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PubMed1984

Direct determination of the tissue-to-blood partition coefficient for Xenon in human subcutaneous adipose tissue.

The tissue-to-blood partition coefficient for Xenon (lambda Xe) in the subcutaneous tissue in the forefoot was determined by physical and chemical analysis. The difference between patients with normal circulation (n = 10) and serve ischaemia (n = 13) was insignificant; pooled mean: 7.42 +/- 1.57 ml x g-1. The lambda Xe in the forefoot was significantly lower than lambda Xe of the abdominal wall (lambda Xe - abd: 8.67 +/- 1.27 ml x g-1; P = 0.03). The influence of oedema on the local blood flow [in ml x (100 g x min)-1] and on the post-reconstructive hyperaemia (in ml x min-1) is discussed. It is concluded that local blood flow determinations, based on 133Xenon wash-out rates, in individual cases, are not possible. In subcutaneous tissue with low lipid contents, the ratio between the post- and preoperative wash-out rates tend to underestimate the post reconstructive hyperaemia. This is due to the volume increase of the subcutaneous tissue being larger than the decrease of the tissue-to-blood partition coefficient due to the oedema.

Adipose Tissue↗

PubMed1981

Melanin content of hamster tissues, human tissues, and various melanomas.

Melanin content (percentage by weight) was determined in both pigmented and nonpigmented tissues of Syrian golden hamsters bearing Greene melanoma. Melanin content was also measured in various other melanoma models (B-16 in C57 mice, Harding-Passey in BALB/c mice, and KHDD in C3H mice) and in nine human melanomas, as well as in selected normal tissues. The purpose was to evaluate the possible efficacy of chlorpromazine, which is known to bind to melanin, as a vehicle for boron transport in neutron capture therapy. Successful therapy would depend upon selective uptake and absolute concentration of borated compounds in tumors; these parameters will in turn depend upon melanin concentration in melanomas and nonpigmented "background" tissues. Hamster whole eyes, hamster melanomas, and other well-pigmented animal melanomas were found to contain 0.3 to 0.8% melanin by weight, whereas human melanomas varied from 0.1 to 0.9% (average, 0.35%). Other tissues, with the exception of skin, were lower in content by a factor of greater than or equal to 30. Melanin pigment was extracted from tissues, and the melanin content was determined spectrophotometrically. Measurements were found to be sensitive to the presence of other proteins. Previous procedures for isolating and quantifying melanin often neglected the importance of removing proteins and other interfering nonmelanic substances.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

[Anders Jahre-Award for young researchers 1993. Loose connective tissue and fluid balance. From static to dynamic tissue].

Rolf K Reed, recipient of the 1993 Anders Jahre Prize for younger medical researchers, describes some newer aspects of loose (areolar) connective tissue physiology and shows how research in recent years has changed our understanding of the involvement of these tissues in the regulation of fluid balance. There is a dynamic relationship between loose connective tissue and fluid balance, as a result of which the development of oedema is normally inhibited. However, certain inflammatory reactions are accompanied by changes in the activity of these tissues which then "absorb" fluid from the capillaries. This feature seems to be partly related to hyaluronidase+, the metabolism of which is also dependent on connective tissue fluid balance.

Awards and Prizes↗

PubMed1993

[Course of tissue acidosis, lactic acid production and morphologic changes in testicular tissue during ischemia. Effect of hypothermic measures].

More than 90% of patients with testicular torsion lose their testis, either because orchiectomy is necessary or because ischaemic atrophy develops. The critical time before irreversible changes to the testis have taken place is, according to literature, 4-6 h. The aim of our study was to measure the tissue acidification (pH) in the testis at different temperatures and to estimate the effect of cooling on pH, lactate accumulation and morphological changes. In 36 human testes (obtained by orchiectomy in patients with metastatic prostate cancer) we measured the tissue acidification (pH), the tissue lactate level and the morphological changes at temperatures of 35, 25, 15 and 5 degrees C. We also measured the same parameters in 12 testes taken from young dogs. At the normal testicular temperature of about 35 degrees C the pH falls to 6.0 within 1 h of ischaemia. Cooling to 15 degrees C can extend this time to 6 h. The tissue lactate level rises from 25 mumol/gdw to nearly 200 mumol/gdw at 35 degrees C. The morphology of semithin sections of the testis shows swelling of the intratubular tissue (spermatogenesis) with loss of the interstitial space. Reducing temperature can also slow-down these changes. The critical pH value of the testis beyond which irreversible changes take place is not known; a pH of less than 6.0 is thought to be the probable threshold.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗

PubMed1996

Combined vascular reconstruction and adjunctive tissue transfer in the treatment of infected arterial prostheses and tissue defects.

One of the most serious complications in vascular surgery is infection of the vascular arterial prosthesis (VAP) which might lead to loss of limb or even death. Very often infected prostheses are combined with infectious infiltration of the adjacent tissues or even necrosis and their loss. This paper deals with the experience in the management of 5 patients suffering from infection of vascular arterial prostheses in various locations, for by-passing abdominal aorta and distal arteries with loss or necrosis of the skin and tissues adjacent to the graft. Removal of the infected graft was performed in all of the cases, together with wide debridement of the infested area and placement of a new graft, coursing far from the infected area for revascularization of the affected limb. The cleaned infected area was covered at a first or second stage by applying plastic procedures utilizing musculocutaneous tissue transfer. The results were quite satisfactory. We conclude that the management of infected vascular arterial prostheses, when these are combined with loss of adjacent tissues, is a challenge for the Vascular Surgeon. Their removal, extended cleaning and covering of the area by means of plastic procedures with tissue transfer, proved to be effective in the management of this problem.

Blood Vessel Prosthesis↗

PubMed2004

In situ-formed, tissue-adhesive co-gel composed of styrenated gelatin and styrenated antibody: potential use for local anti-cytokine antibody therapy on surgically resected tissues.

Styrenated antibody (ST-Ab) and styrenated gelatin (ST-gelatin) were prepared by condensation reaction of antibody or gelatin with 4-vinylbenzoic acid, respectively. The affinity loss of ST-Ab to its antigen was minimal. ST-Ab and ST-gelatin were copolymerized with by visible-light irradiation in the presence of a water-soluble camphorquinone as a photoinitiator to produce a tissue-adhesive, in situ-formed co-gel of ST-gelatin and ST-Ab. The amount of non-reacted ST-Ab released from the co-gel of ST-gelatin and ST-Ab into the medium was minimal. The confocal laser scanning microscopy observation showed that local accumulation of rhodamine-labeled bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a model antigen was noticed in the surface-to-subsurface region of the co-gel of ST-gelatin and anti-BSA ST-Ab, indicating that the gel prevented the permeation of BSA into the gel. In invasion double chamber assay using anti-hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) antibody, the co-gel prevented HGF-dependent invasion of pancreatic cancer cells. The discussion was made for potential application of an in situ-formed tissue-adhesive co-gel of ST-gelatin and ST-Ab, developed in this study, as a cytokine-barrier on a surgically resected tissue where cancer cells might still remain after resection of cancerous tissue.

Antibodies↗

PubMed1999

Angle dependence of intravascular ultrasound imaging and its feasibility in tissue characterization of human atherosclerotic tissue.

BACKGROUND: Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) images vary in intensity because of the angle of the transducer relative to the plaque. The purpose of this study was to determine the angle dependence of ultrasound backscatter when the IVUS transducer is aligned coaxially in atherosclerotic arteries and to examine its feasibility in tissue characterization of human atherosclerotic tissue. METHODS AND RESULTS: Thirty-nine noncalcified regions of interest (ROI, 0.4 to 0. 6 mm in diameter) within cross sections of formalin-fixed human iliac arterial plaque were imaged with a 3.9F, 25-MHz IVUS catheter in saline at room temperature. The catheter was moved coaxially from 8 to 16 positions and spanned 50 to 122 degrees relative to the ROI and the lumen center. Echo intensity for each ROI was defined as the videointensity relative to a standard reflector. The angle dependence of echo intensity was defined as the slope of the regression line between the angle of incidence and echo intensity. Each ROI was histologically classified into 4 groups: fibro-acellular (fibrous cap, n=7), fibro-cellular (n=9), fibro-fatty (n=13), or fatty tissue (n=10). The echo intensity of the majority (72%) of plaque components in IVUS images are significantly affected by the angle of incidence of the transducer. The angle dependence of fibro-acellular samples was significantly greater than that of the other 3 groups (4.69 +/- 3.29 x 10(-3) x echo intensity/degree vs 1.06 +/- 1.10 in fibro-cellular area, 2.09 +/- 1.75 in fibro-fatty area, and 2.16 +/- 1.92 in fatty area, P <. 05). CONCLUSIONS: The angle dependence of ultrasound reflections from the fibrous cap of atherosclerotic plaque is another method of tissue characterization in addition to spatial distribution and echo intensity. This technique may be useful in determining the thickness of the fibrous cap, which may be an important predictor of plaque rupture.

Adipose Tissue↗

PubMed1959

A neoplastic connective tissue mast cell capable of continuous growth in tissue culture.

A neoplastic connective tissue mast cell from a dog mast cell sarcoma has been grown in tissue culture for 50 passages over a period of 2 years. The cells were grown as monolayer cultures in glass bottles, using Eagle's basal medium fortified with calf serum. The cultures were contaminated with an Alkaligenes sp. for 10 months but finally were sterilized bacteriologically by treatment with specific antiserum combined with antibiotics. The cells grow in a fibroblastic pattern, and contain mitochondria, mast cell granules, and lipid granules or droplets. The mast cell granules stain basophilic with Giemsa's stain and metachromatically with azure A or toluidine blue. They also stain with Sudan black B and with periodic acid-Schiff stain. The interphase nuclei are vesicular, contain from 1 to 20 nucleoli, and frequently show bizarre outlines. Multinucleate cells are often seen, as are mitotic figures. Extracellular fibrous material occurs in all cultures and apparently originates from the cell surface. This material does not have the structure of connective tissue fibers and has not been identified. The cells develop an increased number of metachromatic granules when grown in medium containing heparin and an increased number of sudanophilic granules when grown in medium containing stearic acid. Only small amounts of histamine were present in the tumor from which this cell line was derived and in the cells grown in tissue culture.

Animals↗

PubMed2026

Soft Tissue Volume Augmentation at Single Implant Sites Applying Collagen Matrices or Connective Tissue Grafts: 10-Year Follow-Up of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

AIM: To compare up to 10 years clinical, profilometric and patient-reported outcomes of implant sites previously augmented using a volume-stable collagen matrix (VCMX) or connective tissue graft (SCTG) in the aesthetic zone. METHODS: The original non-inferiority randomized controlled trial (RCT) enrolled 20 patients who received soft tissue volume augmentation with VCMX or SCTG at single implant sites. Clinical assessments and standardized measurements were performed at baseline after crown insertion and at 6 months, 1, 3, 5, 7.5, and 10 years. The primary outcome was mucosal thickness. Secondary outcomes included marginal bone levels (MBL), probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), plaque control record, Pink Aesthetic Score (PES), OHIP-14 and buccal profilometric changes. Group comparisons were performed using mixed-effects and generalized estimating equation (GEE) models, which account for within-patient correlations due to repeated measurements and allow inclusion of all available data without requiring imputation for missing observations. RESULTS: Of the 20 originally enrolled patients, 10 (5 in the SCTG group and 5 in the VCMX group) were available for re-examination at 10 years. The adjusted between-group difference in mucosal thickness was -0.02 mm (95% CI -0.99 to 0.96). As the lower bound of the confidence interval remained above the prespecified non-inferiority margin of -1 mm, non-inferiority of VCMX was shown. Buccal contour changes were comparable during the early follow-up, while a trend toward a greater long-term contour decrease was observed in group VCMX (-0.31 mm [95% CI, -0.65 to 0.03]; p = 0.07). Mean PES values were 10.6 in the SCTG group and 9.6 in the VCMX group, with no significant between-group differences (p = 0.45). Both groups revealed high levels of oral health-related quality of life, with low median OHIP-14 scores (SCTG, 0.0; VCMX, 1.0; p = 0.26). CONCLUSION: These preliminary long-term findings showed no clinically relevant differences between SCTG and VCMX in terms of clinical, profilometric and patient-reported outcomes. While SCTG remains the reference standard, VCMX represents a less invasive alternative but with a slight tendency toward greater long-term contour reduction. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Volume-stable collagen matrices serve as a viable alternative to autogenous connective tissue grafts for peri-implant soft tissue volume augmentation, particularly in patients seeking a reduced morbidity, without compromising long-term clinical or aesthetic outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION: German Clinical Trials Register: DRKS00017484.

Humans↗

PubMed1975

[Studies on the number of fat cells and connective tissue cells in white adipose tissue in chronic starvation and after refeeding. I. Investigations on aurothioglucose-obese NMRI-albino-mice(author's transl)].

UNLABELLED: Former investigations (Rakow et al., 1970, 1971 b) on epididymal fat pads of lean NMRI-Albino-mice during starvation and refeeding have shown that the number of fat cells (adipocytes) remained unchanged while the number of cells o connective tissue decreased during starvation and increased during the refeeding period. In the present paper the problem has been investigated whether these variations could be demonstrated also in NMRI-albino-mice obesified by administration of aurothioglucose. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The investigations were performed with male NMRI-Albino-mice rendered obese by administration of aurothioglucose (800 mg per kg body weight). These animals were fed 2.5 g Altromin 1115 R daily for six weeks. After this they were fed Altromin 1115 R and additional oat flakes ad libitum for three (exp. groups HW3) and seven (exp. groups HW 7) days respectively. After this time the animals were sacrificed. The epididymal fat pads were removed and weighed. One of both pads of each animal was used for chemical investigations. After PCA-treatment (0.5 n, 90 degrees C. 15 min.) the DNA (Burton, 1956) and RNA (Ceriotti, 1955) was determined in the supernatant. After NaOH-treatment (0.5 n, 37 degrees C, 24 Hrs) the noncollagen protein content (Lowry et al., 1951) of the sediment was estimated. After HCl-treatment (25%, 110 degrees C, 20 hrs.) the collagen content (Stegemenn, 1958; modified by Rauskolb, 1967) was determined. The remaining fat pad was used for calculations of cell numbers in the fat cell and connective tissue cell compartment. For this reason fat cells were isolated according to Rodbell (1964). The fat cell diameters were determined microscopically and the average masses of the fat cells were estimated. From the wet weight of the fat pads and the average fat cell mass the number of fat cells was calculated. The remaining suspension of fat cells and cells of connective tissue was utilized for cell smears. These smears were stained with Schiff's reagent (Feulgen et al., 1924; Graumann, 1952). With an integrating microdensitometer (Deeley, 1955) the average relative DNA-content of single cell nuclei were measured and the ploidy patterns were estimated. From the whole DNA-content of the fat pads and the DNA-content of the fat cell population the number of cells of the connective tissue was calculated...

Adipose Tissue↗

PubMed1999

Exploiting glycation to stiffen and strengthen tissue equivalents for tissue engineering.

Glycation, the nonenzymatic crosslinking of proteins by reducing sugars, is known to cause stiffening of soft tissues over a lifetime, particularly in diabetics. We show here that glycation due to elevated glucose and ribose concentrations in cell culture medium can be exploited in a matter of a few weeks of incubation to stiffen and strengthen tissue equivalents and to increase their resistance to collagenolytic degradation, all without loss of cell viability. Glycated tissue equivalents did not elicit inflammation or induce calcification upon subcutaneous implantation; rather, they were permissive to host integration and remodeling. Thus a pathological process might be used in a targeted way in tissue engineering to fabricate tissue equivalents with the required mechanical properties and desired resorption rate upon implantation.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Direct isolation of Inoue-Melnick virus from human colorectal carcinoma tissues but not from stomach carcinoma tissues.

Inoue-Melnick virus (IMV) was isolated directly from all of the seven human colorectal adenocarcinoma tissues studied, whereas IMV was not isolated from five human stomach carcinoma tissues. Seven isolates from the Japanese colorectal carcinoma tissues were identified as type 1 IMV by the neutralization test and were sensitive to phosphonoacetic acid, a growth inhibitor of IMV. Furthermore, type 1 IMV-antibody was detected in six of seven sera of the patients whose colorectal carcinoma tissues were positive for virus isolation. In contrast, IMV-antibody was not detected in the five sera of the patients whose stomach carcinoma tissues were tested and found negative for IMV.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed2003

Tissue-specific p53 responses to ionizing radiation and their genetic modification: the key to tissue-specific tumour susceptibility?

Although little is understood of the underlying mechanisms, there are tissue-specific responses to tumourigenic and therapeutic agents and these responses are influenced by genetic factors. Ionizing radiation is an important tumourigenic and therapeutic agent for which there is substantial evidence for such tissue-dependent and genotype-dependent responses. Because the p53 tumour suppressor protein is a major determinant of cellular responses to radiation, the present study has investigated whether modification of the p53 pathway contributes to tissue-dependent and genotype-dependent responses using inbred strains of mice. Comparison of responses in haemopoietic and epithelial cells in irradiated C57BL/6 and DBA/2 mice revealed significant differences in p53 and apoptotic responses in different cell types and in different cells of the same type, reflecting the complexity of damage responses operating in the whole organism. The data suggest that p53-mediated up-regulation of Bax is a major determinant of apoptosis in the spleen, but not in the intestine, whereas p53-mediated induction of p21(waf1) plays an anti-apoptotic role in the spleen, but not in the intestine. It is also shown that p53 stabilization and differential transactivational activities towards Bax or p21(waf1) are influenced by genetic factors that act in a tissue-specific manner. Analysis of ATM, a potential mediator of differential p53 activation, indicates that this key regulator of radiation responses is preferentially induced in epithelial cells, but is unlikely to account for genetic modification of p53 or apoptotic responses in the mouse strains studied. Polymorphisms in the p53 or DNA-PKcs genes are also unlikely to account for the genetic modifications that are reported here. There are numerous further potential modifiers of the p53 pathway, but analysis of backcross and inter-cross mice demonstrates that genes responsible for the complex modification of these in vivo responses can be identified by linkage analysis. This approach has the potential to reveal new or unexpected interactions involving the p53 pathway that determine both short-term and long-term effects of radiation exposure and the basis of tissue-specific responses and tumour susceptibility.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

Amplification of tissue by construction of tissue microarrays.

Tissue microarrays are a method of relocating tissue from conventional histologic paraffin blocks in a manner that tissue from multiple patients or blocks can be seen on the same slide. This is done by using a needle to biopsy a standard histologic section and placing the core into an array on a recipient paraffin block. This technique allows maximization of tissue resources by analysis of small core biopsies of blocks, rather than complete sections. Using this technology, a carefully planned array can be constructed using cases from pathology tissue block archives, and a 20-year survival analysis can be done on a cohort of 600 or more patients using only a few microliters of antibody in a single experiment. Furthermore, this cohort can be analyzed thousands of times with different reagents as a result of judicious sectioning of the array block. This review describes this process and discusses the issues of representative sampling in heterogeneous lesions, the issue of antigen preservation, and some technical strategies and methods of array construction. In summary, this technique can provide a highly efficient, high-throughput mechanism for evaluation of protein expression in large cohorts. It has the potential for allowing validation of new genes at a speed comparable to the rapid rate of gene discovery afforded by DNA microarrays.

Histological Techniques↗

PubMed1996

Neural isolation of the jejunoileum. Effect on tissue morphometry, mucosal disaccharidase activity, and tissue peptide content.

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a model of intestinal extrinsic denervation on mucosal structure and function. Six dogs underwent in situ neural isolation of the jejunoileum (Group 2); six other dogs served as operated controls (Group 1), and five nonoperated dogs were naive controls (Group 3). Thirty-centimeter segments of proximal jejunum and distal ileum were excised before (time zero) and at 2 weeks and 8 weeks postoperatively in Groups 1 and 2, while similar regions were removed at time zero in Group 3. Tissues were analyzed for morphology with quantitative morphometry, mucosal disaccharidase activities (sucrase, maltase, and lactase), and tissue content of selected regulatory peptides in transmural, mucosa/submucosa, and muscularis regions. In situ neural isolation had no significant or consistent effects on morphology/morphometry or on mucosal disaccharidase activities. Tissue content of neuropeptide Y decreased markedly (P < 0.002) in all layers of the jejunal and ileal walls, but tissue content of vasoactive inhibitory polypeptide, substance P, cholecystokinin, neurotensin, met-enkephalin, neurokinin A, somatostatin, and calcitonin gene-related peptide demonstrated only minor changes. The physiologic effects of intestinal transplantation (extrinsic denervation and disruption of intrinsic, enteric neural continuity, and lymphatic drainage) have little effect on morphology, mucosal disaccharidase activity, and tissue content of most regulatory peptides. How these minor alterations might affect enteric function, however, needs to be investigated.

Animals↗

PubMed1978

[Interference of the tissue concentration of antibiotics with a salidiuretic. Behaviour of cephradine and cephalothin in brain tissue after additional administration of furosemide (author's transl)].

Serum and brain tissue concentrations were determined after i.v. administration of 4 g cephradine to 11 patients of whom 6 were additionally receiving 40 mg furosemide t.i.d. peroral. Five further patients were given 4 g cephalothin i.v. All patients were undergoing a brain operation at the time of antibiotic administration. Between 60 and 100 min after dosage, cephradine decreased in the serum from 104.9 mcg/ml to 56.7 mcg/ml and in the brain tissue from 13.02 mcg/g to 8.37 mcg/g in the mean. Cephradine concentrations in serum were higher and in brain tissue lower when furosemide was given as well. These differences are statistically significant (p less than 0.01). Serum concentrations of cephalothin over the same period and in the absence of furosemide were very low with 32.2 mcg/ml at 60 to 70 min, and extremely low in the brain tissue (0.55 mcg/g in the mean) so that a trial with furosemide was not performed. Neither antibiotic was detectable in the cerebrospinal fluid. The differences in serum and brain tissue concentrations of cephradine in the presence and absence of furosemide demonstrate that special care must be taken when administering more than one drug.

Brain Chemistry↗

PubMed1993

Interleukin-1 (IL-1) production in a mouse tissue chamber model of inflammation. II. Identification of (tissue) macrophages as the IL-1 producing cells and the effect of anti-inflammatory drugs.

We have used our newly described mouse tissue chamber model [1], to investigate the process of IL-1 production in more detail. The inflammatory reaction in the tissue surrounding the implanted chambers was investigated histologically and by using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The inflammatory response included influx of leucocytes into the granuloma surrounding the tissue chamber, expression of IL-1 beta on macrophages present in the inflamed tissue and an increase in the mRNA coding for IL-1 beta and IL-6 proteins in the granuloma. The effects of three anti-inflammatory or immunosuppressive drugs, prednisolone, indomethacin and cyclosporin A, on IL-1 beta and PGE2 production in zymosan and Bordetella-pertussis-vaccine (BPV)-challenged tissue chambers were also examined. Oral treatment with prednisolone and cyclosporin A of zymosan-challenged animals showed a dose-dependent reduction of IL-1 beta concentrations, but no effect of indomethacin. Both prednisolone and indomethacin dose-dependently reduced PGE2 concentrations to control levels, while cyclosporin A was effective only at the highest dose tested (100 mg/kg/day p.o.). In drug-treated BPV-challenged animals, prednisolone and cyclosporin A also showed a dose-dependent reduction of IL-1 beta, while indomethacin was again ineffective. Prednisolone and indomethacin also dose-dependently reduced the PGE2 concentrations to control levels, whereas cyclosporin A was effective only at the highest dose tested (100 mg/kg/day p.o.). This model will be useful for investigating the mechanisms controlling the production of IL-1 beta from the mRNA level to the secretion of mature biologically active protein [1], and in the search for new drugs which could selectively interfere with this process.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Immunohistochemical detection of estrogen and progesterone receptors in endometriotic tissue. A comparative study of paraffin embedded and fresh frozen tissues.

30 formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded and 20 fresh frozen samples of endometriotic tissue were analysed immunohistochemically for the concentration of estrogen and progesterone receptors. In the formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded group only 37% of the samples were estrogen receptor positive whereas 63% were receptor negative. In contrast, we found that 67% of the samples had a positive progesterone receptor status. In the fresh frozen group 60% of endometriotic tissues were estrogen receptor positive and 75% of the tissues had a positive progesterone receptor status. We could not find any correlation between the site or severity of the endometriosis or the hormonal receptor status. We were able to demonstrate that the immunohistochemical detection of hormonal receptors in endometriotic tissues is possible and that better results were obtained if fresh frozen rather than formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded tissues were analyzed.

Endometriosis↗