Self-reported illness and risk behaviours amongst Canadian travellers while abroad.
403 travellers who attended The University of Calgary International Travel Clinic between August 1, 1987 and June 1, 1988, were asked to return a questionnaire detailing health, illness and risk factors while abroad. Of the 296 respondents, most travelled for fewer than 6 weeks time; destinations were primarily areas where chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum had been reported. Diarrhea was experienced by 57.3% of respondents; eating food purchased from street vendors was found to be a significant risk factor. Travellers who made trips exceeding 60 days' duration were significantly more likely to experience skin rashes, fevers or diarrhea, although it could not be determined whether this was due to their higher likelihood of undertaking high-risk behaviours, or to a higher number of person-days at risk. The findings of this high rate of illness while abroad underscores the need for specific advice on appropriate risk avoidance behaviours when pre-travel medical visits occur. Further prospective studies to determine effectiveness of such advice, and the patterns of illness based on person-days at risk, are required.