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PubMed1991

[Cyst of the seminal vesicle with ipsilateral kidney agenesis].

Unilateral cyst of the seminal vesicle, ipsilateral ectopic ureter and ipsilateral renal agenesis are the components of a rare congenital abnormality affecting the male urogenital tract. The clinical picture is characterized by a retrovesical cystic tumor which may be asymptomatic or cause nonspecific symptoms. Differential diagnosis includes cysts of the Müllerian duct, the urogenital sinus/ejaculatory duct, and the prostate. Pelvic ultrasonography is an appropriate method of investigating patients in whom this malformation is suspected, whereas more invasive radiologic procedures are indicated in selected cases only. Treatment for retrovesical cysts should be restricted to symptomatic patients. Conservative therapy may result in subjective improvement, but surgical exploration and excision of the abnormal organs is the only definitive treatment.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗

PubMed1986

Embryological and diagnostic aspects of seminal vesicle cysts associated with upper urinary tract malformation.

Congenital seminal vesicle cysts represent a rare but illustrative type of embryological malformation. They often are combined with ipsilateral upper urinary tract abnormalities. In most of the cases described in the literature the diagnosis has been made with rather invasive procedures. On the basis of our experience with 3 cases we recommend pelvic ultrasonography as the initial study in patients in whom such a malformation is suspected. Although other radiological procedures may be required to confirm the diagnosis, this approach appears to be cost-effective and accurate in most instances. The treatment of such malformations should be restricted to symptomatic cases and usually consists of vesiculectomy with or without removal of the ipsilateral dysplastic or hypoplastic kidney.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

Comparing 3-, 4- and 6-fields techniques for conformal irradiation of prostate and seminal vesicles using dose-volume histograms.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Comparing some isocentric coplanar techniques for conformal irradiation of prostate and seminal vesicles. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five conformal techniques have been considered: (A) a 3-fields technique with an antero-posterior (AP) field and two lateral (LAT-LAT) 30 degrees wedged fields; (B) a 3-fields technique with an AP field and two oblique posterior (OBL) 15 degrees wedged fields with relative weights of 0.8, 1 and 1, respectively; (C) a 4-fields technique (AP-PA and LAT-LAT); (D) a 6-fields technique (LAT-LAT and four OBL at gantry angles 45 degrees, 135 degrees, 235 degrees and 315 degrees) with all the fields having the same weight; (E) the same 6-fields technique with lateral fields double-weighted with respect to the oblique fields. The conformal plans have been simulated on 12 consecutive patients (stages B and C) by using our 3D treatment planning system (Cadplan 2.7). The contours of the rectum, the bladder and the left femoral head were outlined together with the clinical target volume (CTV) which included the prostate and the seminal vesicles. A margin of 10 mm was added to define the planning target volume (PTV) through automatic volume expansion. Then a 7 mm margin between the PTV and block edges was added to take the beam penumbra into account. Dose distributions were normalised to the isocentre and the reference dose was considered to be 95% of the isocentre dose. Dose-volume histograms and dose statistics of the rectum, the bladder and the left femoral head were collected for all plans. For the rectum and the bladder the mean dose (Dm) and the fraction of volume receiving a dose higher than the reference dose (V95) were compared. For the femoral head, the mean dose together with the fraction of volume receiving a dose higher than 50% (V50) were compared. RESULTS: Differences among the techniques have been found for all three considered organs at risk. When considering the rectum, technique A is better than the others both when considering Dm and V95 (P = 0.002), while technique D is the worst when considering Dm (P < 0.002) and is also worse than techniques A, E (P = 0.002) and C (P = 0.003) when considering V95. Technique E is the best when considering the bladder mean dose (P = 0.002 against A and D, P < 0.01 against B and C) and technique C is the worst (P < 0.012). No relevant differences were found for the bladder V95. In the femoral heads, techniques A and E are worse than B, C and D (P < 0.003) when considering Dm and V50. Moreover, techniques B and D are better than C (P < 0.004) when considering V50. CONCLUSIONS: There is no technique that is absolutely better than the others. Technique A gives the best sparing of the rectum; the bladder is better spared with technique E. These results are reached with a worse sparing of the femoral heads which should be carefully taken into account.

Femur Head↗

PubMed1981

Use of a cloned double stranded cDNA coding for a major androgen dependent protein in rat seminal vesicle secretion: the effect of testosterone in gene expression.

The abundant class of poly(A+)RNA [poly(A+)RNA11S] from rat seminal vesicle was used to synthesize ds-cDNA11S. The ds-cDNA11S was inserted and cloned into the Pst I site of pBR-322 using E. coli RR1 as host. Colony filter hybridization and restriction mapping was used to demonstrate that a 620 NTP long insert in a plasmid clone (pSV2) represents the almost full length structural gene coding for a precursor to the seminal vesicle secretion protein IV (SVS IV). The entire insert was sequenced and the coding region was matched with the known amino acid sequence. Most of the signal peptide sequence was derived from the DNA sequence. The insert in pSV2 was labelled and used to study the effect of testosterone on the accumulation of mRNA SVS IV. Administration of testosterone to castrated rats resulted in the induction of mRNA SVS IV from a few molecules per cell to levels of over 100,000 after 96 h of hormone treatment.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

[Ultrastructure of epithelial cells of rat seminal vesicles in the period of functional transformation and puberty].

It was found that the ultrastructure of the epithelial cells of the rat seminal vesicles changes during the period of puberty. The changes consist in formation of the cell organelles that participate in the production of secretion and in differentiation of the epithelial cells into the secretory and basal cells. The complementary biochemical studies indicate the close relationship between the formation of the typical ultrastructure of the secretory glandular cells of seminal vesicles and the presence of fructose in the secretion of these glandular cells.

Animals↗

PubMed2004

Predictors of prostate-specific antigen progression among men with seminal vesicle invasion at the time of radical prostatectomy.

BACKGROUND: Seminal vesicle (SV) invasion at the time of radical prostatectomy (RP) generally is considered to be indicative of poor outcome. The authors examined whether there was a subset of men with SV invasion who had long-term prostate-specific antigen (PSA) progression-free survival. METHODS: Data were examined from 1687 men who underwent RP between 1988 and 2002 at 5 equal-access medical centers. Patients were grouped based on the presence or absence of SV invasion at the time of RP. Clinical and pathologic variables as well as biochemical outcome data were compared across the groups using rank-sum, chi-square, and log-rank tests. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis was used to determine the significant predictors of time to PSA failure among men with SV invasion. RESULTS: Men with SV invasion had significantly higher PSA values, higher clinical stage, higher grade tumors, and were more likely to have concomitant extracapsular extension or a positive surgical margin. The 5-year PSA progression-free rates for men who had SV invasion was 36%, compared with 70% among men who had no SV invasion. Among men who had SV invasion, using multivariate analysis, only age (P = 0.023), pathologic Gleason score (P = 0.041), and surgical margin status (P = 0.019) were found to be independent predictors of PSA failure. By combining significant prognostic variables, the authors identified a subset of men with SV invasion, low-grade tumors (Gleason score 2-6), and negative surgical margins who had a 5-year PSA progression-free rate of 69%. Men with SV invasion, Gleason scores 2-6 tumors, negative surgical margins, and age > or = 60 years (n = 11; 8%) had a 5-year PSA progression-free rate of 100%. CONCLUSIONS: Although the majority of men with SV invasion have high-grade disease and a short time to biochemical failure, the authors identified a subset of men with low-grade disease, negative surgical margins, and older age who, despite SV invasion, had an extremely favorable clinical course. Thus, SV invasion does not uniformly suggest an unfavorable prognosis. prognosis.

Aged↗

PubMed1991

Induction of invasive carcinomas of the seminal vesicles and coagulating glands of F344 rats by administration of N-methylnitrosourea or N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine and followed by testosterone propionate with or without high-fat diet.

The potential modifying effects of testosterone propionate (TP) and high-caloric high-fat diet (20% corn oil, HF) on rat accessory sex gland carcinogenesis were investigated. Male F344 rats were treated five times at 4-week intervals with N-methylnitrosourea (MNU) i.v. or N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine (BOP) s.c., each injection following 2 weeks pretreatment with dietary ethinyl estradiol. After completion of this carcinogen administration stage, animal groups received subcutaneous implantation of Silastic tubes filled with 40 mg TP with or without HF for 40 weeks. Carcinomas of the seminal vesicles and/or coagulating glands were induced in 5, 39 and 56% of rats given MNU alone, MNU and TP, and MNU and HF plus TP respectively. No equivalent tumors were found in rats given MNU and HF. In the BOP-treated groups, 11% of animals receiving TP but no HF diet demonstrated seminal vesicle carcinomas and 6% of rats receiving TP plus HF diet had coagulating gland carcinoma. Thus while TP exerted a strong enhancing effect on tumor growth in the seminal vesicles and coagulating glands, high caloric HF did not manifest any significant influence.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

Glycoconjugate histochemistry of the secretory epithelium lining the seminal vesicles of the miniature pig.

The present study thoroughly examined the localization and characterization of glycoconjugates in the secretory epithelium lining the seminal vesicles of the miniature pig, employing light and electron microscopic histochemical procedures, including lectin methods. The present results showed the epithelial cells and luminal secretions to contain glycoconjugates with abundant neutral saccharides and a small amount of acidic saccharides, containing varying types of terminal sugar residues. At ultrastructural levels, the free surface coat of the plasma membrane was rich in alpha-D-Man, alpha-D-Glc, beta-D-Gal, GlcNAc, and sialic acid. The flocculent contents of the secretory vesicles indicated the localization of alpha-D-Man, alpha-D-Glc, alpha-L-Fuc, beta-D-Gal, GlcNAc, and sialic acid; such sugar residues were also seen in the elements of the Golgi apparatus. The present results have characterized the seminal vesicles of the miniature pig as having a high secretory activity and copiously producing glycoconjugates with various sugar residues. Such glycoconjugates appear to be indispensable substances for porcine reproduction, possibly influencing the fertilizing capacity of spermatozoa within the female genital tract.

Animals↗

PubMed2004

[Conservative treatment of a seminal vesicle abscess. Report of one case].

OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical conditions, the radiological findings and the management of a case of seminal vesicle abscess. METHODS: A 47-year old man presented with irritative voiding symptoms, fever, diminished ejaculated volume, hematuria and testicular pain. Diagnosis was made with digital rectal examination, ultrasound and CT. RESULTS: The patient was managed with antibiotic therapy alone for 4 weeks. Clinical and radiological resolution was achieved. CONCLUSIONS: Seminal vesicle abscess is a rare condition. Diagnosis is based on clinical data and radiological findings. Conservative treatment could be effective in selected cases.

Abscess↗

PubMed1998

Improved predictability of extracapsular extension and seminal vesicle involvement based on clinical and biopsy findings in prostate cancer in Japanese men.

OBJECTIVES: The accurate preoperative prediction of the extent of cancer by pathologic examination is essential for choosing the optimal treatment for patients with prostate cancer. Currently available clinical staging methods are not adequate and more precise staging is required. METHODS: Using the log likelihood ratio test and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, preoperative variables, including biopsy pathologic findings, were assessed for predicting final pathologic stage in prostate cancer. A multivariate model for predicting disease organ confinement status was established for easy clinical use. RESULTS: The use of the number of cores with cancer and maximum cancer length in conjunction with the three variables (prostate-specific antigen, clinical stage, and biopsy Gleason score) was found to significantly improve predictability of extracapsular extension and seminal vesicle involvement in clinically resectable (n = 96) and localized prostate cancers (n = 81) (P < 0.05). Areas under ROC curves for the above two parameter sets (five- versus three-variable model) were 0.8395 and 0.7109, respectively, for capacity for extracapsular extension prediction in clinically localized cancer. These values for seminal vesicle involvement were 0.7861 and 0.6927, respectively. The logistic model gave positive and negative predictive values of 73% and 78%, and 64% and 83%, respectively, for extracapsular extension and seminal vesicle involvement in clinically localized cancer at a predicted probability of 0.5 or greater. CONCLUSIONS: The present method may be used to predict non-organ-confined prostate cancer with greater accuracy than the previously reported model using three variables.

Aged↗

PubMed1994

Seasonal variations in the ultrastructure and production of androgen-dependent proteins in the seminal vesicles of a Saharian rodent (Psammomys obesus).

The effects of seasonal variations and experimental deprivation and substitution of androgen in the seminal vesicles of the Saharian rodent Psammomys obesus were investigated. Cytological studies showed that, during the breeding season, epithelial cells had large amounts of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) and substantial apocrine secretion. During the non-breeding season, RER cisternae were no longer expanded and apocrine secretion was rare. Castration during the breeding season was followed by regression of the RER and the disappearance of apocrine secretion. Treating castrated animals and animals in the non-breeding season with testosterone for 15 days caused reactivation. Eight major proteins with molecular weights of 120, 78, 67, 41, 37, 34, 21 and 14.4 kDa were present in homogenates during the breeding season; six (92, 41, 36, 35, 21 and 14.4 kDa) were found in seminal vesicle secretions. During the non-breeding season, the very large amounts of the 21 kDa protein were greatly reduced; conversely the 45 kDa protein increased. Electrophoretic patterns of homogenates from animals castrated during the breeding season showed eight proteins differentially induced (37, 34, 21 and 18 kDa) or repressed (67, 45, 38 and 35 kDa) by testosterone, of which the 21 kDa protein decreased most dramatically after castration. The effects of castration were reversed by the administration of testosterone. During the non-breeding season, the synthesis of the four induced proteins was stimulated by testosterone treatment; conversely that of the 45 kDa protein was suppressed.

Animals↗

PubMed1981

Morphological studies of the pigment present in the seminal vesicles of orchidectomized hamsters, and the preventive action of vitamin E and methylene blue.

Authors studies the histological and electromicroscopical picture of the seminal vesicles of hamsters after orchidectomy, after orchidectomy and Vitamin E feeding and after orchidectomy and Methylene Blue treatment. They states that 120 days after orchidectomy large amounts of lipofuscin and lamellar structures, myelin-like forms developed in the cytoplasm of the epithelial cells and macrophages of the seminal vesicles. Vitamin E feeding inhibited the appearance of lipofuscin, while Methylene Blue significantly reduced the amount of lipofuscin.

Animals↗

PubMed1996

Telomerase is activated in the prostate and seminal vesicles of the castrated rat.

Telomeres, the repetitive non-coding DNA sequences found at the ends of all eukaryotic chromosomes, shorten with each cell division. It has been proposed that telomere shortening may be the counting element of a mitotic clock that keeps track of cell divisions; with shortening to a critical length acting as a senescence signal underlying cellular aging. The enzyme telomerase functions to maintain telomere length, thus allowing unlimited cell division, and has been associated with cellular immortalization and cancer. Stem cells have large, perhaps unlimited, replicative capacities. Since these cells are potentially immortal, we reasoned that they might posses active telomerase. We therefore assayed for telomerase activity in the stem cell enriched pools of the androgen-depleted sex accessory tissues in the castrated male rat. Following castration, the ventral prostate and seminal vesicles of the rat involute, losing approximately 90% of their cells by 21 days. These residual glands persist, and are enriched for stem cells, being capable of fully regenerating these glands if testosterone is re-introduced into the animal. We assayed telomerase activity in extracts from normal, involuted, and regenerating ventral prostate and seminal vesicles. Normal glands were found to be telomerase negative, whereas telomerase activity appeared as these glands involuted following castration. Conversely, telomerase activity disappeared during testosterone-induced regeneration of these residual glands. These results provide strong evidence for the ability of androgen to negatively-regulate telomerase activity in stem cell populations of the rat ventral prostate and seminal vesicles. and represent the first in vivo model system for the modulation of telomerase activity.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

[Congenial seminal vesicle cyst with an intracystic papillary adenoma associated with ipsilateral renal agenesis].

We report on a case of a 67 year old male who had a cyst in the seminal vesicle region on sonography. The computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings included a seminal vesical cyst with an intracystic tumor associated with an ipsilateral renal agenesis and are demonstrated. Postoperatively the diagnosis of an intracystic papillary adenoma in a seminal vesicle cyst was made histologically.

Adenoma↗

PubMed1996

Benign ectopic prostatic tissue involving the seminal vesicle in a patient with prostate cancer: recognition and implications for staging.

We report the finding of benign, ectopic prostatic tissue in the seminal vesicle of a 67-year-old man who underwent a radical cystoprostatectomy for transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder and in whom carcinoma of the prostate was incidentally identified. The benign nature of the ectopic prostatic epithelium within the seminal vesicle was confirmed by its morphologic features and by the identification of an intact basal cell layer surrounding the prostatic epithelium. In this patient with prostatic carcinoma, it was essential to distinguish benign prostatic epithelium from adenocarcinoma to assign a correct tumor stage and determine appropriate treatment.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1988

Cloning and sequence analysis of a cDNA from seminal vesicle tissue encoding the precursor of the major protein of bull semen.

A cDNA library derived from poly(A)+RNA of bull seminal vesicle tissue was screened with a synthetic DNA probe specific for the major protein of bull semen. A positive clone pMP17, containing a 680-bp insert, was sequenced. In combination with primer-extension sequencing of poly(A)+RNA, a DNA sequence of 700 bp was determined. This DNA encodes a reading frame for 134 amino acids, starting with an ATG and terminated by a TAG codon. The first 25 amino acids constitute a signal peptide segment followed by 109 amino acids with the known sequence of the major protein. The initiation methionine occurs within the sequence CTACCATGG, which is highly homologous to a putative control signal for translational efficiency of mammalian mRNAs. The DNA sequence comprises a 3' untranslated region of 276 bp and the polyadenylation signal AATAAA, 13 bp upstream from a tract of A residues. Northern analysis indicated the presence of a 750-bp mRNA species in poly(A)+RNA of seminal vesicle tissue. According to Southern analysis, one gene appears to specify the major protein of bull semen.

Animals↗

PubMed1986

Androgen-regulated proteins of rat seminal vesicle secretion constitute a structurally related family present in the copulatory plug.

All the major androgen-regulated secretory proteins of rat seminal vesicles have been purified in high yield from polyacrylamide gels using electroelution. In the process a sixth previously undocumented protein has been identified. Amino acid compositions of all the proteins are very similar and highly unusual, being high in lysine and arginine, and with 40-50% of the residues accounted for by serine, glycine and glutamate/glutamine. N-Terminal amino acid sequences for 3 of the proteins show that they are clearly the products of related genes. At least one of the other proteins is N-terminally blocked in vivo. Antibodies specific for each protein have been raised and provide evidence of structural similarity between the proteins. The antibodies were also used in immunofluorescence histochemistry with the rat copulatory plug, showing for the first time that all the major proteins of seminal vesicle secretion are components of this reproductive structure.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed2007

Suppression effect of seminal vesicle autoantigen on platelet-activating factor-induced mouse sperm capacitation.

Mammalian sperm gain the ability to fertilize an egg successfully by the capacitation process. An unregulated capacitation process causes sperm to undergo a spontaneous acrosome reaction (AR) and resulting in loss of their fertilization activity. Thus, functional sperm activation is tightly regulated by a capacitation and suppression (decapacitation) mechanism. Factors, such as platelet-activating factor (PAF) present in both sperm and the female genital tract, are able to stimulate sperm capacitation. Seminal plasma is thought to have the ability to suppress sperm capacitation; however, the regulatory mechanisms of seminal plasma protein on sperm capacitation are not well understood. Recently, we demonstrated that seminal vesicle autoantigen (SVA), a major seminal vesicle secretory protein, is able to suppress mouse sperm capacitation. To further study the suppression spectra of SVA on sperm capacitation, we investigated the effect of SVA on PAF-induced mouse sperm capacitation-related signals. Here, we demonstrate that SVA decreases the [Ca(2+)](i) to suppress the PAF's effects on [Ca(2+)](i), the cAMP level, protein tyrosine phosphorylation, and capacitation. The inhibition of PAF-induced protein tyrosine phosphorylation and capacitation by SVA can be reversed by cAMP agonists. Characterization of the interactions of SVA with PAF by TLC overlay and tryptophan fluorescence spectrum analyses indicates that SVA is capable of binding PAF with an apparent dissociation constant K(d) > 50 microM. Together with these results, we demonstrate that SVA deceases [Ca(2+)](i) and cross-talks with PAF-induced intracellular signals to regulate mouse sperm capacitation.

Animals↗