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PubMed2006

DDBJ in preparation for overview of research activities behind data submissions.

In the past year, DDBJ (http://www.ddbj.nig.ac.jp) collected and released 1,956,826 entries or 1,741,313,111 bases. The released data include approximately 90,000 ESTs and cDNAs of Macaca fascicularis, and 280 million bases of mouse GSS. In addition to the data collection, we have indexed the submitted data to the International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration (INSDC, http://www.insdc.org) to classify the entries into research projects behind data submissions. They are expected to be useful to the data submitters and users for enhancing the data submission, retrieval and systematic data analyses at INSDC. The results of indexing also allow one to grasp research projects in life sciences that promoted and produced the DNA sequences submitted to INSDC.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed2004

A Web-based ACR index for radiological diagnoses.

OBJECTIVE: We created an online computer system that allows radiologists to access the American College of Radiology (ACR) index for radiologic diagnoses from any Web browser. CONCLUSION: A total of 11,260 indexes (10 anatomic, 722 pathologic, 90 subanatomic, and 10,438 subpathologic) were integrated into this online system. Users can navigate the entire ACR hierarchic indexing structure with easy-to-use cascading dropdown lists. This password-protected system also allows free-text searches, ACR index searches, and bookmark functions. We have used this system in our departmental intranet for more than 2 years.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Grounded theory: overview and application in pediatric nursing.

The grounded theory approach is a valuable research method in pediatric nursing for understanding and explaining human experience. In the first part of this article the steps involved in the grounded theory method are described, with illustrations from published grounded theory in pediatric nursing. The application of grounded theory in pediatric nursing is the focus of the second section of this article. The results of a CD-ROM data base search of the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) from 1983 to 1995 are summarized to identify grounded theory research in pediatric nursing conducted during those years.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed2003

Gene indexing: characterization and analysis of NLM's GeneRIFs.

We present an initial analysis of the National Library of Medicine's (NLM) Gene Indexing initiative. Gene Indexing occurs at the time of indexing for all 4600 journals and over 500,000 articles added to PubMed/MEDLINE each year. Gene Indexing links articles about the basic biology of a gene or protein within eight model organisms to a specific record in the NLM's LocusLink database of gene products. The result is an entry called a Gene Reference Into Function (GeneRIF) within the LocusLink database. We analyzed the numbers of GeneRIFs produced in the first year of GeneRIF production. 27,645 GeneRIFs were produced, pertaining to 9126 loci over eight model organisms. 60% of these were associated with human genes and 27% with mouse genes. About 80% discuss genes with an established MeSH Heading or other MeSH term. We developed a prototype functional alerting system for researchers based on the GeneRIFs, and a strategy to find all of the literature related to genes. We conclude that the Gene Indexing initiative adds considerable value to the life sciences research community.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed2002

Problems with indexing and citation of articles with group authorship.

CONTEXT: It is not known whether articles with group authorship (ie, with a research group name listed as the author) are difficult to identify or whether use of group authorship may lead to problems with citation. METHODS: To examine ways in which reports of controlled trials with group authorship are indexed and citations counted in bibliographic databases, we conducted a cross-sectional study in January 2000. We identified 47 controlled trials funded by the National Eye Institute and 285 associated articles. Between January and August 2000, we searched PubMed and Science Citation Index (SCI) and recorded the citation practices for these articles. Our main outcome measures were ways in which trial reports were listed in PubMed and SCI and number of citations to each report by type of authorship. RESULTS: Of the 285 published reports identified, 126 (44%) had group authorship, 109 (38%) had modified group authorship (listing individual names plus the name of the research group), and 50 (18%) had named authors only. In PubMed, no group authors were listed in the author field (per MEDLINE rules); in SCI, group-authored reports generally were incorrectly attributed (first name on investigator list [35.3%], first name on writing committee [25.5%], contact name [16.7%], anonymous [16.7%], and other [5.9%]). Using the SCI general search, we identified citations to 16.7% of group-authored reports, compared with citations to 96.9% of reports with modified group authorship and 93.9% of citations to reports with named authors only. Other systematic search methods found that more than 98% of group-authored reports actually had been cited and that group-authored reports were cited more than other reports. CONCLUSIONS: Indexing systems are not optimally adapted to group authorship. We recommend that indexing services change their practices to include group authors in the author field to help correct the problem.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Computer-assisted dynamic integration of multiple medical thesauruses.

We have previously described a user-interactive rule-based computer program (Dyna-SaurI) designed for dynamic thesaurus integration, and demonstrated its efficacy on integrating dermatological subsets of the MeSH and SNOMED thesauruses. In the present study, we have refined our rules for merging and mapping multiple thesauruses and tested these rules. We then applied them with a set of optimized parameters to the integration of a third thesaurus, a subset of the International Coding Index for Dermatology, with the Integrated MeSH-SNOMED thesaurus. The parameter changes resulted in improved ranking of more specific and conceptually closer terms.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed2004

Retrieval for color artistry concepts.

This paper presents a work on the retrieval of artworks for color artistry concepts. First we affirm the view that the Query-by-Example paradigm fundamental to the current content-based retrieval systems is able to extend only limited usefulness. We then propose a concept-based retrieval engine based on the generative grammar of elemental concepts methodology. In the latter, the language by which color artistry concepts are communicated in artworks is used to operate semantic searches. The color artistry language is explicated into elemental concepts and the associated generative grammar. The elemental concepts are used to index the artworks, while the generative grammar is used to facilitate post-coordinate expression of color artistry concept queries by using the elemental concepts.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1993

Run for your money.

The DoH's efficiency index is criticised for being crude, biased and inaccurate. John Appleby, Trevor Sheldon and Aileen Clarke discuss NAHAT's consultation and suggest some improvements.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1989

Occupational adjustment of the prospective payment system wage index.

In this article, the bias in the Medicare prospective payment system (PPS) hospital wage index that results from its failure to hold hospital occupation mix constant is examined. On average, the difference between the current PPS wage index and a fixed-occupation-mix Laspeyres index is small, approximately 2 percent. However, occupation-mix distortions are substantially larger for a small proportion of labor market areas, especially some in the South. Biases in the wage index resulting from its failure to appropriately account for labor substitution and intra-occupational worker characteristics are also analyzed but are not found to be significant.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1999

Mapping the literature of diagnostic medical sonography.

Diagnostic medical sonography has been evolving as a recognized allied health occupation since the early 1970s, but no bibliometric studies of the literature of the field have been published. This study, part of the Medical Library Association Nursing and Allied Health Resources Section's Project for Mapping the Literature of Allied Health, attempted to identify the core journals in diagnostic medical sonography and determine how well these journals are indexed by MEDLINE, EMBASE/Excerpta Medica, and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL). Citation analysis was done using the three journals listed for the field by the Brandon/Hill list. Characteristics of two of these three journals affected the results to the extent that more data should be gathered to reach conclusions about the literature of diagnostic medical sonography as a whole. Results of the analysis do suggest that the literature of echocardiography, which is a special area of diagnostic medical sonography, is indexed much more completely by MEDLINE and EMBASE/Excerpta Medica than by CINAHL. Suggestions are made for librarians making collection development decisions in this area of allied health.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed2003

Indexing anatomical concepts to OMIM Clinical Synopsis using the UMLS Metathesaurus.

As a first step toward the quantitative comparison of clinical features of diseases, we indexed the text descriptions in the Clinical Synopsis section of the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) with concepts for the body parts, organs, and tissues contained in the Metathesaurus of the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS). We also indexed the text with the diseases and disorders having links to body parts specified in the thesaurus. The vocabulary size was approximately 177,540 representations for 81,435 concepts, and 2,161 concepts were indexed to 3,779 OMIM entries. The indexed concepts included 134 concepts for the noun forms of anatomical concepts and 985 indexed concepts for diseases and disorders that were linked to 132 and 408 anatomical concepts, respectively. We report herein that the retrieval of OMIM entries for diseases affecting specific organs can be made more comprehensive through the anatomical concepts indexed to the Clinical Synopsis or linked to the indexed concepts, as compared to simply matching organ names to the Clinical Synopsis text. The recall and precision of identifying relevant body parts in the Clinical Synopsis were calculated as 78% and 92.5%, respectively, based on random sampling. The examination of the unidentified body parts due to lack of indexed diseases and disorders showed that although most of the concepts for diseases and disorders were contained in the Metathesaurus, their relations to body parts were not. The indexing result proved the effectiveness of the Metathesaurus as a resource for the identification of concepts indicating body parts, diseases, and disorders.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed2004

Application of a Medical Text Indexer to an online dermatology atlas.

Clinical dermatology cases are presented as images and semi-structured text describing skin lesions and their relationships to disease. Metadata assignment to such cases is hampered by lack of a standardized dermatology vocabulary and facilitated methods for indexing legacy collections. In this pilot study descriptive clinical text from Dermatlas, a Web-based repository of dermatology cases, was indexed to Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms using the National Library of Medicine's Medical Text Indexer (MTI). The MTI is an automated text processing system that derives ranked lists of MeSH terms to describe the content of medical journal citations using knowledge from the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) and from MEDLINE. For a representative, random sample of 50 Dermatlas cases, the MTI frequently derived MeSH indexing terms that matched expert-assigned terms for Diagnoses (88%), Lesion Types (72%), and Patient Characteristics (Gender and Age Groups, 62% and 84% respectively). This pilot demonstrates the potential for extending the MTI to automate indexing of clinical case presentations and for using MeSH to describe aspects of clinical dermatology.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1985

Regional hospital pharmacy information index.

An index system was developed that provides participating hospitals with an up-to-date list of regionally available written materials used in hospital pharmacy practice. Eight acute-care hospitals agreed to participate in developing the index to avoid duplication of effort in producing original materials. A regional drug information center agreed to maintain the index and serve as the central repository for the materials. Newsletters and bulletins were given high priority for coverage by the system, followed by drug monographs and directed studies and residency projects. A three-year back-index period was set for most categories to ensure that the index was current. Only active entries were listed for investigational drug lists, i.v. drug administration monographs, and extemporaneously compounded drug products. Other categories were drug administration policies, unusual drug information requests, and patient-oriented drug information. The representatives provided the relevant materials from their institutions, and it was categorized and indexed. The index was entered on a word processor, which permits efficient updating. The index has been useful to the participating hospital pharmacy departments. As the system is tested through use, it will be evaluated formally and refined.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1980

Geographic wage indexing for CETA and Medicare.

The tailoring of grants-in-aid to wage levels in the localities which receive them enjoys growing popularity among Federal policymakers; two ongoing programs illustrate the flexibility of this technique.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed2006

A MEDLINE categorization algorithm.

BACKGROUND: Categorization is designed to enhance resource description by organizing content description so as to enable the reader to grasp quickly and easily what are the main topics discussed in it. The objective of this work is to propose a categorization algorithm to classify a set of scientific articles indexed with the MeSH thesaurus, and in particular those of the MEDLINE bibliographic database. In a large bibliographic database such as MEDLINE, finding materials of particular interest to a specialty group, or relevant to a particular audience, can be difficult. The categorization refines the retrieval of indexed material. In the CISMeF terminology, metaterms can be considered as super-concepts. They were primarily conceived to improve recall in the CISMeF quality-controlled health gateway. METHODS: The MEDLINE categorization algorithm (MCA) is based on semantic links existing between MeSH terms and metaterms on the one hand and between MeSH subheadings and metaterms on the other hand. These links are used to automatically infer a list of metaterms from any MeSH term/subheading indexing. Medical librarians manually select the semantic links. RESULTS: The MEDLINE categorization algorithm lists the medical specialties relevant to a MEDLINE file by decreasing order of their importance. The MEDLINE categorization algorithm is available on a Web site. It can run on any MEDLINE file in a batch mode. As an example, the top 3 medical specialties for the set of 60 articles published in BioMed Central Medical Informatics & Decision Making, which are currently indexed in MEDLINE are: information science, organization and administration and medical informatics. CONCLUSION: We have presented a MEDLINE categorization algorithm in order to classify the medical specialties addressed in any MEDLINE file in the form of a ranked list of relevant specialties. The categorization method introduced in this paper is based on the manual indexing of resources with MeSH (terms/subheadings) pairs by NLM indexers. This algorithm may be used as a new bibliometric tool.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1999

[Use of citation indexes and impact factors].

Article deals with evaluation method of scientific works by means of Citation Indexes and Impact Factor which are produced by Institute for Scientific Information of Philadelphia. It criticize criteria of the usage of Impact factor and way of research workers evaluation.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1999

[Use of citation indexes and impact factors].

Article deals with evaluation method of scientific works by means of Citation Indexes and Impact Factor which are produced by Institute for Scientific Information of Philadelphia. It criticizes criteria of the usage of Impact factor and way of research workers evaluation.

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