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Fungal infections in children.

Fungal infections of the skin represent a relatively common problem in pediatric dermatology. Although fungal infections of the feet, nails, and groin are uncommon in the pediatric age group, fungal infections of the scalp are very common and must be diagnosed early because they may lead to permanent hair loss if left untreated. Perhaps the most significant change in fungal infections in children has occurred in tinea capitis, including the causative agent and the type of infection this organism may produce; these factors are focused upon in this article. Also discussed are infections caused by the yeast organisms Candida albicans and Pityrosporum orbiculare, as well as the deep mycoses, specifically chromoblastomycosis and cutaneous aspergillosis.

Aspergillosis↗

The epidemiology of Microsporum canis infections in Rijeka area, Croatia.

The aim of the study was to analyze the Microsporum canis infections in the Rijeka area, Croatia, observed between 1990 and 2001. A total of 724 cases of dermatophytosis caused by M. canis were diagnosed in 320 individuals with the tinea capitis and 404 with tinea corporis. The M. canis infections constituted 32.8% of all dermatophytes isolated during the study period.

Adolescent↗

[Dermatophyte flora at the dermatology clinic of Kimitsu Chuo Hospital from 1994 through 1999].

Kimitsu Chuo Hospital is located in the middle of Chiba Prefecture along Tokyo Bay. An epidemiological survey of dermatophytosis was made at the dermatology clinic of the hospital from January 1994 through December 1999. Dermatophytosis patients numbered 2,580 and disease types were composed of: tinea pedis 1,656 (64.2%), tinea unguium 377 (14.6%), tinea corporis 308 (11.9%), tinea cruris 139 (5.4%), tinea manuum 92 (3.6%), tinea capitis 6 (0.2%) and tinea profunda 2 (0.1%). Species frequencies in the 1,610 strains isolated from these patients were as follows: 929 (57.7%) of Trichophyton rubrum, 651 (40.4%) of T. mentagrophytes, 9 (0.6%) of Microsporum gypseum, 8 (0.5%) of M. canis, 8 (0.5%) of Epidermophyton floccosum and 5 (0.3%) of T. violaceum. The ratio of T.R/T.M was 1.43 in all the isolates, and 0.81 in the isolates from tinea pedis. These ratios were lower than those of the epidemiological survey of dermatomycoses in Japan in 1997. T. mentagrophytes was characteristically dominant in this hospital and resulted from a drastic increase in tinea pedis caused by this species in the summer season.

Adolescent↗