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PubMed1990

Urography with spasmolytics.

The effects of glucagon (1 mg i.v.) and hyoscine butylbromide (Buscopan 20 mg i.v.) and placebo on the visualization of the pyelocalyceal systems and ureters was compared in a routine urography with abdominal compression in a double-blind, randomized trial comprising 189 kidneys and ureters. The visualization of the ureters in the supine position was highly significantly better than in the prone. In the prone position the ureteral visualization with Buscopan was marginally significantly better than with placebo or glucagon. Otherwise, neither Buscopan nor glucagon improved the pyeloureteral visualization. However, with glucagon the pyelocalyceal visualization was highly significantly poorer than with placebo, and marginally significantly poorer than with Buscopan.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Spasmolytic activity of two synthetic anilide local anaesthetics.

Two basic anilides EA-7 and EA-8 were investigated for their antispasmodic activity against a variety of spasmogens on different tissues from different species of animals and comparison was made with lignocaine. EA-8 was found to be the most potent in this respect, followed by EA-7 and lignocaine. The antispasmodic potency does not correspond to their local anaesthetic potency. This suggests a direct depressant effect on tissues.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1988

[Effectiveness of aerosol treatment with spasmolytic agents of obstructive bronchitis in infancy and early childhood].

In 64 children in the age of 3 months to 3 years with obstructive bronchitis the effectivity of aerosol treatment with orziprenalin and the combination of fenoterol with ipratropium bromide (Berodual) using ultrasonic nebulizer, the treatment with Berodual metered pressure aerosol, and the effectivity of the inhalation of physiological (isotonic) saline solution during acute respiratory virus infection has been compared. The effectivity was evaluated by clinical observation and on the base of the determination of capnographic and oxymetric values. Compared to the controls (inhalation of saline), a very high effectivity of all 3 bronchospasmolytic formulations has been observed. The ease of the use of the Berodual metered pressure aerosol is stressed.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1988

[Double-blind study of the effect of cyclotropium bromide on the smooth musculature of the esophagus. Description of a test of spasmolytic action].

Esophageal manometry can be employed to quantify the effects of antispasmodics in human subjects. Because of this, the effects of intravenously administered ciclotropium bromide (CTB) or hyoscine N-butylbromide (HNB) on esophagus smooth muscles were tested by manometry against saline (placebo) in 10 healthy volunteers in a randomized double-blind study. Tolerance as well as efficacy of CTB and HNB were evaluated. CTB administered intravenously significantly reduced the peristalsis amplitude following dry and wet acts of swallowing for at least 90 min. HNB caused a similar reduction which lasted only for 10 min. No reduction was observed following placebo except for physiological fluctuations. This shows that intravenous CTB causes a long-lasting reduction of smooth muscle contractions following the act of swallowing. Following placebo the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure was higher than baseline values during the entire 90 min measurement period. CTB administration resulted in a significant reduction of the LES pressure compared to placebo. After HNB administration there was an initial decrease of the LES pressure lasting 30 min which was followed by an increase. None of the 3 drugs affected systolic or diastolic blood pressure. The heart rate did not change following placebo. After HNB administration heart rate was elevated at 15 min but decreased thereafter and was significantly lower than the baseline value at 45 min and later. CTB caused a significant increase of the heart rate at all sampling times. This increase corresponds well with the side-effects reported by 7 of the 10 subjects.

Adult↗