Legislation relevant to perinatal care.
The legislative process is one route to follow in the attempt to change and improve perinatal care. Payment by the State Crippled Children's Service for medical care of certain costly high-risk neonatal conditions, only to qualified specialists and in centers meeting acceptable standards has had a snowball effect on upgrading neonatal care in this state. Not only has a large network of neonatal care centers and infant transport systems been developed, but there has been a rush especially on the part of nurses, to get special training in neonatal care. This has included not only the care of the sick neonate, but a look at newborn evaluation and resuscitation in the delivery and newborn areas. It is expected that this same center development and education and training process will now be extended to obstetrical care, as there is renewed interest in special care for high-risk mothers because of Assembly Bill 1326. The new hospital perinatal regulations mandate improvement of care in community hospitals where the majority of deliveries take place. The emphasis is on a larger and better educated staff, more concern with patients rights, and provision of a more humanistic family centered care as well as continual evaluation of maternal and neonatal outcome. The greatest limitation has been lack of Health Department staff to provide adequate consultation and surveillance of these services for compliance with the new laws. There has been an approximate 10 per cent reduction in the number of hospitals with maternity services- from 416 in 1968 to 369 today. While much of this consolidation may have been due to the fall in birth rate, these regulations have also contributed to the process. Most important of all, these laws have kept perinatal care constantly in the consciousness of California health care providers and consumers.