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Results for “Life Expectancy”

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At least 793 records · Page 44Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Cholesterol lowering and life expectancy: a critical evaluation].

Numerous studies have confirmed a positive correlation between serum cholesterol levels and the occurrence of coronary artery disease. Lowering cholesterol by 1% is accompanied by a reduction of coronary events by 2%. The rate of fatal coronary events is not significantly influenced. Coronary angiography demonstrated only a mild average reduction of coronary lesions after cholesterol-lowering therapy. This might be explained by the low lipid content of a coronary plaque (5-15%). The majority of intervention trials revealed an increase of the extracardiac mortality in treatment groups. Thus, up to the present, it remains unproven that cholesterol-lowering therapy leads to an increase in life expectancy.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1993

[Social inequality, illness risk and life expectancy: criticism of social epidemiological injustice research].

The inquiry of the association between social class and illness/life expectancy lacks as well on theory orientated conceptualization of the complex causal chain from social inequality to individual consequences as on differentiation of each of its links. In order to eliminate these deficits a hierarchical multidimensional process model will be introduced, in which the position in the system of social inequality (macro dimension) is connected with the dimension of social action (meso dimension, esp. family and professional context) and this again with the dimension of the individual (micro dimension: personality/organism) in different stages of the life course.

Hierarchy, Social↗
PubMed2006

Subjective residual life expectancy in health self-regulation.

Applying socioemotional selectivity theory to the domain of health, we examined the interplay of social-cognitive predictors of physical exercise in two groups of people who perceived their remaining lifetime as either expansive or limited (based on subjective longevity ratings). Individuals (N = 370) who were prescribed physical exercise were assessed at discharge from orthopedic rehabilitation as well as 6 and 12 months later. Multigroup structural equation modeling showed differences in latent means, interrelations of predictors, and amount of explained variance. Individuals who perceived their time as limited reported a less favorable profile on social-cognitive variables and less exercise goal attainment. We give first insights on how health self-regulation differs in these groups, and we discuss avenues for intervention based on socioemotional selectivity theory. In contrast to chronological age, subjective life expectancy can be targeted by intervention.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Fixed prosthodontics in the elderly population. Life expectancy of fixed restorations, failures, and retreatment methods.

The restorative needs of older dental patients challenge the ingenuity, anatomic knowledge, artistic skills, occlusal philosophies, and material knowledge of the clinician. Achieving the most secure foundation while simultaneously eliminating imperfections and incorporating a design that promotes good oral hygiene and a natural and attractive appearance are significant contributors to a patient's welfare. The treatment decision regarding fixed prosthodontics for elderly patients requires the balancing of two opposing arguments: 1. In patients who are older, and who are perhaps medically or physically compromised, and, in addition, who may be on a limited budget (or perceived limited budget), it is important to fabricate dental prostheses that are as good as possible to minimize the likelihood that the prosthesis will need to be remade in the future when the patient is likely to be even more compromised financially, medically, or physically, and also to minimize the stress on the patient of accommodating to something that is less than an optimal dental solution. 2. Patients in this age group often anticipate financial strain in the future, perhaps realistically in view of the increasing percent of older adults who are institutionalized (5% of persons 65 years old or older, 20% of persons 80 years old or older). Also, many are reluctant to invest large amounts of money in their teeth when they are already quite elderly and realize they may not live long enough to make the investment "worthwhile." Educating the patient regarding average life expectancy is sometimes helpful, but the experience of many clinical dentists is that many elderly persons either do not believe the numbers, require greater certainty in their "investments," or do not place as high a value on their dental health as they do other aspects of their lives (in a context in which there are more needs than resources to pay for them). Finally, many older adults, contrary to the popular bumper sticker, are trying to preserve as many resources for their children and grandchildren as possible. The final decision should be made with sensitivity to the overall needs of the patient, and with the assistance of a well-informed patient or other responsible party.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Role of modifiable risk factors in life expectancy in the elderly.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of 'modifiable' risk factors, assessed between the ages of 60 and 70 years, in late survival. DESIGN: The study population included subjects aged 60-70 years, who had a standard health examination at the IPC Center, and who could potentially reach the age of 80 years for men and 85 years for women at the end of the follow-up period. METHODS: The role of 'modifiable' risk factors was assessed by comparing subjects who died before the age of 80 years for men (n=1333) and before 85 years for women (n=543) to subjects who survived beyond these ages (3681 men, 1910 women). Multivariate analyses were conducted to determine which parameters were independently associated with survival to an advanced age. RESULTS: The multivariate analysis showed a decreased probability of late survival with higher pulse pressure (P<0.0001), higher heart rate (P<0.002), higher glycemia (P<0.0034), and an increased probability with regular physical activity (P<0.0001). A significant interaction between heart rate and gender (P<0.01) was observed, indicating that heart rate was a predictor of late survival in men but not in women. Body mass index, cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and diastolic blood pressure and tobacco smoking were not associated with late survival in this population. CONCLUSIONS: A systematic search for certain risk factors in an elderly patient can have a significant impact on late survival and can lead to the establishment of priority goals, such as increasing physical activity and reducing blood pressure, heart rate and glycemia.

Age Factors↗