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At least 793 records · Page 44Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

An "integrated model" of programmed ribosomal frameshifting.

Many viral mRNAs, including those of HIV-1, can make translating ribosomes change reading frame. Altering the efficiencies of programmed ribosomal frameshift (PRF) inhibits viral propagation. As a new target for potential antiviral agents, it is therefore important to understand how PRF is controlled. Incorporation of the current models describing PRF into the context of the translation elongation cycle leads us to propose an 'integrated model' of PRF both as a guide towards further characterization of PRF at the molecular and biochemical levels, and for the identification of new targets for antiviral therapeutics.

Frameshifting, Ribosomal↗
PubMed2005

Innovations in integrative health care education.

The University of Arizona is justifiably famous for starting the first Program in Integrative Medicine Fellowship under the leadership of Dr. Andrew Weil several years ago. This was followed by creation of the successful distance learning Associate Fellowship. Now, making a potentially even broader contribution to the future of medicine is a new program, Integrative Family Medicine (IFM).

Academic Medical Centers↗
PubMed2003

The Vanderbilt Professional Nursing Practice Program, part 2: Integrating a professional advancement and performance evaluation system.

Developing a performance-based advancement system requires evaluation tools that capture essential behaviors and outcomes reflective of key nursing functions. To ensure relevance to clinical practice and enhance buy-in from nursing staff, the behaviors and outcomes were defined by a broad cross-section of nursing staff and administrators. The first article (September 2003) in this 3-part series described the foundation for and the philosophical background of the Vanderbilt Professional Nursing Practice Program (VPNPP), the career advancement program under way at Vanderbilt University Medical Center. This second article describes the development of the evaluation tools used in the VPNPP, the implementation and management of this new system, program evaluation, and improvements since the inception of the program. Additionally, the authors present the challenges and lessons we learned in development and implementation of a dynamic evaluation system that supports our career advancement program. The process of advancing within the program will be described in part 3.

Academic Medical Centers↗
PubMed2006

Integrated health practices: development of a graduate nursing program.

This article describes pedagogical issues in the development of a graduate nursing program in Integrated Health Practices (IHP), reports early experiences in the program, and asserts the importance of a graduate program in the specialty. The experience is described, and unique pedagogical issues encountered are discussed. While noting the contributions made to health and health care by Western medicine and nursing practice, the authors elaborate on the benefits of integrating western health care with less technological, less invasive, and less expensive holistic approaches. Diverse populations often require attention to specific chronic conditions, rather than to acute conditions, and constitutional requirements for overall health may be influenced by diverse health philosophies and practices. These requirements may be grounded in cultural and religious beliefs that must be incorporated into culturally sensitive plans of care. Clinical nurse specialists in IHP can offer knowledge and leadership to nursing practice, which address these complex, yet subtle health care issues.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Quality assurance in prevention.

The successful prevention of caries in Sweden, as in many other countries, is an example of what might he obtained when a systematic and complete program is adopted. Fluoride programs, mechanical cleaning of the teeth, and improved nutrition and eating habits have been the most important fundamentals for the positive results. A diminished use of tobacco, with a reduced frequency of periodontitis as one of the consequences, has been successful in some groups in the population but less so in others. There is, however, evidence now in Sweden of a less active preventive approach concerning caries prophylaxis among some parents today than a generation ago. Thus, there are obvious reasons to continue with oral preventive programs, preferably integrated with general health programs. For acceptable quality in preventive programs to be obtained, concrete goals must be formulated. These should be based upon scientific findings. Those in the society who should be given priority in the program must be identified by epidemiological studies. Systems for follow-up of the preventive measures should be integrated into the programs when they are initiated. Total quality assurance programs should include parameters which describe the resources and the process needed to obtain the formulated goals. The qualifications of those involved in the process are among the most important resources for success.

Dental Caries↗
PubMed2001

Viral vectors as part of an integrated functional genomics program.

Over the past decade, viral vectors have slowly gained mainstream acceptance in the neuroscience and genetics communities for the in vivo study of gene function [1]. Using stereotactic techniques, it is possible to characterize neuroanatomical relationships through the delivery of neurotropic viral vectors to specific brain regions. More sophisticated studies combine viral vectors with other methods of genetic manipulation such as germline transgenic mice. As more is learned about the properties of different viral vectors, it has become possible to use viral vectors to test hypotheses about the function of genes, through targeted in vivo delivery to the central nervous system (CNS). The effects of gene expression in the brain can be measured on the molecular, biochemical, electrophysiological, morphological, and behavioral levels. We propose that viral vectors should be considered as part of an integrated functional genomics platform in the CNS.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service stored-grain areawide integrated pest management program.

The USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS) funded a demonstration project (1998-2002) for areawide IPM for stored wheat in Kansas and Oklahoma. This project was a collaboration of researchers at the ARS Grain Marketing and Production Research Center in Manhattan, Kansas, Kansas State University, and Oklahoma State University. The project utilized two elevator networks, one in each state, for a total of 28 grain elevators. These elevators stored approximately 31 million bushels of wheat, which is approximately 1.2% of the annual national production. Stored wheat was followed as it moved from farm to the country elevator and finally to the terminal elevator. During this study, thousands of grain samples were taken in concrete elevator silos. Wheat stored at elevators was frequently infested by several insect species, which sometimes reached high numbers and damaged the grain. Fumigation using aluminum phosphide pellets was the main method for managing these insect pests in elevators in the USA. Fumigation decisions tended to be based on past experience with controlling stored-grain insects, or were calendar based. Integrated pest management (IPM) requires sampling and risk benefit analysis. We found that the best sampling method for estimating insect density, without turning the grain from one bin to another, was the vacuum probe sampler. Decision support software, Stored Grain Advisor Pro (SGA Pro) was developed that interprets insect sampling data, and provides grain managers with a risk analysis report detailing which bins are at low, moderate or high risk for insect-caused economic losses. Insect density was predicted up to three months in the future based on current insect density, grain temperature and moisture. Because sampling costs money, there is a trade-off between frequency of sampling and the cost of fumigation. The insect growth model in SGA Pro reduces the need to sample as often, thereby making the program more cost-effective. SGA Pro was validated during the final year of the areawide program. Based on data from 533 bins, SGA Pro accurately predicted which bins were at low, moderate or high risk. Only in two out of 533 bins did SGA Pro incorrectly predict bins as being low risk and, in both cases, insect density was only high (> two insects kg(-1)) at the surface, which suggested recent immigration. SGA Pro is superior to calendar-based management because it ensures that grain is only treated when insect densities exceed economic thresholds (two insects kg(-1)). This approach will reduce the frequency of fumigation while maintaining high grain quality. Minimizing the use of fumigant improves worker safety and reduces both control costs and harm to the environment.

Agriculture↗
PubMed2005

Integrating complementary and alternative medicine into academic medical centers: experience and perceptions of nine leading centers in North America.

BACKGROUND: Patients across North America are using complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) with increasing frequency as part of their management of many different health conditions. The objective of this study was to develop a guide for academic health sciences centers that may wish to consider starting an integrative medicine program. METHODS: We queried North American leaders in the field of integrative medicine to identify initial sites. Key stakeholders at each of the initial sites visited were then asked to identify additional potential study sites (snowball sampling), until no new sites were identified. We conducted structured interviews to identify critical factors associated with success and failure in each of four domains: research, education, clinical care, and administration. During the interviews, field notes were recorded independently by at least two investigators. Team meetings were held after each visit to reach consensus on the information recorded and to ensure that it was as complete as possible. Content analysis techniques were used to identify key themes that emerged from the field notes. RESULTS: We identified ten leading North American integrative medical centers, and visited nine during 2002-2003. The centers visited suggested that the initiation of an integrative medicine program requires a significant initial outlay of funding and a motivated "champion". The centers had important information to share regarding credentialing, medico-legal issues and billing for clinical programs; identifying researchers and research projects for a successful research program; and strategies for implementing flexible educational initiatives and establishing a functional administrative structure. CONCLUSION: Important lessons can be learned from academic integrative programs already in existence. Such initiatives are timely and feasible in a variety of different ways and in a variety of settings.

Academic Medical Centers↗
PubMed1999

A computer-assisted learning program in pharmacology: integrating scientific and nursing knowledge.

The integration of nursing and scientific knowledge presents challenges to students grappling with the difficulties encountered in learning pharmacology. This paper outlines a collaborative project developed to assist undergraduate nursing students to learn and understand pharmacology. The innovative approach taken included the development of a CD-ROM incorporating clinical scenarios and animated graphics, with an accompanying teaching guide.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1999

Evaluation of a case management program. Summary and integration of findings.

1. Occupational health nurses can advocate for fair and equitable policies for both workers and employers. Assisting workers to understand and negotiate through the workers compensation system can minimize suspicion among workers and service providers, and can increase the effectiveness and efficiency of service provision. 2. Occupational health nurses can work with the team of service providers and the injured worker to develop appropriate and realistic goals for service provision. Make sure there is clarity related to the roles and responsibilities of all persons on the team (including the injured worker) is essential. Consistency and continuity of services throughout the life of the case is crucial. 3. The injury and its sequelae have personal meaning to the worker that may profoundly affect the outcome of their case. The OHN/CM must be sensitive and responsive to the worker's issues and concerns, and respectful of their views. Workers must be assisted to identify and tap into their social support systems. 4. Occupational health nurse/case managers should take an active role in developing and advocating for strategies that will assure effective and meaningful communication among all parties involved in a case.

Case Management↗
PubMed1989

The integration of an educational program into a treatment facility.

This paper reviews the integration of an active teaching program into a busy treatment facility. All first and second year medical students at the University of California, San Diego take part in a series of didactic lectures and small group discussions, while third and fourth year students have the opportunity of joining a treatment team for 4 to 6 weeks. All psychiatric residents spend a minimum of 8 weeks working on the unit, and one fourth year resident is chosen to work with the staff for a year. The interactions between treatment teams and students in various stages of development help maximize enthusiasm and the commitment to the best patient care possible.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed2006

Effect of an integrated functional stability program on injury rates in an international netball squad.

The cost-effectiveness and efficacy of athlete profiling and injury prevention programs is influenced by procedural specificity, philosophy of athlete development within the sporting body and the dynamics within the multidisciplinary team (MDT). This article reports on the implementation of a multidisciplinary approach to injury reduction and performance development in an international netball squad. Problems with player compliance, training anxiety and injury rates sparked a decision to seek an alternative training approach. A reactive sports medicine system, poor player self-responsibility and inadequate player understanding of the anatomy and biomechanics of sound training, inadequate screening procedures and perceived conflict between sports science and sports medicine personnel were identified as causative factors. A new program was designed where common objectives were identified, and individual roles delineated. A functional profiling session was performed as a team activity and comprised player self-evaluation and netball specific movement analysis. Mechanisms of injury, training anxieties and modification of the overall program to ensure continued progression rather than a false plateau were illustrated through this process. From the above findings a strategy was outlined and comprised a foundation programme, a transitional phase, specific prophylactic programs, and sport specific sessions. A consistent approach was formulated across all disciplines in order to maximise transference of the new training program (TP). Training compliance was increased and interdisciplinary conflict prevented when dealing with different levels of training tolerance. Rate of injury in all vulnerable areas was markedly reduced. No training or overuse related injuries were sustained. Addressing fundamental functional problems and working openly and cooperatively towards a common goal, the members of the MDT were able to prevent injury, make significant gains in physiological performance and improve players' confidence and commitment to training over the defined period.

Adult↗