Viscum album (ML-I) has been shown to increase the number and cytotoxic activity of natural killer cells and to induce antitumor activity in animal models. However, the mechanisms underlying the effects of ML-I on natural host defenses are unknown. After 24 h incubation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in the presence of 10 and 1 ng/ml of ML-I, mRNA expression and secretion of a panel of cytokines were evaluated by reverse polymerase chain reaction and by ELISA, respectively. The lectin induced expression of interleukin (IL)-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interferon-gamma, granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating factor and IL-10 genes but no expression of IL-2 and IL-5 genes could be detected. Regarding cytokine secretion, IL-6 and TNF-alpha production was induced by 10 ng/ml ML-I. On the other hand, IL-10 secretion was only stimulated by 1 ng/ml lectin. No production of IFN-gamma or, as expectable, IL-2 could be detected. In addition, ML-I increased the percentage of HLA-DR+ T lymphocytes in vitro. In tests performed on whole blood, monocytes and granulocytes bound the fluorescence-conjugated ML-I molecules to a higher degree than lymphocytes. Expression of IL-1 beta and IFN-gamma genes could also be observed upon ML-I stimulation of nonadherent cells. These results suggest that lectin-sugar interactions on the cell surface of immunocompetent cells can induce cytokine gene expression and protein synthesis.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Extracts from Viscum and Crataegus are cytotoxic against larynx cancer cells.

The effects of hexanoic extracts of Viscum cruciatum Sieber parasitic on Crataegus monogyna Jacq. (I), Crataegus monogyna Jacq. parasitized with Viscum cruciatum Sieber (II), and Crataegus monogyna Jacq. non-parasitized (III), and of a triterpenes enriched fractions isolated from I, II and III (CFI, CFII, CFIII respectively), on the growth of HEp-2 cells have been evaluated. All the samples demonstrated significant cytotoxic activity against cultured HEp-2 cells, and all of them showed a stronger in vitro activity than 6-mercaptopurine solution used as a positive control. With the hexanoic extracts I, II and III almost similar activity was obtained, but the hexanoic extract I showed comparably better results. Almost complete inhibition was observed with triterpenes-enriched fractions CFI, CFII and CFIII, at the dose 6 micrograms/ml, after 72 h of treatment. The most intense response was obtained with the triterpenes-enriched fraction CFIII (from Crataegus monogyna non-parasitized), where the inhibition was 93%, but the fraction CFI and CFII showed similar inhibition (92% and 83%).

Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic↗
PubMed1997

Effect of viscum album in the inhibition of lung metastasis in mice induced by B16F10 melanoma cells.

Effect of Iscador, an extract from semiparasitic plant Viscum Album on the inhibition of lung metastatic colony formation induced by B16F10 melanoma cells was studied in mice. Simultaneous administration of drug (1.66 mg/dose) and B16F10 melanoma cells could inhibit lung nodule formation by 92%. Prophylactic drug administration produced and inhibition of 78.6% and drug administration five days after tumour induction produced 68.16% inhibition of lung nodule formation. Lung hydroxyproline and serum sialic acid levels were also lower in the tumour bearing animals treated with Viscum Album. The animals treated with simultaneous drug administration had an increase of 71.34% in their life span.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A berry Christmas.

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History, 17th Century↗