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At least 775 records · Page 43Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Thyroglossal duct carcinoma: a case report.

We describe a 47-year-old woman with a 13-year history of asymptomatic midline submental swelling. Cytologic examination of a fine-needle aspiration specimen from the solid mass revealed adenocarcinoma. The preoperative diagnosis was thyroglossal duct carcinoma. A Sistrunk procedure was performed and microscopic examination revealed papillary adenocarcinoma. The postoperative course was uneventful and there were no signs of local recurrence or metastasis at one year after surgery.

Carcinoma, Papillary, Follicular↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Two benign CT presentations of thyroid-related papillary adenocarcinoma.

Two cases of thyroid-related papillary adenocarcinoma are presented. Both patients had clinically benign neck masses that were clearly separated from the thyroid gland. In both cases the thyroid gland was normal to clinical evaluation, CT, and 99mTc scanning. One patient had an occult thyroid carcinoma with a solitary metastatic node in the lateral neck, and the other patient had a rare carcinoma in a suprahyoid thyroglossal duct cyst that had been previously misdiagnosed as a cystic hygroma.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed2001

Histological characterization of the thyroglossal tract: implications for surgical management.

OBJECTIVES: In the current report, we characterized the relationship between the central hyoid bone and the thyroglossal tract and determined the prevalence of ectopic thyroid follicles in the adjacent soft tissues. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective pathological analysis. METHODS: The resected specimens from 104 patients who underwent a modified Sistrunk procedure with wide-field dissection were retrospectively analyzed. Under light microscopy, serial sections were examined to determine whether the thyroglossal tract passed anterior to, posterior to, or within the hyoid bone. Specimens were also examined for the presence of thyroid follicles in the periductal and pericystic soft tissues. RESULTS: In 50 cases (48%), the tract position in relation to the hyoid bone could not be identified secondary to extensive arborization, marked inflammation, specimen fragmentation or a combination of these. Thyroid follicles were observed in 9 (18%) of these specimens. In the remaining 54 cases (52%) the tract was located anterior to the central arch of the hyoid bone in 39 (72%) and posterior to it in 15 (28%). Thyroid tissue was observed in 46% of specimens (P =.004), regardless of whether the tract was anterior or posterior. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that tract position often cannot be defined, but when a portion is dominant, it is likely to be anterior to the hyoid bone. Ectopic thyroid tissue can be found in almost 50% of specimens when the tract position is identifiable. With appropriate surgical management, a recurrence rate of less than 4% can be expected, despite the presence of ductule multiplicity, marked inflammation, tract position posterior to the hyoid bone, and ectopic thyroid follicles.

Choristoma↗
PubMed1976

A migrating cervical mass. Case report.

An asymptomatic migration of a foreign body from the axilla to the neck was diagnosed mistakenly as an infected thyroglossal duct sinus. Cure was effected by removal.

Axilla↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Long-term outcome in treated combined methylmalonic acidemia and homocystinemia.

PURPOSE: To describe the clinical and biochemical features and long-term outcome of a cohort of eight patients with methylmalonic acidemia and homocystinuria (cblC). METHODS: Documentation of clinical features at birth and longitudinal follow-up of the biochemical and clinical response to treatment with daily oral carnitine and intramuscular hydroxocobalamin observed during continuous follow-up for an average of 5.7 years. RESULTS: Our patients had an increased incidence of congenital malformations including microcephaly (<5%) at birth (2 of 8), congenital heart disease (2 of 8), dysmorphic facial features (1 of 8), and thyroglossal duct cyst (1 of 8). Postnatal hydrocephalus (2 of 8) and hip dislocation caused by ligament laxity (1 of 8) were also noted. One patient had profound visual impairment before 6 months of age secondary to cblC retinopathy, and two patients had abnormal retinal pigmentation with normal visual function. All patients presented with poor growth, feeding problems, and/or seizures. No patients had acute acidotic crises before or after treatment. All patients had dramatic reduction of plasma free homocystine and urine methylmalonic acid excretion after initiation of therapy with carnitine, intramuscular (IM) hydroxocobalamin (OHcbl) and, in two cases, oral betaine. Growth was significantly improved in most cases after the initiation of therapy, and microcephaly was resolved in one patient. All patients were developmentally delayed regardless of age of treatment onset, although two patients had relatively mild developmental delay. CONCLUSION: cblC patients may have an increased incidence of congenital malformations suggesting prenatal effects of abnormal cbl metabolism. Treatment with IM OHcbl and carnitine successfully corrects the biochemical abnormalities and improves growth. Developmental delay of variable severity is always present regardless of age at diagnosis or treatment onset.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Radionuclide imaging of the thyroid gland: patterns, pearls, and pitfalls.

Optimal thyroid scintigraphy requires an understanding of 1) the embryology, anatomy, and physiology of the thyroid gland; and 2) the properties of the 2 common imaging agents, technetium-99m pertechnetate (Tc-99m) and radioiodine (1-123). The normal gland has a characteristic scintigraphic pattern with these tracers and its uptake can be quantified with 1-123. Thyroid diseases often produce characteristic abnormal patterns. These abnormal patterns could be described as diffuse or focal, homogeneous or heterogeneous, increased or decreased. "Extrathyroidal" localization can be seen with esophageal activity, ectopic tissue, thyroglossal duct cyst, and substernal goiter. Thyroid scintigraphy of neonates, as a follow up to abnormal blood screening, demonstrates typical etiologic patterns. The first step in evaluating a patient with suspected thyroid disease is correlating the normal or abnormal scintigraphic pattern with available biochemical data, clinical history, and physical examination. By integrating the interpretive and technical "pearls" and "pitfalls" outlined in this article, the radiologist can be more confident in establishing a proper diagnosis.

Artifacts↗
PubMed1991

Spatial correlation between thyroid epithelial cells expressing class II MHC molecules and interferon-gamma-containing lymphocytes in human thyroid autoimmune disease.

In this immunohistochemical study we addressed the question whether aberrant class II MHC expression by thyroid epithelial cells (thyrocytes) in established thyroid autoimmune disease is the result of release of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) by adjacent lymphocytes. Thyroids from eight cases of Hashimoto's thyroiditis, 13 cases of Graves' disease and 10 cases of focal thyroiditis were studied. Both thyrocytes expressing class II MHC and lymphocytes containing immunoreactive IFN-gamma were found in all 31 autoimmune thyroids. In a serial section study of these thyroids, IFN-gamma-expressing lymphocytes were found within 50 microns of class II MHC-positive thyrocytes in 89% of 282 randomly selected fields. Conversely, class II MHC-positive thyrocytes were found within 50 micron of aggregates of IFN-gamma-positive lymphocytes in 82% of 272 randomly selected fields. These findings support the view that in established thyroid autoimmune disease expression of class II MHC by thyrocytes is the result of local release of IFN-gamma.

Autoimmune Diseases↗
PubMed1980

Thyroglossal duct remnants in childhood.

The most common cause of a midline cervical lesion in childhood is a thyroglossal duct remnant. It is disappointing to find that although the embryology and rationale of definitive treatment have been well understood for many years, there persists a high incidence of inadequate surgical treatment in the first instance, especially in the hands of general surgeons.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lumps and bumps in neonates and infants.

There are many developmental abnormalities that may appear in the neonate and in infants when critical steps in embryogenesis fail. These steps are often not fatal but can lead to significant morbidity for those patients affected. A logical approach is needed in addressing both the diagnostic and therapeutic issues that arise when caring for these patients, as various lesions will warrant an observational approach, and others may require imaging studies or definitive surgical intervention. Additionally, there are other "lumps and bumps" that are seen in the neonatal and infantile age groups that include malignancies and cutaneous neoplasms with associated systemic sequelae.

Branchioma↗
PubMed1997

Formal retrospective case review and sudden infant death.

A review of 24 consecutive sudden infant deaths was undertaken to evaluate the importance of the various stages in the postmortem assessment of such cases. Death in three cases was caused by obvious trauma. Of the remainder, 16 were attributed to sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), 4 to accidental asphyxia (identified by death scene examination and/or formal case review) and 1 to a lingual thyroglossal duct cyst. Three (14%) of 21 deaths thought to be SIDS after postmortem examination were attributed to asphyxia following subsequent formal case review.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1995

US, CT, and MR imaging of neck lesions in children.

Neck lesions are common findings in pediatric patients and can be classified as congenital, vascular, inflammatory, or tumoral. They can be evaluated with ultrasonography (US), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, either alone or in combination. US should be considered first for studying suspected congenital, vascular, and inflammatory lesions, although CT and MR imaging are best for demonstrating the extent of benign and malignant tumors and the presence or absence of bone erosion, vascular encasement, and airway compromise. MR imaging is also preferred for ruling out intracranial and intraspinal extension (eg, as occurs in rhabdomyosarcoma and neuroblastoma, respectively). In the authors' experience, thyroglossal duct cysts and lymphangioma are the most common congenital anomalies; jugular vein aneurysms are the most common vascular lesion; lymphadenitis is the most common inflammatory lesion; fibromatosis colli is the most common benign tumor or tumorlike condition; and lymphoma is the most common malignant neoplasm.

Adolescent↗