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PubMedDate not supplied

[Beta-lactam antibiotic sensitivity in Aeromonas spp. of clinical, animal, and environmental origin].

Susceptibility to beta-lactam antibiotics was investigated in Aeromonas spp. Microorganisms were isolated from both, clinical and water creek samples, as well as from processed raw chicken carcasses. Aeromonas like colonies were identified by means of Aerokey II and API 20 E System (Bio-Merieux). A. hydrophila prevailed both of human origin (44%) and water creek samples (41%), while A. caviae ranked first among raw chicken samples (65%). Dilution testing by Agar Method was performed to determine minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), following NCCLS standards. All tested microorganisms were susceptible to third generation cephalosporin, cefepime, imipenem, aztreonam, and resistant to ampicillin. Only with cefepime and aztreonam exceptions, strains of human origin showed higher values of MIC90 than environmental ones. These results suggest that antibiotic resistance is mainly due to a steady environmental pressure, on account of the widely used above mentioned compounds.

Aeromonas↗
PubMed2000

[Gene cloning and expression of prolyl endopeptidase from Aeromonas punctata].

Prolyl endopeptidase gene was cloned from Aeromonas punctata subsp. Punctata(ST-78-3-3) using activity screening method and the 3.3 kb DNA fragment containing PEP gene was sequenced. DNA sequence from 20-2092 bp was ORF region coding 690 amino acids of prolyl endopeptidase. It was a new PEP gene through gene search. The genetic engineered E. coli BL21/pGEM-PEP overexpressing recombinant Aeromonas punctata prolyl endopeptidase(apPEP) was constructed. Cultured in YH medium, the expressed apPEP was about 30% of total cellular protein, the activity was 112 times more than that of wild strain. Expressed apPEP was mainly soluble intracellular protein, about 5% of apPEP was secreted to medium. Non-reduced SDS-PAGE analysis showed it's monomer with molecular weight about 76 kD, which corresponded with prediction by gene sequence. Recombinant apPEP was purified after tube culture, the purity reached 90% and specific activity was 67 U/mg.

Aeromonas↗
PubMed1992

[An outbreak of food poisoning suspected due to Aeromonas and characteristics of the isolated strains].

On June 7, 1990, food poisoning with main symptoms of abdominal pain and diarrhea occurred in Inuyama City, Aichi Prefecture. From results of bacteriological examination, three kinds of mesophilic Aeromonas spp. were detected from patients, leftover foods, well water, and cookers, one of which was A. hydrophila which was shown to produce haemolysin thought to be the cause of the food poisoning. On the other hand, A. sobria and A. caviae isolated from various materials did not produce haemolysin. The latter two strains of mesophilic Aeromonas spp. did not produce any other enterotoxins. Therefore, it appears that the well water containing A. hydrophila, A. sobria and A. caviae polluted the foods, which then had caused the food poisoning. Of nine strains of A. hydrophila, five do not dissolve sucrose, and these are typed as serogroup O:22 or O:23. The other four strains dissolve sucrose, and these are typed as serogroup O:16. According to the drug sensitivity test, all of these nine strains of A. hydrophila were resistant to Ampicillin, Erythromycin and Cephaloridine.

Aeromonas↗
PubMed1992

Incidence of Aeromonas isolated from diarrhoeal children and study of some virulence factors in the isolates.

Stool samples from 305 children with diarrhoea and equal number of age and sex matched non-diarrhoeal control children, less than 5 years of age, were examined during the period from Sept 1988 to April 1989. Aeromonas spp. were isolated from 37 (12.1%) diarrhoeal and 05 (1.6%) control cases. Out of 37 diarrhoeal isolates 13 (35.1%) were A. hydrophila, 19 (51.1%) A. sobria and 05 (13.5%) A. caviae. All the isolated strains were tested for haem agglutination property and haemolysin production. Seventeen diarrhoeal and 05 control isolates were tested for cytotoxin production in He La cell line and enterotoxin production in rat ileal loop model and suckling mouse model. Chinese hamster ovary cell (CHO) assay and Gm-1 ELISA methods were also employed. Cytotoxin production was found in 82.5% of diarrhoeal and 40% of control isolates. Haemagglutination was found in 62.1% of Aeromonas isolated from diarrhoeal children and 20% from control children. Enterotoxin production was detected in 58.8% diarrhoeal and none of the control isolates by either of the methods. Of the virulence factors enterotoxin production was found to correlate well with enteropathogenicity but haemolysin, cytotoxin and haemagglutinin did not.

Aeromonas↗
PubMed1990

Action pattern of Aeromonas hydrophila chitinase on partially N-acetylated chitosan.

Oligosaccharides from the digestion of 34% N-acetylated chitosan by Aeromonas hydrophila chitinase were separated by CM-Sephadex C-25 column chromatography. Sugar compositions and the sequences of main oligosaccharides were identified through their N-acetylation, their cleavage with exo-glycosidases, and their degradation with nitrous acid. Hetero-chitooligosaccharides such as GlcN.GlcNAc, GlcN.GlcNAc.GlcNAc, GlcNAc.GlcN.GlcNAc, and GlcNAc.GlcN.GlcNAc.GlcNAc, together with GlcNAc and (GlcNAc)2, were detected. The structure of GlcN.GlcNAc was confirmed by the analysis with proton and carbon NMR spectroscopy. These studies indicate that Aeromonas hydrophila chitinase is more specific toward the N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidic bonds in partially N-acetylated chitosan.

Acetylation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Antigenic relations between Vibrio cholerae and Aeromonas hydrophila].

The antigenic relationships between Vibrio cholerae and the oxidase-positive intestinal bacteria, agglutinated on slides by cholera antiserum, were investigated by the agglutination reaction. Of the 478 oxidase-positive strains studied only strain 209 A, belonging to species Aeromonas hydrophila was selected. Evidence was found of common agglutinogenic fractions between Vibrio cholerae and Aeromonas hydrophila 209 A. Attention is drawn to possible confusions in the preliminary stages of a laboratory diagnosis of cholera.

Aeromonas↗
PubMed2003

[A case of endogenous Aeromonas hydrophila endophthalmitis].

BACKGROUND: Aeromonas hydrophila(A. hydrophila) may cause septicemia in immunocompromised hosts, but endophthalmitis due to this agent is quite rare. To our knowledge, there have been no reports of A. hydrophila endophthalmitis in Japan. We report a case of endogenous endophthalmitis caused by Aeromonas hydrophila. CASE: The patient was a previously healthy 71-year-old man and no source of the endogenous endophthalmitis was found. A diagnostic/therapeutic vitrectomy was performed, but it was impossible to successfully treat this case because of extended retinal necrosis. A. hydrophila was isolated from the vitreous specimen. CONCLUSION: Endophthalmitis due to A. hydrophila had a rapid clinical course and poor prognosis.

Aeromonas hydrophila↗
PubMed1992

Electrophoretic mobility and immunoblot analysis of the outer membrane proteins of Aeromonas hydrophila, A. sobria and A. caviae.

The outer membrane profiles of three species of the genus Aeromonas were examined by means of SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting to identify species-specific polypeptides and antigens which could presumably be applied to differentiate Aeromonas spp. at the species or subspecies level. Profiles on an 11% discontinuous SDS-PAGE showed common band sharing at the 52 kD position. Species-specific bands for the three strains could also be detected. Immunoblots using heterologous LPS-adsorbed polyclonal antisera revealed demarcated common and uncommon antigens within the three species. Outer membrane preparations were immunoblotted against whole cell polyclonal antisera. The previously documented host pathogenicity of A. sobria correlated well with the immunoblots which showed antigenicity, especially due to the LPS, when compared with the other two species.

Aeromonas↗
PubMed1992

Occurrence of haemolysin producing Aeromonas species in the aquatic environment.

A total of 532 environmental isolates of motile aeromonads were evaluated for their ability to produce haemolysins. Of those isolates tested, 68 (12.5%) and 18 (3.4%) were found to be alpha and beta haemolytic, respectively. Aeromonas caviae was found to be alpha haemolytic (3.8%) for the first time. Isolates of Aeromonas which were either alpha or beta haemolytic on plate assay also produced detectable amounts of haemolysin in cell free broth assay.

Aeromonas↗
PubMed1992

[Sensitivity of Vibrio and Aeromonas to antibiotics].

The antibiotic sensitivity of 696 cultures belonging to the family Vibrionaceae (V. cholerae O1, V. cholerae non-O1, V. albensis, V. parahaemolyticus, V. alginolyticus and Aeromonas spp.) was studied and general regularities of the antibiotic sensitivity were shown: a high sensitivity to broad-spectrum antibiotics (tetracycline and chloramphenicol) and a low sensitivity to ++beta lactams (carbenicillin and ampicillin). The comparative examinations revealed similarity in the antibioticograms of V. cholerae O1 (el Tor++), V. cholerae non-O1 and V. albensis, especially the latter two groups, as well as the tested halophilic Vibrio cultures by the range of the MICs, Mo, Me and the nature of the antibiotic resistance. Cultures of V. cholerae and luminescent Vibrio tended to preserve a high sensitivity. High resistance levels were noted in the halophilic Vibrio and Aeromonas cultures. No significant differences in the sensitivity of the strains of various origin (from man and environmental objects) were detected. However, several more resistant strains were isolated from the environmental objects.

Aeromonas↗
PubMed2003

Influence of pH, salt concentration and temperature on the growth of Aeromonas hydrophila.

The influence of environmental factors on the growth of Aeromonas hydrophila was investigated Four isolates (AH 37, AH 79, AH 86 and AH 100) were exposed to various environmental factors such as pH, salt concentration and temperature in laboratory condition. All the four isolates showed more or less similar growth at pH 7.0, 8.0 and 9.0 at 30 degrees C and 5 degrees C. At pH 5.0, 6.0 and 10.0, the log number of cells was found to be lesser than that of pH 7.0, 8.0 and 9.0 at both 30 degrees C and 5 degrees C. The results of the influence of salt concentration on the growth of Aeromonas hydrophila revealed that NaCl concentration of 0.5%, 1.0% and 2.0% favored the growth of this organism at both 30 degrees C and 5 degrees C. Increase in the salt concentration resulted in the growth of the decrease of this organism. Three percentages and 4% salt concentration moderately supported the growth of the organisms in the medium whereas at 5.0% NaCl concentration, there was no growth. Moderate growth of A. hydrophila at 5 degrees C is an interesting observation. The ability to grow at salt concentration between 0.5%, 4.0% under acidic and alkaline conditions pose a problem in the preservation of seafoods. These criteria may account for modified preservation techniques.

Aeromonas hydrophila↗
PubMed2004

An outbreak of hospital acquired diarrhea due to Aeromonas sobria.

Six children admitted in a 18 bedded hematology-oncology unit, developed acute diarrhea in a four week period between March and April 2001. Salmonella senftenberg was the additional pathogen in the stool sample of one patient who developed cola colored urine and pneumonia in the course of his illness. All the Aeromonas strains had a similar biotype and antibiogram. The diarrhea subsided spontaneously in two children whilst three responded to antimicrobial therapy. One patient sought discharge and did not return for a follow up. Aeromonas sobria with a similar profile as the isolates from the patients could be isolated from only one of several environmental sites. The outbreak could be contained by appropriate interventional measures.

Aeromonas↗
PubMed2005

[Aeromonas caviae infection mimicking inflammatory bowel disease in a child].

A 10-year-old girl presented with a pancolitis with watery bloody diarrhoea. Her family history revealed the presence of inflammatory bowel disease. Whilst awaiting the diagnostic tests results, the stool cultures showed Aeromonas caviae. The disease resolved spontaneously. After 24 months there were no further signs of illness, notably no inflammatory bowel disease. This case represents a more severe form than the mild diarrhoea that is usually described in the literature. In a retrospective search of the hospital database, covering the previous 5 years, 188 patients with positive Aeromonas cultures were found, but the patient described was the only one with bloody diarrhoea with a monoculture positive for A. caviae.

Aeromonas↗
PubMed1992

[Usefulness of studies of susceptibility of ampicillin, carbenicillin, cefalotin and colistin as a presumptive identification system for the Aeromonas sp. group].

We have studied the restricted antibiotic susceptibility tests for 180 strains belonging to mesophilic Aeromonas sp. isolated from stools samples. Strains has been identified as follows: A. caviae (64.6%), A. hydrophila (17.7%) and A. sobria (17.7%). Antibiotics tested were ampicillin (10 micrograms), carbenicillin (100 micrograms), cephalotin (30 micrograms) and colistin (10 micrograms), by means of agar diffusion tests (disk-plate). We identified four different patterns of antibiotic susceptibility. The most frequent pattern (pattern #1) (77.8%) is characterized by susceptibility only to colistin, and was predominant among A. caviae strains (80%). Pattern #2 (susceptibility to cephalotin and colistin) was found in 18.9% of strains, being predominant in A. sobria (88.2%). We confirm the higher susceptibility of A. sobria sp. to cephalotin as well as the possibility that these different patterns might be used as screening method for species identification among mesophilic group of Aeromonas.

Aeromonas↗
PubMed2005

Numerical analysis of electrophoretic periplasmic protein patterns of Aeromonas sp. strains.

A total of 103 strains of Aeromonas spp. isolated from clinical and from environmental samples was compared by using SDS-PAGE of periplasmic proteins patterns. Strains isolated from Polish children suffering from gastroenteritis did not appear similar to strains isolated from human living in Hong-Kong. Aeromonas sp. strains did not show a tendency to cluster according to their origin. Our results have demonstrated no species-specific periplasmic protein profiles. A significant protein electrophoretic heterogeneity was observed within the species A. hydrophila, A. bestiarum, A. salmonicida, A. caviae, A. media, and A. veronii biotype sobria.

Aeromonas↗
PubMed2003

[Synthesis of copolyesters consisting of 3-hydroxybutyrate and 3-hydroxyhexanoate by Aeromonas hydrophila WQ and its molecular basis].

Aeromonas hydrophila WQ isolated from lake water was found to be able to synthesize polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) copolymer consisting of 3-hydroxybutyrate (HB) and 3-hydroxyhexanoate (HHx) (PHBHHx). Lauric acid was found to be the most suitable carbon source for cell growth and PHBHHx accumulation. The bacteria accumulated 49% PHBHHx containing 6% HHx in terms of cell dry weight when grown on lauric acid for 72 h. 42% PHBHHx consisting of 14% HHx was obtained with 5 g/L glucose and 10 g/L lauric acid as co-substrate. Higher glucose concentration greatly reduced the cell concentration and PHA content. The PHA biosynthesis genes from A. hydrophila WQ was successfully cloned using a two-step PCR cloning strategy based on PHA biosynthesis genes organization of Aeromonas caviae. A. hydrophila WQ and A. caviae shared high identities in the PHA gene loci, namely, ORF1, phaC and phaJ had 100%, 97% and 97.5% identities respectively. PHA synthases of A. caviae and A. hydrophila were proposed to contain type IV PHA synthases which are different compared with type I PHA synthases on the substrate specificity and location arrangement of PHA metabolic genes.

3-Hydroxybutyric Acid↗
PubMed2006

A simple fluorogenic method to detect Vibrio cholerae and Aeromonas hydrophila in well water for areas impacted by catastrophic disasters.

The colony overlay procedure for peptidases (COPP) is a simple, fluorogenic assay that can rapidly detect and quantify Vibrio cholerae and Aeromonas hydrophila in well water. Cleavage of the substrate L-lysyl-7-amino-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin by enzymes present in Vibrio and Aeromonas species produces fluorescent foci on cellulose acetate membranes exposed to long-wave ultraviolet light. Vibrio cholerae O1, O139, O155, and A. hydrophila were readily detected using this procedure, whereas Enterobacteriaceae and other non-Vibrionaceae pathogens did not produce fluorescence. The assay is practical for assessing the relative safety of well water in areas that have experienced catastrophic devastation from natural disasters, acts of war, or civil strife and may help curb outbreaks of cholera and other enteric illnesses in affected areas. In tropical climates, the procedure may be adapted for use in areas without electricity.

Aeromonas hydrophila↗
PubMed1975

[Aeromonas punctata subsp. caviae as the causative agent of acute gastroenteritis (author's transl)].

Since in the past, Aeromonas hydrophila had been isolated from all cases of human infection described. A. punctata and the anaerogenic sub-species were considered as apathogenic. From the case described, a close association between acute diarrhea with vomiting and the identification of A. punctata subsp. caviae becomes evident so that a conditional pathogenicity of this sub-species must be assumed. The question is discussed whether a preceding disturbance of the intestinal habitat in the presence of a particular susceptibility of the gastrointestinal tract promoted gastro-enteritis. Infection may have been brought about by the ingestion of surface water contaminated by sewage. Attention is again drawn to the fact that in the case of enteritis occuring during the open-air bathing season, faeces samples should also be examined for their Aeromonas content which may be performed by a simple indophenol or so-called cytochrome oxidase reaction of the aerobic flora in feces by rubbing off colonies into a corresponding test strip.

Acute Disease↗