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At least 775 records · Page 43Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Lipid biosynthesis in sebaceous glands: regulation of the synthesis of n- and branched fatty acids by malonyl-coenzyme A decarboxylase.

Crude cell-free extracts isolated from the uropygial glands of goose catalyzed the carboxylation of propionyl-CoA but not acetyl-CoA. However, a partially purified preparation catalyzed the carboxylation of both substrates and the characteristics of this carboxylase were similar to those reported for chicken liver carboxylase. The Km and Vmax for the carboxylation of either acetyl-CoA or propionyl-CoA were 1.5 times 10- minus-5 M and 0.8 mumol per min per mg, respectively. In the crude extracts an inhibitor of the acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity was detected. The inhibitor was partially purified and identified as a protein that catalyzed the rapid decarboxylation of malonyl-CoA. This enzyme was avidin-insenitive and highly specific for malonyl-CoA with very low rates of decarboxylation for methylmalonyl-CoA and malonic acid. Vmax and Km for malonyl-CoA decarboxylation, at the pH optimum of 9.5, were 12.5 mumol per min per mg and 8 times 10- minus-4 M, respectively. The relative activities of the acetyl-CoA carboxylase and malonyl-CoA decarboxylase were about 4 mumol per min per gland and 70 mumoles per min per gland, respectively. Therefore acetyl-CoA and methylmalonyl-CoA should be the major primer and elongating agent, respectively, present in the gland. The major fatty acid formed from these precursors by the fatty acid synthetase of the gland would be 2,4,6,8-tetramethyl-decanoic acid which is known to be the major fatty acid of the gland (Buckner, J. S. and Kolattukudy, P. E. (1975), Biochemistry, following paper). Therefore it is concluded that the malonyl-CoA decarboxylase controls fatty acid synthesis in this gland.

Acetyl Coenzyme A↗
PubMed1978

Gap junctions in human sebaceous glands.

An examination of human seabaceous glands by transmission electron microscopy has revealed the presence of gap junctions. The junctions are found in abundance between differentiating cells, and annular forms are also seen. The possible significance of this new finding is briefly discussed.

Cell Differentiation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Characteristics of microbial association in secretions of various mammalian sebaceous glands].

The following secretions of mammalian skin glands were subjected to a microbiological survey: the middle-abdominal glands of great and Mongolian gerbils, the preputial gland of musk deer, the perineal organ of African civet cat, the interdigital skin regions and interdigital glands of bison, European bison, European roe deer, and musk deer. All the secretions were found to contain microbial associations. The composition of bacterial species in the secretions and the quantity of microorganisms varied among different animal species, during the ontogenesis of an animal, and depended on the topography of a gland on an animal body as well as on its functional state in different seasons or upon hormonal changes. The secretions of certain glands contain factors which determine the composition of microbial species in a particular ecological niche and the stability of such a cenosis.

Actinomyces↗
PubMed2006

Isotretinoin revisited: pluripotent effects on human sebaceous gland cells.

Nelson et al. confirmed the previously described antiproliferative effect of isotretinoin on human sebocytes. They attributed a portion of this decrease to cell cycle arrest and detected sebocyte apoptosis, which was not recapitulated by alitretinoin or tretinoin. These events were specific to sebocytes, as isotretinoin failed to induce apoptosis in keratinocytes. Isotretinoin-induced apoptosis was shown to be an RAR-independent mechanism.

Apoptosis↗
PubMed1976

Occurrence of oral sebaceous glands in 43,654 industrial workers of Gujarat, India.

In 10 cancer patients platelet concentration, platelet consumption, platelet half-life time and plasma concentration of platelet factor 4 were determined. A high frequency of thrombocytosis and increased platelet consumption were observed, and the plasma concentration of platelet factor 4 was increased. However, no significant correlation was found between platelet consumption and the result of a single determination of platelet factor 4 concentrations in plasma.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Sebaceous gland inhibition from combined glucocorticoid-estrogen treatment.

Sebum production in seven hirsute women was found to be markedly inhibited by low-dosage glucocorticoid therapy, usually 5 to 10 mg of prednisone daily, combined with the cyclic administration of ethinyl estradiol, either 80mug or 100mug daily, in the form of oral contraceptive medication. The average reduction of sebum secretion was 85.7%, from a pretreatment mean value of 3.07 mg of sebum to an average treatment level of 0.44 mg.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Characteristics and behavior of eyelid carcinoma (basal cell, squamous cell sebaceous gland, and malignant melanoma).

Malignant tumors of the eyelid pose a serious threat because of their proximity to the globe, brain, and paranasal sinuses. We review the features of four common skin carcinomas involving the eyelid skin. Particular emphasis is given to their clinical presentation and to biologic behavior. Clinicians are encouraged to be aware of the clinical manifestations of these tumors, since early recognition and treatment result in the most cosmetically and functionally satisfactory results. An approach for rational treatment is presented.

Basal Cell Carcinoma↗
PubMed1978

Effect of progesterone on the sebaceous glands.

The effect of progesterone on the rate of sebum secretion was examined in intact and gonadectomized male and female rats. In intact adult male rats, progesterone administered for 3 weeks decreased sebum secretion, whereas in intact adult female rats, progesterone slightly increased sebum production. In castrated adults progesterone increased sebum secretion in both sexes, a greater response occurring after castration at 21 days of age than after castration at 10 weeks. Thus, the response to progesterone in the adult rat differs in intact males and females and is affected by changes in the endocrine environment induced by gonadectomy, especially near the time of puberty.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Inhibition of propionibacteria in the sebaceous gland duct using photochemotherapy and 8-methoxypsoralen].

It was shown by in vitro studies that 8-methoxypsoralen (= 8 MOP) alone and UVA irradiation alone produces relatively little inhibition of the growth of Propionibacterium acnes and Propionibacterium granulosum, whereas a combination leads to an intense suppression of bacterial growth. It was further demonstrated by in vivo studies on 14 subjects that local treatment with 8 MOP and UVA significantly reduces the propionibacteria in the pilosebaceous duct. These results afford a possible explanation for the well known favorable effect of photochemotherapy on acne vulgaris. In addition, they contribute to explaining the drier appearance of the skin after photochemotherapy.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1995

Apert's syndrome and androgen receptor staining of the basal cells of sebaceous glands.

We report two cases of Apert's syndrome, each of whom developed the severe acne in adolescence which is a feature of this disorder. Both responded to isotretinoin therapy. Immunohistochemical techniques, using a mouse monoclonal antibody, were employed to stain sebocyte androgen receptors in the two patients, and in five controls. This showed no difference in the number of cells with androgen receptor expression between the patients with Apert's syndrome and controls. These results support the concept that the underlying problem in Apert's syndrome is an abnormal sensitivity to normal circulating levels of androgens, and not an excess number of androgen receptors.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1982

Comparative effect of isotretinoin and etretinate on acne and sebaceous gland secretion.

Isotretinoin (13-cis-retinoic acid) was compared with the aromatic retinoid, etretinate, in patients with severe nodulocystic acne. Evaluation of fifty-six such men receiving 1 mg/kg of one or the other of these two drugs was performed with regard to clinical improvement and change in sebum production. Lesion counting demonstrated a significant improvement in patients receiving isotretinoin, particularly in facial lesions. There was significantly less improvement with etretinate. Similarly, isotretinoin produced a marked suppression of sebum production. There was little effect of etretinate on sebum production. Side effects were limited primarily to the skin and mucous membranes.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1975

The intranuclear binding of 17 beta-hydroxy-5 alpha-androstan-3-one and testosterone by hamster sebaceous glands.

After the administration of 3-H-testosterone to castrated hamsters, extracts from crude nuclei were separated into bound and free fractions by gel filtration of Sephadex G-25, Subsequent analysis by thin-layer chromatography and recrystallization showed that dihydrotestosterone was the predominant radioactive steroid in the bound fraction and that it increased steadily with time until 1 hr after the injection. Further purification of the nuclear fraction showed an abundance of dihydrotestosterone in the nuclei. The binding was significantly decreased by pronase treatment, only slightly affected by deoxyribonuclease, and remained unaffected by ribonuclease. From the elution pattern on Sephadex G-200, the molecular weight of the binding macromolecule was estimated to be 3 times 10-4 daltons.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Sebaceous gland differentiation: II. The isolation, separation and characterization of cells from the mouse preputial gland.

Viable cells have been isolated, by enzyme digestion, from mouse preputial glands and have been separated, by isopycnic centrifugation, into populations of different buoyant densities. The separated cells have been evaluated by morphological and biochemical criteria to assess the success of the separation procedure in terms of the stage of differentiation of each cell population. Use of Ficoll as gradient medium for the isopycnic centrifugation proved unsuccessful, but good separations were obtained when Metrizamide was used. The separated cells from the Metrizamide gradient were shown to be in different stages of differentiation. Techniques are described for the special handling of these cells as well as suitable assay procedures. Some of the properties of the separated cells are described.

Animals↗