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Results for “Maxillofacial Development”

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PubMed1996

What's in a face?

Genetic syndromes causing human facial abnormalities have been extensively studied from the clinical point of view. In these syndromes, distinctive facial features are frequently associated with specific defects of other organ systems, and the genes responsible must all play a significant part in normal development. In this paper genes causing craniofacial abnormalities, that have either been mapped or isolated, are reviewed.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1999

Palatoalveolar outcome at 18 months following simultaneous primary cleft lip repair and posterior palatoplasty.

It is frequently reported that early repair of the soft palate induces narrowing of the remaining palatal cleft and thus facilitates later hard palate closure. However, to the best of our knowledge, there have been no comparative studies to test this hypothesis. The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the change of palatoalveolar morphology following primary lip repair and posterior palatoplasty. Dental plaster models of patients with complete unilateral cleft of lip and palate (UCLP) were used to measure the width of the cleft and palatal arch. Twenty-six patients received simple posterior palatoplasty (PP group) simultaneous with primary lip repair, and 20 patients did not (NPP group). The dental models included one preoperative cast at 2 months (T1) and two or three casts at 6 (T2), 12 (T3), and 18 (T4) months before final palate closure. The linear measurements performed were width of alveolar cleft (Ca); width of palatal cleft between the canines (Cc), molars (Cm), and tuberosities (Ct); the palatal arch distance between the canines (Dc); the widest distance between molars (Dm) and the tuberosities (Dt); and the palatal height between the canines (Hc) and tuberosities (Ht). The raw measurements and the calculated cleft-to-arch ratios of Cc/Dc, Cm/Dm, and Ct/Dt were compared between the two groups. The results showed gradual narrowing of the width of cleft from T1 to T4. Narrowing of alveolar cleft width (Ca) from T1 to T2 was dramatic. The palatal arch (Dc, Dm, Dt) showed no change to mild increase in width. The cleft-to-arch ratios decreased with time. The palatal height remained the same or slightly increased over time. There were no significant differences observed between the PP and NPP groups among these measurements except for the Ct and Ct/Dt at T4. In conclusion, after initial lip repair, there was a decrease of the width of cleft in patients with complete UCLP during the 18-month period, and simple posterior palatoplasty did not further narrow the cleft nor influence palatal arch development.

Chi-Square Distribution↗
PubMed1984

Le Fort III advancement osteotomy in the growing child.

A prospective clinical and cephalometric study was conducted on 12 patients under the age of 12 years undergoing Le Fort III advancement with the following findings: 1. There was a remarkable degree of postoperative skeletal stability of the midfacial segment. 2. Disharmony in jaw relationship (anterior crossbite) observed during the period of longitudinal postoperative study could be attributed to expected mandibular development. 3. In some patients, growth and development of the maxilla in a forward and downward direction were documented after Le Fort III advancement. The authors recommend that a Le Fort III advancement can be safely performed at approximately age 4 without a deleterious effect on midfacial development in the patient with craniofacial dysostosis.

Cephalometry↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[An anniversary of the Maxillofacial Surgery Clinic in Novi Sad--a half-century of progress, education, learning and practice].

Maxillofacial Surgery is an independent surgical specialty dealing with diagnostics and therapy of malignant and benign tumors, injuries, deformities and congenital anomalies of head and neck, as well as infections in the same region. It originates in central European states. Origin and development of Maxillofacial surgery in Serbia is connected to the name of dr Atanbas Pulja, in 1912 y. during the First Balkans War. Maxillofacial surgery in Novi Sad represents a scientific, educational and research base and center. The members of the staff include 7 specialists, out of which 2 are professors and 2 assistant professors. Maxillofacial Clinic is a part of the Institute of Surgery, which is a part of the Clinical Centre of Novi Sad. Head of the Clinic is Full Professor dr Jovan Ristić.

Health Facilities↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Influences of osteoclast deficiency on craniofacial growth in osteopetrotic (op/op) mice.

It is well known that the defect in bone resorption in osteopetrotic (op/op) mice brings about deformation of the cranium and failure of tooth eruption. However, the influences on longitudinal growth of the craniofacial skeleton have not been elucidated. This study was thus conducted to examine craniofacial morphology and longitudinal changes in the op/op mice by means of morphometric analysis with lateral cephalograms. Lateral cephalograms, taken every 10 days from 10- to 90-day-old mice, were analyzed on a personal computer for 11 measurement items. For the nasal bone region, the most prominent differences were found between the op/op and normal mice. The anterior cranial base and occipital bone height presented almost equivalent growth changes in both the op/op and normal mice. The size of mandible, meanwhile, was significantly smaller in the op/op mice than in the normal controls. The gonial angle was also significantly larger in the op/op mice than in the normal mice throughout the experimental period. Thus, substantial differences in craniofacial growth were demonstrated in various areas of the craniofacial complex, which are assumed essentially due to the lack of osteoclastic bone resorption during growing period. Since the difference became more prominent in the anatomic regions relevant to the masticatory functions, it would be a reasonable assumption that reduced masticatory function is also a key determinant for the less-developed craniofacial skeleton in the op/op mouse.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Growth modification--report of an NZAO symposium.

The New Zealand Association of Orthodontists has, through its Education and Research Development Group, adopted a style of symposium which will continue to be offered on an occasional basis to members. These workshop meetings aim to provide worthwhile and innovative professional development for members while simultaneously exploring contemporary research on matters of clinical importance. This report describes the proceedings of such a symposium, the theme of which was growth modification, held in Napier in March 2003. Common shortcomings of research published on this topic are discussed, and limited conclusions are offered relating to the treatment of Class II and Class III malocclusions.

Child↗
PubMed1978

[Stomatological health education for children and adolescents].

Principles of dental health education is childhood and adolescence are outlined with special regard to priorities related to the age-specific state of dentition development. The paper concluded with organizational advice deduced from practical experience.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

The clinical course of mannosidosis.

The clinical course of mannosidosis was studied in eight patients. The age at onset of symptoms varied from 6 months to 3 years. The first symptom was usually delayed development of speech or motor or mental functions and was often accompanied by recurrent infections. All the patients were mentally retarded, with slightly coarse facial features, poor ability to speak, sensorineural hearing loss and dysostosis multiplex. Ataxia was seen in all but one case, appearing in childhood at the same time as the hearing loss. Follow-up observations suggested gradual impairment of mental and motor functions and speech with age. Other findings were stunted growth in adults, and vacuolated lymphocytes in the peripheral blood.

Bone Development↗
PubMed2002

Dental arches and occlusion in bilateral cleft lip and palate patients after two different routines for palatal surgery.

BACKGROUND: Delayed hard palate repair (DHPR) is believed by many researchers to improve maxillary growth and facial appearance in patients born with cleft lip and palate. However, only few studies dealing with the midfacial growth outcome after this type of surgery in bilateral cleft patients have been published. PATIENTS AND METHOD: The purpose of this retrospective study was to compare long-term results of maxillary morphology, dental arches and occlusion in two groups of patients with bilateral cleft lip and palate. The palatal surgery differed between the two groups, particularly with respect to the timing of hard palate repair. The DHPR group (n = 16) underwent soft palate closure at 12 months and hard palate repair at around 8 years, whereas the early palatal repair group (EPR) (n = 12) had completed two-stage palatal closure during the first year of life. These latter subjects had undergone more traditional palatal surgery with vomer flaps for repair of the anterior part and push-back closure for the posterior part of the cleft. Surgery was performed in both groups by the same surgical team at Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden. Dental casts were used to analyze the pre- and postoperative maxillary morphology, dental arch dimensions, and occlusion of both samples, which were followed longitudinally from infancy to early adulthood. RESULTS: Differences recorded in both maxillary growth and occlusion were generally in favor of the DHPR group. However, major intragroup variations and relatively small sample sizes precluded statistical verification of the differences, except for development during the early stages.

Adolescent↗