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At least 775 records · Page 43Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Progression of periodontal tissue destruction at splinted/non-splinted teeth. An experimental study in the dog.

The aim of the present investigation was to study whether splinting, i.e., immobilisation of teeth, may interfere with the rate of periodontal tissue destruction that can be accomplished by ligature placement and plaque accumulation, 5, 1-year-old, beagle dogs were included in the experiment. The mandibular 2nd and 3rd premolars and the 1st molar on both sides of the mandible were extracted. 2 titanium implants were installed in the sites of 3P and 1M, i.e., in the right quadrant of the mandible. 3 months later, abutment connection was performed and a fixed, gold splint, connecting the tooth and the implants, was inserted. The non-resilient splint was cemented in place on Day 0 and 4P was hereby immobilized. In each dog, the contralateral fourth premolar (P4) served as the non-splinted control tooth. Experimental periodontal tissue breakdown was initiated by placing cotton floss ligatures around the neck of 4P and P4 and by allowing the animals to accumulate plaque and calculus. Once every month, new ligatures were placed at the level of the receding gingival margin. The experiment was terminated on Day 180. Radiographs of 4P and P4 were obtained and biopsies sampled. The results of the measurements, made in the radiographs and the histological sections, disclosed that the splinting of the experimental teeth, failed to prevent or retard apical downgrowth of plaque and associated attachment loss. It was concluded that increased tooth mobility, within the limits of the present experiment, obviously did not establish conditions which favoured an enhanced destruction of the periodontal tissues in the beagle dog model.

Alveolar Bone Loss↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A 10-year randomized clinical trial on the influence of splinted and unsplinted oral implants retaining mandibular overdentures: peri-implant outcome.

PURPOSE: This randomized controlled clinical trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy of splinted implants versus unsplinted implants in overdenture therapy over a 10-year period. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study sample comprised 36 completely edentulous patients, 17 men and 19 women (mean age 63.7 years). In each patient, 2 implants (Brånemark System, Nobel Biocare, Göteborg, Sweden) were placed in the interforaminal area. Three to 5 months after placement, they were connected to standard abutments. The patients were then rehabilitated with ball-retained overdentures, magnet-retained overdentures, or bar-retained overdentures (the control group). Patients were followed for 4, 12, 60, and 120 months post-abutment connection. Group means as well as linear regression models were fitted with attachment type and time as classification variables and corrected for simultaneous testing (Tukey). RESULTS: After 10 years, 9 patients had died and 1 was severely ill. Over 10 years, no implants failed. Mean Plaque Index, Bleeding Index, change in attachment level, Periotest values, and marginal bone level at the end of the follow-up period were not significantly different among the groups. DISCUSSION: The annual marginal bone loss, excluding the first months of remodeling, was comparable with that found around healthy natural teeth. CONCLUSION: The fact that no implants failed and that overall marginal bone loss after the first year of bone remodeling was limited suggested that implants in a 2-implant mandibular overdenture concept have an excellent prognosis in this patient population, irrespective of the attachment system used.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

New attachment through periodontal treatment and orthodontic intrusion.

The present study was performed to investigate the tissue reaction related to orthodontic intrusion of teeth with a reduced periodontium and further to evaluate the influence of oral hygiene on this reaction. In each of five Macaca fascicularis monkeys, periodontal tissue breakdown was induced around the premolars and the upper incisors by placing orthodontic elastic ligatures around the teeth. The breakdown procedure was continued until a minimum of four pockets could be measured on probing. Following removal of the elastics, a flap operation was performed. The pocket epithelium and granulation tissue were excised. During the surgical procedure, a notch was placed just above the bone. The teeth were divided postoperatively into four groups according to treatment: group 1 = flap operation, no oral hygiene program; group 2 = flap operation plus oral hygiene program three times per week; group 3 = flap operation plus intrusion, no oral hygiene program; and group 4 = flap operation plus intrusion plus oral hygiene. Groups 3 and 4 were subdivided into two observation periods. A total of 60 teeth corresponding to 120 approximate surfaces were studied. The animals were killed with perfusion; histologic sections were produced and stained alternatively with hematoxylin and eosin, and van Gieson's solution. The histologic analysis showed that new cementum formation and new collagen attachment were observed following the surgical procedure if the oral hygiene was maintained, but also demonstrated that the intrusion improved the quantity of new attachment if carried out under healthy conditions. New attachment was a consistent finding in group 4, but varied from 0.7 to 2.3 mm. In case of intrusion without oral hygiene, the results varied from moderate new attachment to an aggravation of the periodontal bone loss. On the basis of the results presented here, the combination of periodontal treatment and orthodontic intrusion seems to be a method by which improvement of the periodontal condition can be obtained, provided that both the biomechanical force system and the oral hygiene are kept under control.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Role of occlusion in endodontic management: report of two cases.

The two clinical cases reported demonstrate that traumatic occlusion can play a role in the initiation and progression of pulp and periradicular inflammation. The symptom of persistent pain did not subside after the commencement of endodontic treatment. Traumatic occlusion was identified in both cases to be the main cause and hence occlusal adjustment was performed. This resulted in the gradual resolution of the symptoms. The findings suggest that occlusal trauma is often overlooked in the diagnosis and management of endodontic diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The sutureless free gingival graft.

A technique designed to utilize the autogenous free gingival graft without the use of sutures was demonstrated. Necessary objectives were maintained but achieved without unnecessarily piercing the graft, and in less time. The only variance in results would be due to the underlying physical properties of the recipient site. This new approach to grafting avoids the cyanoacrylate from getting between the graft and recipient site, therefore acting as a foreign body. Also shown was the complete coverage of a denuded root surface by this technique using a free autogenous gingival graft. This technique enables the surgeon to achieve the results of a predictable technique (autogenous free gingival graft) even more predictably simple.

Bandages↗
PubMed1982

Movements of healthy and periodontally involved teeth measured with laser reflection technique.

The laser reflection method of remote measurement was used to register small tooth movements of upper central incisors from a group of subjects with healthy teeth and another group with periodontally involved teeth. The mobility of the healthy maxillary incisors over a period of 24 hours was well within normal limits. Among orthodontically treated and periodontally involved maxillary incisors relapse was larger sagittally than laterally and largest buccally. This tendency was greatest during the first 5 hours and almost reached its maximum after 1 day. These movements were within the limits of mobility but were not always correlated with mobility or the loss of marginal bone. Furthermore, the relapse was not correlated with the magnitude of orthodontic correction. In this respect, the mean buccal relapse was low, however, individual variations were large. The extent of relapse may be related to the varying intensity of parafunctional habits.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Technique for placement of a posterior prefabricated fiber-reinforced composite bridge.

Fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) materials currently are used as alternatives for fixed restorations of edentulous areas within the posterior and anterior regions of the mouth. A chairside technique, using a prefabricated FRC framework, allows the clinician to offer the patient another fixed option for replacing a missing posterior tooth that is more time-efficient and cost-effective than other, more traditional approaches. Procedures that incorporate adhesive dentistry give dentists the ability to replace missing teeth and splint unstable teeth for periodontal or orthodontic purposes. This article demonstrates the sequence and chairside technique for placing a prefabricated FRC framework to restore a posterior edentulous area.

Cementation↗
PubMed1990

Controversies in occlusion.

The tissues and structures of the stomatognathic system adapt in different ways but in a coordinated manner to functional forces. This adaptive capacity differs from individual to individual and tends to cloud the picture as to how these mechanisms function. This leads to many areas of disagreement as to the role of occlusal trauma in the etiology of periodontal disease; the importance of centric, bite collapse versus arch collapse; the role of incisal guidance in maintaining occlusal stability; canine protected-guided occlusion versus group function; the use of appliances in occlusal therapy; prophylactic versus interceptive occlusal adjustment; and the role of bruxism and other parafunctional habits in occlusal trauma. An attempt is made in this article to clarify these issues.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Caring for the dentate elderly.

The proportional increase of elderly persons in most communities and increasing tooth retention among them betoken considerable change in gerodontic needs. Servicing dentate older patients will occupy progressively more practising time. This committment requires the development of somewhat different skills, knowledge and philosophy from those customarily propounded in dental teaching to date which has concentrated mostly on matters relevant to young and middle-aged persons. Dentists must become proficient in managing clinical entities of prevalence in the elderly. Xerostomia, a frequent, but often neglected symptom can have distressing consequences. Practitioners have a responsibility to detect it, analyse its likely cause or causes and select appropriate therapy. Root caries is re-emerging as a common finding. Its aetiology must be understood in order to institute effective preventive measures and treatment. Dentate elderly persons typically have heavily restored teeth subject to various iatrogenic problems. Some of the restorative work required can be provided exactly as for younger patients. However, optimum care is not necessarily the most elaborate. It is often desirable, when health or financial considerations dictate, to adopt expedients which reduce treatment extent and/or expense. Adhesive materials are extremely useful. The 'sandwich technique' for bonding composite resin to dentine via glass ionomer cement often facilitates the provision of extensive restorations in a minimally invasive fashion. Adhesive procedures can also be applied to treat attrition, mend fatigue fractures, splint teeth deficient in periodontal support, and provide simplified cosmetic treatment for elderly patients.

Aged↗