Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “CESTODE INFECTIONS”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 793 records · Page 44Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Data on the prevalence of tapeworm infestations in horses in The Netherlands.

The prevalence of tapeworm infestations was investigated in 70 horses slaughtered in the period February 1994-July 1994. Most horses were half-breed, young (1.5-3 years), and in good condition. They were bought for slaughter by dealers on local markets, and their treatment history was therefore unknown. Tapeworm infestations were seen in 16 horses (23%). Fifteen (21%) had an infection with Anoplocephala perfoliata. One horse had a single specimen of Paranoplocephala mamillana. The average number of A. perfoliata was 45 and the highest number was 508.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Mesocestoides sp. tetrathyridia (Cestoidea: Cyclophyllidea) in the iguanid lizards, Cophosaurus texanus texanus and Sceloporus olivaceous, from Texas.

New host records are reported for Mesocestoides sp. tetrathyridia in two species of iguanid lizards (Cophosaurus texanus and Sceloporus olivaceous) from Texas. Tetrathyridia were found free within the body cavity or encapsulated in the liver of the hosts. Prevalence of infection was generally low, with intensities ranging from 90 to over 200 tetrathyridia per host. In addition, a summary of North American lizard species reported as hosts of Mesocestoides sp. tetrathyridia is presented.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

The prevalence and abundance of internal parasites in working horses autopsied in Poland.

The digestive tracts of 50 working horses from private farms in Poland were examined. Thirty-seven nematode species, two tapeworm species and one species of botfly were recovered. The most prevalent small strongyle species were Cyathostomum catinatum, Cylicocyclus nassatus, Cylicostephanus goldi, Cylicostephanus longibursatus, Cyathostomum coronatum, Cylicostephanus calicatus, Cylicocyclus leptostomus and Cylicostephanus minutus. Thirteen cyathostome species showed a site preference in the ventral colon, five in the dorsal colon and three in the caecum. One species, Cylicocyclus triramosus, was new for Poland. Delafondia vulgaris was the most common large strongyle, with 74% prevalence, but low abundance. Parascaris equorum (26%) and Oxyuris equi (36%) were common. Strongyloides westeri (4%), Habronema majus (16%) and Habronema muscae (8%) were less prevalent. Both Habronema species were new for Poland. Tapeworm infection were not prevalent (Anoplocephala magna (4%) and Anoplocephala perfoliata (4%)). Botfly larvae were found in 40% of the horses examined. It was stated that no anthelmintics had been used on the farms.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Altered host behaviour: manipulation or energy depletion in tapeworm-infected copepods?

Parasites are able to influence intermediate hosts in a way that optimizes their growth and transmission to the next host. Macrocyclops albidus (Copepoda) suffer from a reduced escaping ability and an increased level of general activity, when infected with Schistocephalus solidus (Cestoda). This facilitates predation by the subsequent host, the three-spined stickleback. However, instead of adaptive host manipulation by the tapeworm, the altered copepod behaviour might be explained more simply as a constraint of the infection. Energy depletion could lead to decreased muscle performance and increased food searching activity. Furthermore, resource allocation among host tissues might change after infection. We therefore analysed the amount of storage lipids and muscle tissue before and after experimental infection. To determine the amount of muscles, we developed a new polarization-microscopic technique. Irrespective of infection, lipids and muscles were predictors of copepod survival. However, we found no effect of the parasite infection on muscles or lipids, and no indication of a change in resource allocation between these tissues. Our study suggests that behavioural changes in infected copepods are mediated by a mechanism different from energy depletion or a re-allocation of resources between muscles and lipids. We rather propose that the tapeworms directly manipulate copepod behaviour.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Parasites of the black-tailed jackrabbit in north central Colorado.

Forty-four black-tailed jackrabbits, Lepus californicus melanotis Mearns, 1890, were collected near Denver from August, 1972, through July, 1973, and amined for parasites. Recovered parasites and their infection rates were: Eimeria sp. 100%, Cittotaenia sp.27%, coenuri of Multiceps sp. 57%, Cediopsylla inaequalis 14%, Hoplopsyllus affinis 9%, Haemodipsus setoni 2%, Dermacentor andersoni 14%, and Haemaphysalis leporis-palustris 25%.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

[Helminths of wolves (Canis lupus) from south Mazurian Lakeland, a coprological study].

52 wolf scats collected during winter 2001/2002 in Puszcza Piska and Napiwodzko-Ramuckic forests were examined using Fulleborn's method. The overall helminth prevalence was 28.8%. Six helminth species were recorded, the most frequent species were Uncinaria stenocepmhala/Ancylostoma caninmu (treated together; found in 6 samples), Toxocara canis and Trichuris vulpis (both identified in 4 samples). The mean intensity of egg expulsion was 2.0 eggs/g feces, the most intense infection was this with Toxocara canis (average 23.0 eggs/g feces). There were observed differences in prevalence of parasite' species between packs. Present paper is first such an investigation in northeastern Poland.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

On the occurrence and morphology of Gyrodactylus pterygialis from saithe Pollachius virens in a Norwegian fjord.

A total of 308 Pollachius virens from a fjord near Bergen, western Norway, were examined for Gyrodactylus pterygialis over a 14-mo period; G. pterygialis showed the highest prevalence and density in winter/spring (November, January, March, and April pooled) but was absent in some months (August, September, and November). The morphology of the opisthaptoral hard parts of G. pterygialis were studied throughout the survey, and their variation is discussed with respect to host species, host locality, and different temperatures. On the basis of the present and previous descriptions, it is suggested that G. pterygialis is a parasite infecting gadine fishes of the genera Pollachius and Gadus, and that records from Pacific Eleginus and White Sea herring are distinct from G. pterygialis sensu Bychowsky and Poljansky, 1953.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2005

Ligula intestinalis infection as a potential source of bias in the bioindication of endocrine disruption in the European chub Leuciscus cephalus.

European chub Leuciscus cephalus collected from five localities in the lowland and subalpine regions of Austria were analysed for oestrogenic effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals and the presence of the plerocercoid of the tapeworm Ligula intestinalis. Of 1494 chub analysed, only seven (six males, one female) were found to be infected with single, but large plerocercoids up to 15 cm in length. Ligula-infected fish showed comparatively immature gonads, as demonstrated by the gonadosomatic index and gamete developmental stages. Plasma levels of the egg precursor protein vitellogenin also showed concentrations ranging below the detection limit. The present results indicate that chub infected with L. intestinalis and exposed to exogenous oestrogenic compounds can result in reduced gonadal maturation and produce false oestrogen-positive diagnoses in male fish. For plasma vitellogenin levels, L. intestinalis infections can result in false oestrogen-negative diagnoses in male and female fish.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Development of Khawia sinensis Hsü, 1935 (Cestoda: Caryophyllidea) in the fish host.

The development of the tapeworm Khawia sinensis has been observed up to the stage of sexually mature parasites releasing eggs in an experimentally infected definitive host (Cyprinus carpio) at 15-16 degrees C. Juvenile, maturing, adult and gravid tapeworms were found 2-12, 19-24, 36-62, and 78-91 days post infection, respectively. No apparent size difference between tapeworms from carp kept at 20-22 degrees C, examined 1-16 days post infection, and those from 15-16 degrees C was observed. In naturally infected and fed carp, kept at 21-22 degrees C, some tapeworms survived till the end of experiment (44 days) while in unfed fish they survived only 15 days from the beginning of experiment.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Differential immunodiagnosis between cystic hydatid disease and other cross-reactive pathologies.

We assessed an Echinococcus granulosus hydatid fluid antigen-ELISA (EgHF-ELISA) as a serologic prescreening test for E. granulosus infections, supplemented by more specific confirmatory tests, including arc-5 immunoprecipitation and antigen B subunit 8-kD immunoblotting. The diagnostic sensitivity of the EgHF-ELISA was 91%. With regard to the test specificity of the EgHF-ELISA (overall = 82%), we observed relatively frequent cross-reactions in tumor patients (6%) and in patients with other parasitic diseases. Cestode-related cross-reactivity can be resolved by the complementary use of E. multilocularis-specific antigens or Taenia solium cysticercosis-specific immunoblotting. Immunoblotting based upon the detection of antibody reactivity to the 8-kD antigen of EgHF, or if appropriately detectable, to the 29-kD and 34-kD bands exhibited a 91% diagnostic sensitivity and an overall specificity of 97% or 94%, respectively. Thus, immunoblotting provided a 99% discrimination between seropositive pre-operative cystic hydatid disease cases and cross-reactive non-cestode parasitic infections or malignancies.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1991

Diagnosis of liver tapeworm, Stilesia hepatica, infection in sheep.

A practical method of diagnosing Stilesia hepatica in live sheep is described. Intestinal contents and faeces were sieved through a sieve with apertures of 1.0 mm onto a sieve with apertures of 100 microns to reduce volume and turbidity. The residue on the fine sieve was examined microscopically. Gravid proglottids passed through the intestine without being digested. Intact proglottids were recovered from the intestine and faeces of infected sheep. Used purely on faeces, the technique is simple and reliable as a diagnostic method. Its application could facilitate basic research into the biology and epidemiology of the parasite.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bertiellosis in man: a review of cases.

The presence of Bertiella mucronata and Bertiella studeri (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae) in humans is reviewed, and international infection rates and a bibliography included. Taxonomic, biological, epidemiological, pathological, diagnostic, control, prevention and therapeutic aspects of the zoonosis are analyzed, and the increase in zoonotic potentiality of the parasitosis is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Influence of breeding technology of helminth fauna of geese (Anser anser f. domestica).

Two hundred goose broilers originating from farms with different housing facilities were examined for helminth parasites. The farm of the first technological type consisted of halls with deep liter without a run and that of the second type had grass runs neighbouring with a sheet of water. The geese from the first farm harboured A. galli, H. gallinarum and C. obsignata; those from the second farm, D. lanceolata, H. dispar, A. anseris and C. obsignata. In the first case, the geese were infected by helminths from chickens. The incidence and intensity of infection, frequency of single and mixed infections and relation between the incidence and intensity of infection and the age of broilers were evaluated. The influence of breeding technology on the formation of helminth fauna and the significance of individual helminth species in goose breeding are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Diagnosis of Stilesia hepatica infection in sheep.

A technique for examining faecal samples for Stilesia hepatica proglottids was assessed for diagnosis of this infection in live sheep. It detected infection in 67% of all the sheep that were confirmed infected by examining the livers during meat inspection and in 63% of sheep from a farm with a history of up to 100% infection rate at slaughter. It is 100% specific since it relied on the morphological identification of S. hepatica proglottids, which are characteristic. In addition it detected Avitellina centripunctata proglottids.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Resistance against heterogeneous sequential infections: experimental studies with a tapeworm and its copepod host.

Parasite heterogeneity is thought to be an important factor influencing the likelihood and the dynamics of infection. Previous studies have demonstrated that simultaneous exposure of hosts to a heterogeneous mixture of parasites might increase infection success. Here this view is extended towards the effect of parasite heterogeneity on subsequent infections. Using a system of the tapeworm Schistocephalus solidus and its copepod intermediate host, heterogeneity of the tapeworm surface carbohydrates is investigated, i.e. structures that are potentially recognized by the invertebrate host's immune system. With lectin labelling, a significant proportion of variation in surface carbohydrates is related to differences in worm sibships (i.e. families). Tapeworm sibships were used for experimental exposure of copepods to either homogeneous combinations of tapeworm larvae, i.e. worms derived from the same sibship or heterogeneous mixtures of larvae, and copepods were subsequently challenged with an unrelated larva to study re-infection. Contrary to expectation, neither an effect of parasite heterogeneity on the current infection, nor on re-infection were found. The effect of parasitic heterogeneity on host immunity is therefore complex, potentially involving increased cross-protection on the one hand, with higher costs of raising a more heterogeneous immune response on the other.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Human infection with Bertiella studeri in Thailand.

Bertiella studeri infection in a-26-year old Thai female was reported from Thailand. The intermittent diarrhoea and evacuation of a segment of the tapeworm brought the patient to the hospital. The parasitological description of the tapeworm specimen is reported.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Anoplocephala perfoliata of horses--significant scope for further research, improved diagnosis and control.

Anoplocephala perfoliata is the commonest tapeworm parasite of horses and is incriminated as a significant cause of clinical disease (e.g., ileocaecal intussusception, caeco-caecal intussusception and/or caecal perforation), particularly in horses chronically infected with large numbers of worms. The high prevalence (approximately 20-80%) of the parasite in some countries suggests an increased risk of clinical cases. In spite of research, there is still a paucity of information regarding the pathogenesis of the disease, the epidemiology of the parasite in different geographical regions and there are significant limitations with the diagnosis of infection. The present article provides an account of the biology, epidemiology and pathogenic effects of A. perfoliata, the diagnosis of infection and treatment. It highlights some gaps in knowledge of the parasite and the disease it causes, and suggests opportunities for future research and prospects for improved diagnosis, prevention and control.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Hymenolepis diminuta: intestinal mast cell and eosinophil response of the mouse to infection.

It has been demonstrated that the rejection of Hymenolepis diminuta by the mouse is characterized by a humoral response in serum and intestinal lavage. Now the response is also shown to be accompanied by a mast cell and eosinophil response in the lamina propria of the intestine. The mast cell response is, in time and place, correlated with the rejection process of H. diminuta. With regard to the number of eosinophils in the lamina propria, a significant response was only found in the second half of the intestine. The eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) concentration in the intestinal lumen is correlated with the rejection of the parasite and illustrates the involvement of eosinophils in the rejection process. The course of the EPO response is identical to the mast cell response. This, together with other results, suggests that, as to other "systemic" worm infections, a mast cell-eosinophil response may be, at least in part, responsible for the rejection of H. diminuta from the intestinal lumen.

Animals↗