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At least 775 records · Page 43Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Comparison of single plasma sample methods and prediction of dual plasma sample method in measurement of 99mTc-Diethylene Triamine Pentaacetic Acid plasma clearance].

OBJECTIVE: To find an applicable condition of the single-plasma-sample method (SPSM) to measure the glomerular filtration(GFR) with (99m)Tcj Diethylene Triamine Pentaacetic Acid ((99m)Tc-DTPA), and predict the value of (99m)Tc-DTPA plasma clearance by dual plasma sample method (DPSM ) from that by SPSM. METHODS: Three hundred and thirty five patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) were selected (192 males and 143 females). The average age was 51.91+/-14.76 years. The GFR was determined simultaneously by 2 methods: (1) SPSM (sGFR); (2) DPSM (tGFR), using DPSM as reference standard, sGFR calculated from the different SPSM was compared with tGFR. An equation was developed to predict tGFR from sGFR. GFR estimated by abbreviated Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) equation (aGFR) was evaluated as the criterion in selection of DPSM and SPSM. The condition that DPSM could be substituted by SPSM in GFR measurement was given. RESULTS: When tGFR >or= 30 mL/(minx1.73 m(2)), all of the sGFR were significantly correlated with tGFR. Among them, Watson modified Christensen and Groth's equation at sample time=240 min tended to be the most accurate (r=0.977, RMSE=10.91), and tGFR could be predicted from sGFR using the equation: Predicted tGFR [mL/(minx1.73 m(2))]=7.755 4+0.789 3xsGFR+0.002 4 xsGFR2 (n=297, r2=0.959 1, P<0.001). When aGFR was less than 50 mL/(minx1.73 m(2)), the diagnostic sensitivity of tGFR<30 mL/(minx1.73 m(2)) was 94.7%, and recommended as the criterion in selection of DPSM and SPSM. CONCLUSION: When aGFR >or=50 mL/(minx1.73 m(2)), DPSM can be substituted by SPSM in GFR measurement.

Algorithms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of the compact dry YM with the FDA BAM method for enumeration of yeasts and molds in fruit-based products. Performance-Tested Method 100401.

Compact Dry YM is a ready-to-use test method for the enumeration of yeasts and molds in fruit-based products. The plates are presterilized and contain nonwoven incorporated nutrients supplemented with antibiotics and a chromogenic enzyme substrate, 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl phosphate, p-toluidine salt (X-phos), to facilitate counting dyes, and a cold water-soluble gelling agent. The medium should be rehydrated with 1 mL of diluted sample inoculated onto the center of the self-diffusible medium, allowing the solution to diffuse immediately by capillary action. The plate can be incubated at 25 degrees C for 7 days. The Compact Dry YM medium plates were validated as an analysis tool determining colony forming units of yeasts and molds from a variety of fruit-based products using 5 different fruit products. The performance tests were conducted at 25 degrees C. In all studies performed, no apparent differences were observed between the Compact Dry YM method and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's Bacteriological Analytical Manual (FDA BAM) method results (P > 0.05). For the accuracy claim (n = 75), a correlation factor of r2 = 0.99 could be assigned, as stated in the application for Performance-Tested Method.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed2006

[Discussion on reinforcing-reducing method by lifting and thrusting the needle and slow-rapid reinforcing-reducing method from the point of view of energy].

OBJECTIVE: To resolve the contradictory in expounding of reinforcing and reducing by lifting and thrustion the needle and slow-rapid reinforcing and reducing method. METHODS: In a certain condition,the relationship between the external force (the joint force of both the pressing on the force pressing on the needle and the force arresting the needle's moving) and the speed of needle's moving is deduced by means of kinetic energy theorem, so, when the needle is heavily thrust or lifted, the speed of its moving will be increased. CONCLUSION: In the reinforcing and reducing method by lifting and thrusting the needle, "heavily"and "gently" of heavily thrustiing and gently lifting or gently thrusting and heavily lifting should be considered as differences of the amplitudes of lifting and thrusting the needle; "slow-rapid" of slow-rapid reinforcing and reducing method should be considered as difference of the speeds.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMed1991

[Systematization of types and methods of radiotherapy, methods and methodology of irradiating patients].

The paper is concerned with the principles of systematization and classification of radiation therapy, approaches to the regulation of its terminology. They are based on the distinction of the concepts of radiation therapy and irradiation of patients. The author gives a concise historical review of improvement of the methodology of radiation therapy in the course of developing of its methods and facilities. Problems of terminology are under discussion. There is a table of types and methods of radiation therapy, methods and techniques of irradiation. In the appendices one can find a table of typical legends and examples of graphic signs to denote methods of irradiation. Potentialities of a practical use of the system are described.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

[Latex immunologic methods of determining micro-molecular proteins and albumins in urine. Part I. Description of the method].

The most frequent markers of early kidney dysfunction include determination of micromolecular proteins, such as beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2M), retinol-binding protein (RBP) and albumins (Alb), in urine. The determination of those proteins in urine is carried out by means of immunological methods. The latex-immunological methods (LIA), allowing to avoid the use of radioisotopes and relatively cheap one as compared with ready-made proprietary kits, may prove to be particularly useful in Polish laboratories. The LIA method in routine tests of protein content in urine was practically assessed. Reproducibility of the method was verified under the conditions of international quality control.

Albuminuria↗
PubMed1990

[Lung water changes after the intratracheal infusion of bile acid in dogs--a new method for its measurement by the double indicator dilution method using heat and sodium ions].

We evaluated a double indicator dilution method of lung water for studying the effect of intratracheally infused bile acids on the respiratory system in anesthetized dogs. Deoxycholic acid and taurodeoxycholic acid were diluted to 1% or 10% with normal saline solution, and 1 ml.kg-1 was infused into the trachea through an endotracheal tube under controlled ventilation with air. The lung water volumes determined by the thermo-saline method correlated with those obtained by gravimetry at sacrifice. In real-time recording obtained by the thermo-saline method, the lung water volumes increased following injection of bile acid, and the increase varied with the bile acids and its concentration. With 10% diluted deoxycholic acid, lung water volume increased linearly to 28.9 +/- 3.5 ml.kg-1 after 1 hour. With 10% diluted taurodeoxycholic acid and 1% diluted deoxycholic acid, lung water volume increased rapidly until 3 hours and then slowly to 22.3 +/- 0.9 ml.kg-1 and 21.4 +/- 3.5 ml.kg-1 after 6 hours. With 1% diluted taurodeoxycholic acid, the lung water volume increased slightly to 15.7 +/- 2.9 after 6 hours. The thermo-saline method is considered to be useful for clinical evaluation of pulmonary edema.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Usefulness of combining a immunological fecal occult blood test (latex method) with a chemical test (guaiac method)].

A combination tests, using the latex and guaiac methods, has been carried out in 123 patients with a gastrointestinal disease and in 38 controls. The latex method was positive in 8% of the 38 controls, in 84% of 32 colorectal carcinoma patients, in 42% of 24 colonic polyp patients, in 22% of 9 gastric carcinoma patients, and in 22% of gastric ulcer patients in an active phase of their illness, whereas the guaiac method was positive in 39%, 81%, 58%, 78%, and 89% in the same order, respectively. From the above, a combination of both methods was found useful for the screening of hemorrhage in the gastrointestinal tract.

Colonic Polyps↗
PubMed1990

[Microdensitometric method (MD method) of the second metacarpal bone].

In Japan, microdensitometric method of the second metacarpal bone was developed 9 years ago to determine the degree of bone atrophy. This noninvasive method has some disadvantages such as precision of measurement of bone on X-ray film and determination of appendicular cortical bone, but is able conveniently to measure the bone density of the whole Japanese. One of 7 parameters in MD method, sigma GS/D is most important to evaluate and to follow up the condition of atrophy of cortical bone. We should investigate further the scientific base of MD method, for available tools in treatment of osteoporosis.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1988

The 'tape-method': a new and simple method for quantitative culture of Pityrosporum yeasts.

A new method for quantitative culture of Pityrosporum yeasts, the 'tape-method', is presented. Samples for culture were taken from the skin by stripping with 1 cm2 of tape, whereafter the tapes were placed over a drop of sterile olive oil which was pipetted on a Sabouraud medium. Plates were incubated at 37 degrees C, and after 7 days the numbers of Pityrosporum colonies growing under the tapes were counted. With this method a difference in numbers of Pityrosporum colonies between seborrheic dermatitis and normal skin could be discerned. This difference was significant. It appeared that two successive strippings were sufficient for quantitative culture. The 'tape-method' appeared to be a reliable and inexpensive diagnostic tool.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

[Study on the physico-chemical properties of fluoride gel in application of freeze-drying gelatin gel method (tray method)].

As a means of studies of securing freeze-drying method by application of tray for prevention of white spots, decalcification and secondary caries of enamel, which may develop during and after orthodontic treatment, comparison and review were made on physico-chemical properties of fluoride gel to be used for gelatin gel method and freeze-drying gelatin gel method (control group gel and experimental group gel), and the following results were obtained: 1. Physical properties As the results of naked-eye observations, morphological observations through scanning electron microscope and measurements of gelly strength and viscosity, no distinct difference between control and experimental group gel was noted. 2. Chemical properties The qualitative analyses of fluoride ion with ion chromatogram and pH measurement were carried out, and consequently experimental group gel indicated similar values to control group gel. From the foregoing results, it was learned that no significant difference in their physico-chemical properties was clearly confirmed between control and experimental group gel, and it was suggested that similarly to control group gel, experimental group gel would be an effective gel substance as gel media for the formation process of fluorapatite or the reinforcement method of tooth enamel.

Fluorides, Topical↗
PubMed1989

[Imaging methods in breast diagnosis--value and choice of methods in general practice].

X-ray mammography continues to represent the most efficient imaging method for the diagnosis of breast disease and ultimately reduce mortality from breast cancer. Ultrasound is the most valuable supplementary method and is particularly useful to differentiate cystic from solid lesions. Today it is used mostly in the dense breast, as e.g. in young patients. All other imaging methods as thermography, diaphanoscopy, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging have not gained any importance and are particularly not useful for screening a large number of patients. In this paper all these imaging methods and our personal experience with them are briefly discussed. The importance of implementing mammographic screening programs to detect breast cancer is stressed, particularly considering the high incidence of breast cancer in all industrialized countries.

Breast↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Simple and rapid heterologous method of radioimmunochemical determination of luteinizing hormone in the blood serum of rats. 1. Basic principles of the method].

Possibilities of creation of a radioimmunochemical method (RICM) of determination of the luteinising hormone (LH) were studied. The method is based on the application in the binding system of a water-insoluble immunosorbent obtained by copolymerization of antisera with isobutyl ester of chlorocarbonic acid. The antisera were obtained by immunization of rabbits with a highly-purified LH isolated from sheep hypophyses. The method is rapid and precise, and is carried out in a single stage. Significant results of RICM in the LH determination can be obtained with the minimal two-hour incubation time. Using different amounts of the immunosorbent in the reaction mixture with the same indicator dose of I125-LH it is possible to vary the method sensitivity (from 0.05 to 5 ng/test).

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Measurement of cerebral blood flow with hydrogen clearance method: technique and a comparative study with the venous out flow method (author's transl)].

Local cerebral blood flow was measured with hydrogen clearance method in fifteen dogs and compared to direct measurement obtained by Michenfelder's venous out flow method. The sagittal sinus was exposed by a midline frontooccipital incision and extensive craniectomy. A tappered catheter was passed in to the superior sagittal. sinus. For measuring hydrogen clearance, platinum wire electrodes with a red tip of 0.5 mm in length and 0.3 mm in diameter were introduced into the parietal and occipital cortex. About ten percent hydrogen gas was given directly into the endotracheal tube for three to five minutes and the obtained clearance curves were transferred to semilog graph papers. Total cerebral blood flow was caliculated by bicompartmental analysis and compared to the two minutes initial slop index. The results are as follows. 1) A linear regression analysis of flows caliculated from the initial slope and bicompartmental analysis shows a high correlation coefficient. 2) There is a high correlation between flows caliculated from electrodes used at the same experiments. 3) Cerebral blood flow from the initial slope measured by hydrogen clearance method shows a high correlation wit flows caliculated from Michenfelder's venous out flow method.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Peeling of sorghum by a dry method: continuous and discontinuous methods].

A study was carried out wherein two dry dehulling sorghum grain methods, the continuous and discontinuous types, were quantitatively compared in a laboratory abrasive dehulling device. Reflectance values, expressed as dehulling percentage, the percentage of kernels removed, and of kernel cracking were evaluated. Graphs of the dehulled and removed percentages as function of the contrast time for each method, revealed that the continuous process was the most efficient of both procedures. Analysis of the broken kernels indicated a similar behavior for both methods. The macrocomponent and tannin variations as dehulling advanced, as well as the reflectance values were determined with the continuous method. Findings showed that the greater proportion of tannin, fiber and ashes has been removed at the 85% extraction rate. Thus, abrasion of grains above the 65% extraction rate is not convenient, since an excessive loss of nutrients is produced without any important decrease in polyphenolic pigments and of those imparting color to the sorghum grain milling products.

Edible Grain↗
PubMed1985

Comparative evaluation of a commercial microdilution method and a conventional disk diffusion method for determination of antibiograms of gram-positive cocci.

A commercial broth microdilution system for testing the antimicrobial susceptibility of gram-positive cocci was compared with the standardized disk agar-diffusion method by testing 254 clinical strains of staphylococci and streptococci using both methods. A total of 2,794 parallel determinations were made with 92.3% complete agreement between the 2 methods; of the discrepancies encountered, 3.0% were minor, 2.5% were major, and 2.1% were very major. The results indicate that the commercial microdilution system may provide a reliable quantitative method for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of clinical isolates from animals.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1979

Charcoal column/thin layer chromatographic method for high fructose corn sirup and spectrophotometric method for hydroxymethylfurfural in honey: collaborative studies.

A new spectrophotometric method is described for determining hydroxymethylfurfural in honey in which interfering background absorption of honey is corrected for by use of a bisulfite-treated sample as blank. Two procedures for detecting high-fructose corn sirup (HFCS) in honey were also tested. In one, charcoal column pretreatment is used to concentrate trace oligosaccharides, followed by thin layer chromatography to differentiate those of HFCS from those of honey. The other method depends on measurement of the isomaltose/maltose ratio by gas-liquid chromatography. The charcoal/thin layer chromatographic method for HFCS has been adopted official first action. The bisulfite method for hydroxymethylfurfural has been adopted interim first action.

Charcoal↗
PubMed1977

[Diagnostic value of serological methods and of the allergy method in studying pullorum disease-fowl typhoid in poultry].

It was established that the positive allergy reaction was best expressed at the forty-eighth hour following the introduction of the allergen. The diagnostic value of the allergy reaction was not shown to surpass that of the serum agglutination reaction. It proved to be close to the value of the other serologic methods of examination (the whole-serum and whole-blood agglutination tests). The allergy method of investigation could be used as a tentative method, resp., reaction test for the detection of infected foci, however, the complete recovery of the infected poultry farms could be achieved with the use of the serologic methods of investigation. The latter could be applied at intervals of 10 to 20 days to detect the carriers of infection.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1984

[Comparative study of 2 assay methods for serum isoniazid in 413 patients: microbiological method and high performance liquid chromatography].

Serum INH was assayed by 2 techniques over 4 years in 413 patients following the administration of a single test dose of 300 mg of isoniazid. The microbiological method measures the inhibitory activity of the serum on the growth of mycobacteria. The pharmacological method consists of high performance liquid chromatography with ultra-violet detection (HPLC). The mean difference in the assays performed by the 2 methods in each subject was 0.061 mcg/ml and the global correlation between the 2 assays was 0.76. Liquid chromatography also allows the simultaneous assay of acetyl INH. Thirty-three per cent of the subjects who received a test dose of 300 mg of INH had a serum INH concentration of between 1 and 2 mcg/ml at the third hour. This study therefore confirms the usefulness of a pre-treatment assay of INH and the good correlation of the results obtained with the 2 methods.

Adult↗