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At least 775 records · Page 43Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

D-dimer in the early diagnosis of thromboembolic disease in acute spinal injuries.

The role of monitoring plasma levels of D-dimer (XDP) as a diagnostic aid for thromboembolic disease was investigated in 267 patients admitted for acute care to the Prince Henry Hospital Spinal Unit. Elevated plasma XDP levels were found in 103 patients (39%) and a diagnosis of thromboembolic disease was made in 33. Thromboembolic disease was not found in patients whose XDP levels remained normal.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Pathoanatomical and surgical findings in cervical spinal injuries.

The pathomorphology of normal and degenerated human cervical spines that had been subjected to trauma was studied in detail by surface-cryoplaning of frozen autopsy specimens. Four cervical spines that had been surgically fused were also sectioned after removal of the metal. In young individuals, disc ruptures occurred that resulted in compromise of the vertebral canal. In degenerated spines, vertebral endplate ridges were frequently fractured. These injuries resulted in encroachment on the spinal cord as well as on the nerve roots in the foramen. Osteophytes from the uncinate processes also contributed to stenosis at the nerve root exist. These pathoanatomical findings were corroborated by intraoperative observations in patients. The high incidence of compressive lesions anteriorly in the cervical spine underscores the need to consider both anterior and posterior surgery in many of these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Phasic cutaneous input facilitates locomotor recovery after incomplete spinal injury in the chick.

1. Walking and swimming of hatchling chicks was videotaped before hemisection of the left thoracic cord and thereafter at regular intervals, for up to 2 wk. With the use of kinematic techniques, movements of the left knee and ankle were quantified to assess recovery of the ipsilateral leg during walking and swimming trials. To study the effects of exteroceptive (cutaneous) feedback in the absence of limb loading, one group of animals was also provided with cutaneous stimulation during swimming in the form of neutrally buoyant tubes that only contacted the foot during the retraction (extension) phase of the swim cycle. 2. One day after hemisection, for both swimming and walking, the left knee failed to extend normally, and the ankle joint remained hyperextended. During walking, all chicks adopted an asymmetric gait, whereas during swimming the left leg remained retracted and motionless. 3. Over the next 2 wk, knee extension and ankle flexion during walking recovered to normal preoperative values, but neither measure returned to preoperative values during swimming trials. However, when chicks were provided with phasic cutaneous stimulation during swimming trials, they showed improvements in leg motion as soon as 5 days after hemisection. Temporary removal of the cutaneous stimulation during swimming (5 days after hemisection) resulted in reduced limb action. However, 14 days after hemisection, the improvement in limb motion was retained even when the cutaneous stimulation was not provided. 4. Improvement in leg motion after swim training with phasic cutaneous stimulation took the form of increased extension of the limb during retraction. Possible neurophysiological mechanisms for this behavior include reflex reinforcement of limb extensor activity in response to cutaneous stimulation of the foot. Repeated exposure to phasic stimulation during swimming trials results in a permanent alteration in limb action. Thus increased cutaneous afferent inputs, even in the absence of limb loading, can facilitate locomotor recovery after spinal cord injury.

Animals↗