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[Communicable disease surveillance in Navarre, 2004].

Epidemiological surveillance in Navarre (584,734 inhabitants) covers 34 transmissible diseases, whose notification is compulsory, and epidemic outbreaks of any aetiology. Notification is carried out on a weekly basis by the doctors from paediatrics, primary care and specialised care. In 2004, 75.8% of all the possible notification reports (a weekly report for each doctor) were received, a percentage that has improved in the last five year period. Flu only reached 14.4 cases per 1,000 inhabitants (Epidemic Index, EI: 0.30), due to the advance of the epidemic peak for the 2003-2004 season to the month of November. The rate of respiratory tuberculosis fell to 11.6 cases per 100,000 inhabitants, and the rate of non-respiratory tuberculosis rose to 2.7 per 100,000. Ten cases of tuberculosis (11.9%) were grouped into four outbreaks that affected adolescents and young adults. Thirty percent of the cases were produced in immigrants and 4.8% in persons coinfected with HIV, proportions that are similar to those of the previous year. Eleven cases of meningococcal disease were reported, (1.9 cases per 100,000 inhabitants; EI 0.73), but only in 8 cases was the clinical form sepsis and/or meningitis. Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B was isolated in 8 cases, and serogroup C in 2 cases, the latter 2 were adults and were not vaccinated. The incidence of immunopreventable diseases continues to fall, and for the fifth consecutive year no case of measles has been reported. Legionnaire's disease, which is detected through the systematic determination of the antigen in urine, rose to 5.8 cases per 100,000 inhabitants (EI: 1.42), without any epidemiological relation between them. The incidence of imported diseases rose, with 12 cases of malaria, 8 of shigellosis, 5 of hepatitis A and 2 of legionnaire's disease acquired outside Spain.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Surveillance of communicable diseases in child day care settings.

Surveillance of child day care-related infections (DCRI) is relatively new and methods are evolving. The objectives of surveillance for DCRI include evaluating the occurrence of DCRI; defining epidemiologic features and risk factors for DCRI; identifying practices resulting in transmission of DCRI; providing data and direction for education and training; promoting the efficacy of disease prevention and control programs; providing reassurance to counselors, employees, and the community; and meeting requirements of regulatory and accrediting agencies. An overview is presented of the process and of mechanisms suggested for implementation. The process includes defining the infections, identifying resources, establishing methods for conducting continuous surveillance, consolidating and tabulating data, reviewing and analyzing data, reporting disease and disseminating data, and reinforcing policies for staff and parents. An effective system is one that is applied consistently, is based in large part on common sense and simplicity, and enhances communication among child day care providers, children, parents, and public and private health care personnel.

Child Day Care Centers↗