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At least 793 records · Page 44Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Baby talk from the perspective of discourse production: linguistic choices and context coding by different speakers.

Twenty men and 20 women with children under 3 years of age, and 20 men and 20 women without children were asked to select the most suitable utterance for a series of drawings representing different contexts of mother/father-infant interaction. Data were analyzed in three sections related to different hypotheses: In Phase 1, informational content and syntactic construction of sentences were selected in strict relationship with context by all speakers ("closeness to context" rule); in Phase 2, different speech acts were selected by different speakers within the same context (analysis of illocutionary force and canonicality); in Phase 3, the same contexts were linked to different interactional dimensions for the four groups, which formed different representations of the same interactional scene. Results are discussed in an attempt to integrate specific rules of adult-infant interaction and more general aspects of discourse production.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

When-questions: a study of how children linguistically encode temporal information.

Sixty children between the ages of 4 and 7 years and 10 adults were presented with a series of stories illustrated by five pictures in a comic strip format. Each story was followed by either a "when-," "why-," or control question. With respect to the "when"-questions, some of the stories involved causally related events while others did not. An analysis of the responses supported the hypotheses that causal relationships play an important role in the development of the ability to encode temporal relationships in response to "when"-questions.

Child↗
PubMed2005

The semantics of space: experiential and linguistic aspects of selected English spatial terms.

To investigate relationships between spatial terms and the human experience of space, participants in three separate experiments were asked to sort 35 English spatial terms into groups on the basis of which items seemed most similar to one another. Participants also were asked to provide a descriptive rationale for each of their groupings. Once all groupings were recorded, they were subject to hierarchical clustering analysis and results of all three studies produced five different clusters centering around issues of (1) barrier and passage, (2) distance, (3) embodiment, (4) boundary and containment, and (5) verticality. Meanings for each cluster were named on the basis of participant descriptions and from independent evaluations made by the research team. Using these thematic meanings as a guide, a first-person description of spatial experience was developed and related to current analyses of the Whorf Hypothesis concerning issues of spatial experience and memory.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Terms of madness: historical linguistics.

The etymological origins of commonly used descriptors of mental conditions are explored. In reviewing history for signs of mental disorders, we need to understand the terms used previously to indicate abnormalities. A wealth of terms is evident indicating that, contrary to the conclusions of some historians, mental illnesses have an extended and broad history.

History, 15th Century↗