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At least 775 records · Page 43Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Effect of nitrendipine, diltiazem, trifluoperazine and pimozide on serotonin2 (5-HT2) receptor activation in the rat uterus and jugular vein.

The present study explored the calcium source used in serotonin (5-HT)-induced contractions mediated by 5-HT2 receptor activation in the rat uterus and jugular vein in vitro. In the rat uterus, the calcium channel antagonists, nitrendipine and diltiazem, and the neuroleptic agents, trifluoperazine (TFP) and pimozide, antagonized potently and noncompetitively 5-HT-induced contractions. These data are compatible with the contention that 5-HT-induced contractions in uterine smooth muscle require extracellular sources of calcium. In contrast, neither diltiazem nor nitrendipine inhibited the contractile response to 5-HT in the rat jugular vein although 5-HT-induced contractions in the jugular vein required the presence of extracellular calcium. This difference in sensitivity to calcium channel antagonists between the uterus and jugular vein was not related to differences in the receptor occupancy-response curves for 5-HT as these were similar in the rat uterus and jugular vein. Furthermore, in the jugular vein, neither diltiazem nor nitrendipine were markedly effective in blocking contractions produced by potassium chloride, an agent that activates voltage-dependent calcium channels, suggesting that this tissue lacks calcium channels susceptible to blockade by conventional calcium channel antagonists. Although responses to 5-HT in the jugular vein were only affected marginally by calcium channel antagonists, TFP and pimozide produced concentration-dependent rightward parallel shifts of 5-HT-induced contractions in the jugular vein. Furthermore, both TFP and pimozide showed high affinity at 5-HT2 binding sites in rat brain cortical membranes and the apparent dissociation constant at 5-HT2 receptors in the jugular vein was 38 and 31 nM, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Vaginal hysterectomy of the non-prolapsed uterus. Toward rehabilitation].

The main steps to be carried out in the operation of vaginal hysterectomy when the uterus is not prolapsed are overall the same as when vaginal hysterectomy is carried out for prolapse: separation of the bladder from the uterus, opening of the Pouch of Douglas, dividing the utero-sacral ligaments, opening the vesico-uterine pouch, dividing the cardinal ligaments, delivering the fundus of the uterus, freeing the uterine cornua and reperitonealisation. All the same, for each step there are numerous different details to be carried out. Careful attention to all these modifications make it easier to remove a non mobile uterus or one that is markedly enlarged. When the definite advantages of this technique, which is unfortunately insufficiently practised in France, are understood it is the operation of choice rather than the abdominal approach whenever a vaginal approach is possible, which it is in the large majority of cases.

Female↗
PubMed1986

[Primary-multiple malignant tumors of the colon, uterus and breast].

A study of 94 case histories of primary multiple tumors of the large bowel, uterus and breast showed relative risk of development of uterine body cancer in patients with colonic cancer to be 37 times that for a general population of healthy females over 40 years of age. Post-treatment risk of breast cancer in cases of large bowel cancer increases 17-fold, uterine body--15-fold and cervix uteri--10-fold. Risk for large bowel cancer increases 179-fold in patients treated for uterine body tumors. On the whole, it serves as a confirmation of a possible role of endocrine-metabolic disorders played in the pathogenesis of primary multiple tumors of the large bowel and uterus. Radiation is the key factor of induction of rectal and rectosigmoidal tumors as a result of radiotherapy for cancer of the uterus. The results of the study make the case for timely diagnosis of primary multiple tumors of the large bowel, uterus and breast and adequate follow-up, no matter at what site the first tumor was found.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[The influence of individual and total lifted objects on the equilibrium of the uterus].

Analysed were the dependencies between the single and total weight of lifted objects and disturbed equilibrium of working women's uterus. The examined population covered 167 women working in standing position, lifting objects of different single and total mass during their workday. The analysis involved: workers' age, type of menstruation, childbirth, urine incontinence and equilibrium of the uterus and vagina. The percentage of women with the descent of uterus and vagina, uterus displacement and effort urine incontinence was found to increase with age, length of employment and number of deliveries, particularly high percentage being the one relating to women lifting, just once, heavy objects. No correlation was found between the incidence rate of the health disturbances and the total weight of the objects lifted during the workday.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Papillary adenofibroma of the uterus: fact or fancy? (author's transl)]].

This report deals with the morphological findings in the uterus of a 40 yrs old premenopausal woman, who complained of vaginal bleedings. Macroscopical and microscopical examinations revealed a hernia-like prolaps of a part of the wall of the tuba uterina across a hole in the myometrium of the fundus uteri. Vellios et al. (1973) describe a similar lesion but without paying attention to the prolaps of the tuba uterina into the cavum uteri. They interpretate the lesion as a papillary adenofibroma of the uterus and believe it to be the benign counterpart of the mixed mesodermal tumor of Müllerian duct origin. Based upon our histological findings we believe in a dysontogenetic or traumatic etiology of this rare lesion. The diagnosis of a papillary adenofibroma of the uterus therefore should only be made when the uterus and the adnexa in toto are available for histological examinations.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1982

Effect of aminoglycoside antibiotics on the contractility of the uterus.

In the present study the inhibitory effect of five aminoglycoside antibiotics on the contractility of rat uterus was investigated. We found that all the antibiotics tested inhibited the contractility of the isolated rat uterus and only quantitative differences existed among them. The inhibitory potency of the aminoglycoside antibiotics appears to be as follows: sisomicin greater than gentamicin greater than tobramycin greater than dibekacin greater than amikacin. Calcium not only has the ability to restore the normal contractility of the uterus but also to exert protective action against the inhibitory effect of aminoglycoside antibiotics on the uterus contractility.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1995

[Obstetrical prognosis of the post-cesarean uterus. 641 cases].

OBJECTIVES: A retrospective study of decisions made in a gynaecology department between January 1990 and December 1993 were analyzed in order to assess management of the post-cesarean uterus. METHOD: Among 9092 women who delivered in the department during the study period, there were 641 patients with a post-cesarean uterus, due to a single prior cesarean section in 451. Results were analyzed and compared with those reported in the literature. RESULTS: Among the 451 patients with a single scar, 184 (41%) delivered by elective cesarean section and in 267 (59%) a decision was made during labour. In this group of 267 patients with a single cicatrix who underwent a labour tests, 227 (85%) had a vaginal delivery compared with 40 (15%) in which the decision for cesarean section was made during labour. CONCLUSION: The results observed were comparable with those found in the literature. Management of pregnancy with post-cesarean uterus is now quite similar to that of a normal uterus. Epidural anaesthesia and ocytotin therapy as well as epidural labour triggering have had an important effect.

Extraction, Obstetrical↗
PubMed1995

Biogenetic amines in placental tissue. Relation to the contractile activity of the human uterus. Preliminary communication.

OBJECT: To examine the distribution of mast cells in human placental tissue and to analyse the interactions between mast cell mediators (histamine and serotonin (5-HT)) and contractile activity of the uterus during delivery. DESIGN: 34 placentas were examined. Histamine and serotonin levels in placental samples were estimated using fluorymetric method. Distribution of mast cells were analysed immunohistochemically on the same material. SETTING: Dept. of Pathophysiology, Medical Academy, Warsaw, Poland. (*) Laboratory of Developmental Neuropathology Centre of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw. (**) Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Medical Faculty, Medical Academy, Warsaw. SUBJECTS: 34 women, whose pregnancies ended in time and in preterm delivery, with normal, abnormal or without contractile activity of the uterus (elective cesarean section). MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Comparative charts of histamine levels in placental samples in relation to term and course of the labour. RESULTS: Concentration of histamine in placental cuts obtained from maternal surface of the placenta was significantly higher in the case of delivery without contractile activity of the uterus (elective cesarean section). Immunohistochemical identification of mast cells proved, that in regions located close to fetal surface of the placenta and in connective tissue foci, mast cells were most numerous. CONCLUSIONS: It is postulated that the simultaneous release of mast cell mediators (especially histamine) in placental tissue could be an important factor for evoking contractile activity of the human uterus, initiating labour. Further investigations should give answers on the points of these dependences.

Female↗
PubMed1996

Percutaneous access to the uterus for fetal surgery.

In utero repair of selected life-threatening malformations in the human fetus is now a clinical reality, yet fetal surgery continues to pose significant risks to both the mother and the unborn child. Preterm labor is a major problem directly related to the large uterine incision required for fetal exposure. Using technology developed for laparoscopic surgery, we have devised instruments and techniques to perform fetal endoscopic surgery. We now report a percutaneous technique for direct endoscopic access to the uterus. Minimally invasive fetoscopic surgery may expand the indications for fetal surgery by decreasing fetal risks, facilitating intervention earlier in gestation, and reducing preterm labor. This technique was developed in 4 fetal lambs who underwent endoscopic intervention at 105-110 days gestation (term = 145 days). Under ultrasound guidance, a 20-gauge spinal needle was advanced through the maternal abdomen, uterus, and directly into the amniotic cavity. Warmed saline was infused through the needle to expand the amniotic cavity. Next, a 5-mm balloon-tipped trocar was placed percutaneously with ultrasound guidance into the amniotic cavity. A 5-mm laparoscope was introduced and under endoamniotic vision two more 5-mm trocars were percutaneously placed. In all four sheep a 5-mm trocar was placed percutaneously into the gravid uterus. The most difficult step was puncturing through the amniotic membranes, but the sharp tip of the trocar facilitated getting into the amniotic cavity. Excellent visualization of the fetus was obtained with minimal uterine trauma. We have developed a fetoscopic technique in sheep for percutaneous placement of trocars into the uterus using ultrasound guidance. This approach allowed excellent visualization of the fetus with significantly less uterine trauma than open fetal surgery and is an essential prerequisite for future fetal endoscopic interventions.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Hemangioma of the uterus associated with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia.

BACKGROUND: Hemangiomas of the uterus are rare. Involvement of the uterus with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia causing menorrhagia is also rare. To our knowledge, only one case of combined uterine hemangioma and hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia has ever been reported. CASE: A 34-year-old woman was to undergo hysterectomy for menorrhagia unresponsive to treatment. Before surgery, she was found to have typical telangiectases associated with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia. The fundus of the uterus contained a hemangioma extending from the serosa to the endometrium. CONCLUSION: Vascular malformation have been found in various organs in individuals with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia. Although involvement of the uterus in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia is uncommon, telangiectasia should be considered in any patient with menorrhagia resistant to treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Spontaneous rupture of a primigravid uterus secondary to placenta percreta. A case report.

BACKGROUND: Uterine rupture secondary to placenta percreta has been observed in multiparous patients. These cases are typically associated with a prior history of uterine trauma or infection: hysterotomy, myomectomy, cornual resection, dilatation and curettage, manual removal of the placenta or endometritis. Spontaneous rupture of the primigravid uterus without a history of trauma or infection is an exceedingly rare occurrence. This case represents the second reported in the medical literature and the first to result in a live-born infant. CASE: A 23-year-old, African American primigravida at 26 weeks' gestation presented with acute-onset abdominal pain, severe hypotension, tachycardia and fetal heart rate decelerations. Blood product replacement was initiated, and an emergency laparotomy was performed for a presumptive diagnosis of intraabdominal hemorrhage. A significant hemoperitoneum was encountered, with the fetus floating freely in the peritoneal cavity. The uterus had a fundal rupture with a clinically apparent placenta percreta that necessitated performing a total abdominal hysterectomy. The patient recovered uneventfully, and the infant survived without significant morbidity. CONCLUSION: Spontaneous rupture of the primigravid uterus can occur in the absence of a history of uterine trauma or infection. If a gravid woman presents with hypotension, abdominal pain and fetal distress, the differential diagnosis should include rupture of the uterus, regardless of parity or gynecologic history. Rapid diagnosis, blood product replacement and emergency laparotomy are the key steps in successful management.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed1998

Reduced expression of calponin h1 in leiomyosarcoma of the uterus.

To determine the genetic differences between various smooth muscle tumors of the uterus, the expression of calponin h1 (cytoskeletal protein) was examined in normal myometrium and in smooth muscle tumors of the uterus (leiomyosarcoma, smooth muscle tumors of uncertain malignant potential, cellular leiomyoma, bizarre leiomyoma, and ordinary leiomyoma) using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Analysis of calponin h1 transcripts using the reverse-transcription-PCR was also performed. Immunohistochemically, calponin h1 was expressed in normal myometrium and in all leiomyomas; however, its expression was markedly weaker in leiomyosarcoma. The results of both Western blotting and the analysis of calponin h1 transcripts were compatible with the immunohistochemical results. It is suggested that reduced expression of calponin h1 is associated with leiomyosarcoma of the uterus, and that calponin h1 expression may serve as a valuable molecular maker in the differential diagnosis of smooth muscle tumors of the uterus.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[The sources of the adrenergic innervation of the rat uterus].

Complete disappearance of adrenergic fibers in the rat uterus is only possible after complete removal of ovaries along with ovarian plexus, transection of the uterus-vaginal connexion and removal of a portion of sympathetic nervous trunk. "Long" adrenergic neurons situated in spinal sympathetic ganglia, seem not to be the only source of sympathetic innervation of the myometrium's vessels. A part of nervous fibers of vascular plexuses and all muscle nerves are represented by "short" neurons starting from the ganglionic structures of the uterus-vaginal connexion.

Adrenergic Fibers↗
PubMed1997

Fate of hamster oviductin in the oviduct and uterus during early gestation.

Oviductins are a family of glycoproteins which are synthesized and secreted by oviductal secretory cells and which, upon their secretion in the lumen of the oviduct, become associated with postovulatory oocytes and developing embryos. Recently, we showed that hamster oviductin is maximally secreted in the oviduct at the time of ovulation and is later associated with a certain population of uterine epithelial cells, where it is subsequently endocytosed and degraded. In light of these results, this study was conducted to follow the fate of hamster oviductin in the oviduct and uterus during early gestation. Using a monoclonal antibody against hamster oviductin, immunofluorescence and immunogold labeling revealed that during early gestation, immunoreactivity to oviductin in the uterus gradually diminished to an almost total disappearance at time of implantation. However, the strong labeling intensity remained unchanged in the oviduct. Biochemical analyses demonstrated that a degradation of oviductin occurs in the uterus, and a loss of immunoreactivity was also observed as gestation progressed, so that by the time of implantation, immunoreactivity to oviductin was barely detectable. The decrease of oviductin along the uterine epithelium at the time of blastocyst attachment and its final disappearance at implantation suggest that this glycoprotein could be a potential modulator of uterine receptivity.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Cloning of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and its expression in the uterus during embryonic diapause and implantation in the mink (Mustela vison).

Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is essential for embryo implantation in mice. Whether LIF plays a role in termination of embryonic diapause and initiation of implantation in carnivores, especially in species with obligate delayed implantation such as the mink, is not known. The objectives of this study were to clone the LIF coding sequence in the mink and determine its mRNA abundance in the uterus through embryonic diapause, implantation, and early postimplantation. We show that the mink LIF cDNA contains 609 nt encoding a deduced protein of 203 amino acids. The homologies are 80.6, 90, 88.2, 87.6, and 86.8% in coding sequence and 79.2, 90.1, 91, 90.1 and 85.4% in amino acid sequence with mouse, human, pig, cow, and sheep respectively. Glycosylation sites and disulfide bonds present in other species are generally conserved in the mink LIF sequence. Quantitation by polymerase chain reaction amplification indicates that LIF mRNA is expressed in mink uterus just prior to implantation and during the first two days after implantation, but not during diapause or later after implantation pregnancy. The abundance of LIF mRNA was significantly higher in the uterus at the embryo expansion stage (P < 0.05) than at days 1-2 of postimplantation. By immunohistochemical localization it was shown that LIF is expressed in the uterine epithelial glands at time of embryonic expansion and in early postimplantation. The coincidence of LIF expression with implantation in this species suggests that LIF is involved in the implantation process, and may be a maternal signal which terminates obligate embryonic diapause.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1999

Expression of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-4, insulin-like growth factor-I receptor, and insulin-like growth factor-I in the mouse uterus throughout the estrous cycle.

Recent evidence suggests that a regulated insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system mediates the effects of estrogen, promoting the proliferation and differentiation of specific uterine cell types throughout the estrous cycle and during gestation in the rodent. Previous studies have shown that IGFs are differentially expressed in the mouse uterus during the periimplantation period. In the current study, we examined the expression of IGF binding protein-4 (IGFBP-4), IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR), and IGF-I in the mouse uterus throughout the estrous cycle. Ligand blot analysis was conducted on uterine homogenates using [125I]IGF-I. IGFBP-4 was detected in all uterine homogenates, varying in intensity throughout the estrous cycle. In situ hybridization studies at metestrus and diestrus demonstrated an intense IGFBP-4 mRNA signal in antimesometrial stromal cells between the luminal epithelium and the myometrium, but at proestrus and estrus, no IGFBP-4 signal was detected. No IGF-I mRNA was detected at any stage of the estrous cycle by in situ hybridization. However, by RT-PCR analysis, IGF-I mRNA was detected at all stages of the estrous cycle. RT-PCR analysis also showed IGF-IR mRNA throughout the estrous cycle. Using immunohistochemistry, IGF-IR immunostaining was detected throughout the estrous cycle and on days 2-7 of gestation, but was restricted to the glandular epithelium. These results suggest that uterine IGFBP-4 expression may not be dependent on uterine IGF-I expression. They also suggest that IGFBP-4 may play a role in uterine physiology independent of the inhibition of IGF-I action, and that IGF-IR is constitutively expressed in the mouse uterus.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Expression of matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases in the mouse uterus during the peri-implantation period.

The attachment of the blastocyst to the uterine luminal epithelium and the subsequent invasion by trophoblast cells through the stroma and deciduum occur in a highly regulated manner by remodeling of the extracellular matrix. We investigated the temporal and spatial expression of mRNAs for four matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs; MMP-2 [gelatinase A], MMP-3 [stromelysin 1], MMPs; MMP-2 [gelatinase B], and MMP-13 [collagenase 3]) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs; TIMP-1, TIMP-2, and TIMP-3) in the mouse uterus from days 1 to 8 of pregnancy. Northern blot analyses showed the transcripts for MMP-2, MMP-3, RNA on these days. However, MMP-13 mRNA was not detected in the uterus, and only weak signals for MMP-3 mRNA were detected in the myometrium. Striking expression was observed with MMP-2 mRNA in the subepithelial stroma on days 3-5. With the progression of decidualization on day 6, signals were primarily in the secondary decidual zone. On day 8, MMP-2 mRNA was localized at the site of placenta formation in the mesometrial pole. Signals for MMP-9 mRNA were first detected in a small population of stromal cells exclusively at the site of implantation on day 5 at the antimesometrial pole. However, the most pronounced expressed was noted in trophoblast giant cells on day 8. TIMP-1 mRNA was present in the myometrium on day 1. On days 2-5, modest signals were detected in the stroma, and on days 6 and 8, they were in the secondary decidual zone. Localization of TIMP-2 mRNA was similar to that of TIMP-1 except it was restricted to the stroma on day 1. The regulation of TIMP-3 was more pronounced. While a gradual increase in signals was observed in stromal cells from days 1 to 4, strong signals were detected in antimesometrial stromal cells at the sites of blastocyst attachment on day 5. On days 6 and 7, even stronger signals were present in the primary decidual zone surrounding the embryo, and on day 8 signals were localized primarily in the mesometrial decidual bed. These results suggest that MMP-2 may participate in the early phase of decidualization and neovascularization required for placentation. The restricted MMP-9 expression in stromal cells on day 5 and in trophoblast giant cells on day 8, coupled with the expression of TIMP-3 in the stroma surrounding the embryo, suggests that a fine balance between MMP-9 and TIMP-3 may regulate trophoblast invasion in the uterus.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Expression of Ly-6A/E in the mouse uterus during implantation period.

To investigate the molecular mechanisms of implantation, we constructed a complementary DNA library of mouse uterus enriched with pregnancy-induced genes by subtractive hybridization and polymerase chain reaction. One of the isolated clones was a part of complementary DNA for the Ly-6A/E. Ly-6A/E is reported to be differentially expressed on hematopoietic stem cells and some lymphoid and nonlymphoid tissues, mediate cell-cell adhesion on lymphoid cells, and associate with cell proliferation and angiogenesis of tumor cells. Northern blot, in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemical analyses demonstrated that the Ly-6A/E mRNA and protein were expressed in the endometrial epithelial cells as well as myometrial cells and vascular endothelial cells in the uterus of nonpregnant mouse. The expression was downregulated in luminal epithelial cells during pregnancy days 1-5, while it was upregulated in decidualized stromal cells around the implanted embryo at the time of implantation. The signals were primarily localized in stromal cells at the mesometrial pole on day 9. The increased expression was also observed in stromal cells of the embryo-transferred uterus and artificially-induced deciduoma, indicating that the expression of Ly-6A/E in the endometrial cells is concurrent with decidualization. These findings suggest that Ly-6A/E plays a role in embryo implantation.

Animals↗